NSG 3100 exam 4 Latest 2026/2025;New
50 Questions and Answers/100%
Correct/Graded A+.(Galen College of
Nursing)
Question 1
When the client's serum sodium level is 120 mEq/L, the priority nursing
assessment is to monitor the status of which body system?
A) Cardiovascular
B) Respiratory
C) Neurological
D) Gastrointestinal
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Severe hyponatremia (sodium <125 mEq/L) causes water shifts into
brain cells, leading to cerebral edema, increased intracranial pressure, confusion,
seizures, and coma. Neurological status is the priority assessment because these
changes can be life-threatening and occur rapidly. Early signs include headache,
nausea, and confusion.
Question 2
While assisting the client with meal selection, the nurse realizes that clients who
practice Islam or Judaism share an avoidance of:
,A) Beef products
B) Dairy products
C) Pork products
D) Shellfish
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Both Islamic (Halal) and Jewish (Kosher) dietary laws prohibit the
consumption of pork and pork products. This is a shared dietary restriction across
both religions. Beef and dairy have different restrictions (e.g., kosher prohibits
mixing meat and dairy), but pork is prohibited by both faiths.
Question 3
The client wants to increase intake of an antioxidant in her diet. The nurse
recommends including vitamin C, which is best found in:
A) Potatoes
B) Tomatoes
C) Apples
D) Corn
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tomatoes are an excellent source of vitamin C, a powerful antioxidant
that protects cells from free radical damage and supports immune function. Other
foods high in vitamin C include citrus fruits, broccoli, bell peppers, and
strawberries.
,Question 4
For a child who has ingested the remaining contents of an aspirin bottle, the nurse
suspects signs and symptoms consistent with:
A) Metabolic alkalosis
B) Metabolic acidosis
C) Respiratory acidosis
D) Respiratory alkalosis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aspirin (salicylate) overdose causes metabolic acidosis due to
accumulation of salicylic acid and increased production of organic acids. Early
symptoms include tachypnea, tinnitus, nausea, and vomiting. Severe overdose
leads to altered mental status and respiratory failure.
Question 5
Which of the following techniques used by the new staff nurse for administering
medications via an enteral tube requires correction by the charge nurse?
A) Flushing the tube before and after each medication
B) Crushing enteric-coated tablets
C) Giving each medication separately
D) Using room temperature water for flushing
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Enteric-coated tablets are designed to dissolve in the intestines, not the
stomach. Crushing them destroys the protective coating and can cause gastric
, irritation or inactivation of the medication. The charge nurse should correct this
unsafe practice.
Question 6
After a surgical procedure, the client is advanced to a full liquid diet. The nurse is
able to recommend which one of the following foods for this client?
A) Apple juice
B) Yogurt
C) Gelatin
D) Broth
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A full liquid diet includes all clear liquids PLUS foods that are liquid at
room temperature, including yogurt, milk, pudding, ice cream, cream soups, and
strained cereals. Yogurt is appropriate for a full liquid diet. Clear liquids (apple
juice, gelatin, broth) are less advanced.
Question 7
While doing a nutritional assessment of a low-income family, the community
health nurse determines that the family's diet is inadequate in protein content. The
nurse suggests which of the following lower-cost foods to increase protein intake?
A) White rice
B) Beans
50 Questions and Answers/100%
Correct/Graded A+.(Galen College of
Nursing)
Question 1
When the client's serum sodium level is 120 mEq/L, the priority nursing
assessment is to monitor the status of which body system?
A) Cardiovascular
B) Respiratory
C) Neurological
D) Gastrointestinal
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Severe hyponatremia (sodium <125 mEq/L) causes water shifts into
brain cells, leading to cerebral edema, increased intracranial pressure, confusion,
seizures, and coma. Neurological status is the priority assessment because these
changes can be life-threatening and occur rapidly. Early signs include headache,
nausea, and confusion.
Question 2
While assisting the client with meal selection, the nurse realizes that clients who
practice Islam or Judaism share an avoidance of:
,A) Beef products
B) Dairy products
C) Pork products
D) Shellfish
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Both Islamic (Halal) and Jewish (Kosher) dietary laws prohibit the
consumption of pork and pork products. This is a shared dietary restriction across
both religions. Beef and dairy have different restrictions (e.g., kosher prohibits
mixing meat and dairy), but pork is prohibited by both faiths.
Question 3
The client wants to increase intake of an antioxidant in her diet. The nurse
recommends including vitamin C, which is best found in:
A) Potatoes
B) Tomatoes
C) Apples
D) Corn
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tomatoes are an excellent source of vitamin C, a powerful antioxidant
that protects cells from free radical damage and supports immune function. Other
foods high in vitamin C include citrus fruits, broccoli, bell peppers, and
strawberries.
,Question 4
For a child who has ingested the remaining contents of an aspirin bottle, the nurse
suspects signs and symptoms consistent with:
A) Metabolic alkalosis
B) Metabolic acidosis
C) Respiratory acidosis
D) Respiratory alkalosis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aspirin (salicylate) overdose causes metabolic acidosis due to
accumulation of salicylic acid and increased production of organic acids. Early
symptoms include tachypnea, tinnitus, nausea, and vomiting. Severe overdose
leads to altered mental status and respiratory failure.
Question 5
Which of the following techniques used by the new staff nurse for administering
medications via an enteral tube requires correction by the charge nurse?
A) Flushing the tube before and after each medication
B) Crushing enteric-coated tablets
C) Giving each medication separately
D) Using room temperature water for flushing
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Enteric-coated tablets are designed to dissolve in the intestines, not the
stomach. Crushing them destroys the protective coating and can cause gastric
, irritation or inactivation of the medication. The charge nurse should correct this
unsafe practice.
Question 6
After a surgical procedure, the client is advanced to a full liquid diet. The nurse is
able to recommend which one of the following foods for this client?
A) Apple juice
B) Yogurt
C) Gelatin
D) Broth
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A full liquid diet includes all clear liquids PLUS foods that are liquid at
room temperature, including yogurt, milk, pudding, ice cream, cream soups, and
strained cereals. Yogurt is appropriate for a full liquid diet. Clear liquids (apple
juice, gelatin, broth) are less advanced.
Question 7
While doing a nutritional assessment of a low-income family, the community
health nurse determines that the family's diet is inadequate in protein content. The
nurse suggests which of the following lower-cost foods to increase protein intake?
A) White rice
B) Beans
