NR 507 COMPLETE STUDY REVIEWS
The only way for a hormone to work is through the blood stream. - CORRECT
ANSWER-False.
The endocrine cell can also secrete hormones that target cells directly close it. When
this occurs, this type of secretion is known as paracrine signaling.
Lipid-derived hormones cross the cell membrane and bind to receptors in the cell's
cytoplasm - CORRECT ANSWER-True.
This statement is true. Lipid-derived hormones cross the cell membrane and bind to
receptors in the cell's cytoplasm.
The anterior lobe of the pituitary produces its own hormones - CORRECT ANSWER-
True.
This statement is true. The anterior lobe of the pituitary produces its own hormones
To be considered a lipid hormone, it must be bound to a protein and it must bind to
receptors inside the cell membrane - CORRECT ANSWER-False.
It must be bound to a protein and it bind to receptors on the cell membrane rather than
inside the cell membrane.
The pineal gland is responsible for regulating the sleep-wake cycle - CORRECT
ANSWER-True.
The posterior lobe of the pituitary produces its own hormones - CORRECT ANSWER-
False.
The posterior pituitary receives its hormones (oxytocin and ADH) from the
hypothalamus. The anterior pituitary produces its own hormones.
Aldosterone promotes sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion in the kidneys. -
CORRECT ANSWER-This statement is true.
Hyperthyroidism - CORRECT ANSWER-Elevated Thyroid Hormone
, Suppressed TSH
Enlarged liver
Hand tremors
Hypothyroidism - CORRECT ANSWER-Decreased thyroid hormone and
Elevated TSH
Fatigue
Diminished deep tendon reflexes
Type 1 DM - CORRECT ANSWER-Onset 1<10-20 years
Associated with diabetic ketoacidosis
Symptoms: polyuria, polyphagia, polydipsia
Autoimmune:Genetic and environmental factors, resulting in gradual process of
autoimmune destruction in genetically susceptible individuals
Nonautoimmune:Unknown
Strong association with HLA-DQA and HLA-DQB genes
acute complications: Diabetic ketoacidosis
Type 2 DM - CORRECT ANSWER-Usually > 40 years of age
Associated with hyperosmolar nonketotic coma
Symptoms: weakness, weight loss, infections
Results from genetic susceptibility (polygenic) combined with environmental
determinants and other risk factors
Inherited defects in beta-cell mass and function combined with peripheral tissue insulin
resistance
Associated with long-duration obesity
strong genetic association
Acute complications: Hyperosmolar nonketotic coma
alpha cells - CORRECT ANSWER-responsible for secreting glucagon
beta cells - CORRECT ANSWER-responsible for secreting insulin and amylin
inhibits glucagon secretion
delta cells - CORRECT ANSWER-responsible for secreting gastrin and somatostatin
F (PP) Cells - CORRECT ANSWER-secrete pancreatic polypeptide that stimulates
gastric secretions and antagonizes cholecystokinin.
Criteria to diagnose Diabetes Type 1 and 2 - CORRECT ANSWER-FPG ≥126 mg/dL
(7.0 mmol/L). Fasting is defined as no caloric intake for at least 8 h*
The only way for a hormone to work is through the blood stream. - CORRECT
ANSWER-False.
The endocrine cell can also secrete hormones that target cells directly close it. When
this occurs, this type of secretion is known as paracrine signaling.
Lipid-derived hormones cross the cell membrane and bind to receptors in the cell's
cytoplasm - CORRECT ANSWER-True.
This statement is true. Lipid-derived hormones cross the cell membrane and bind to
receptors in the cell's cytoplasm.
The anterior lobe of the pituitary produces its own hormones - CORRECT ANSWER-
True.
This statement is true. The anterior lobe of the pituitary produces its own hormones
To be considered a lipid hormone, it must be bound to a protein and it must bind to
receptors inside the cell membrane - CORRECT ANSWER-False.
It must be bound to a protein and it bind to receptors on the cell membrane rather than
inside the cell membrane.
The pineal gland is responsible for regulating the sleep-wake cycle - CORRECT
ANSWER-True.
The posterior lobe of the pituitary produces its own hormones - CORRECT ANSWER-
False.
The posterior pituitary receives its hormones (oxytocin and ADH) from the
hypothalamus. The anterior pituitary produces its own hormones.
Aldosterone promotes sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion in the kidneys. -
CORRECT ANSWER-This statement is true.
Hyperthyroidism - CORRECT ANSWER-Elevated Thyroid Hormone
, Suppressed TSH
Enlarged liver
Hand tremors
Hypothyroidism - CORRECT ANSWER-Decreased thyroid hormone and
Elevated TSH
Fatigue
Diminished deep tendon reflexes
Type 1 DM - CORRECT ANSWER-Onset 1<10-20 years
Associated with diabetic ketoacidosis
Symptoms: polyuria, polyphagia, polydipsia
Autoimmune:Genetic and environmental factors, resulting in gradual process of
autoimmune destruction in genetically susceptible individuals
Nonautoimmune:Unknown
Strong association with HLA-DQA and HLA-DQB genes
acute complications: Diabetic ketoacidosis
Type 2 DM - CORRECT ANSWER-Usually > 40 years of age
Associated with hyperosmolar nonketotic coma
Symptoms: weakness, weight loss, infections
Results from genetic susceptibility (polygenic) combined with environmental
determinants and other risk factors
Inherited defects in beta-cell mass and function combined with peripheral tissue insulin
resistance
Associated with long-duration obesity
strong genetic association
Acute complications: Hyperosmolar nonketotic coma
alpha cells - CORRECT ANSWER-responsible for secreting glucagon
beta cells - CORRECT ANSWER-responsible for secreting insulin and amylin
inhibits glucagon secretion
delta cells - CORRECT ANSWER-responsible for secreting gastrin and somatostatin
F (PP) Cells - CORRECT ANSWER-secrete pancreatic polypeptide that stimulates
gastric secretions and antagonizes cholecystokinin.
Criteria to diagnose Diabetes Type 1 and 2 - CORRECT ANSWER-FPG ≥126 mg/dL
(7.0 mmol/L). Fasting is defined as no caloric intake for at least 8 h*
