Pre-activity screening procedures and tools that provide accurate information about the
individual's health/medical history, current medical conditions, risk factors, signs/symptoms
of disease, current physical activity habits, and medications - ANSWER 1. Self-guided
methods such as the Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PAR-Q) or the modified
AHA/ACSM Health/Fitness Facility Preparticipation Screening Questionnaire.
2. CVD risk factor assessment and classification by qualified health/fitness, clinical exercise,
or health care professionals
3. Medical evaluation including a physical examination and stress test by a qualified health
care provider.
The key components included in informed consent - ANSWER Informed Consent:
1. Purpose and explanation of the test
2. Attendant risks and discomforts
3. Responsibilities of the participant
4. Benefits to be expected
5. Inquiries
6. Use of medical records
7. Freedom of consent
The key components included in health/medical history - ANSWER Health/Medical
History:
1. Medical diagnosis
2. Previous physical examination findings
3. History of symptoms
4. Recent illness, hospitalization, new medical diagnosis, or surgical procedures.
5. Orthopedic problems
1
,6. Medication use and drug allergies
7. Other habits including caffeine, alcohol, tobacco use, or recreational drug use
8. Exercise history
9. Work history
10. Family history of cardiac, pulmonary, or metabolic disease, stroke, or sudden death
The limitations of informed consent and health/medical history - ANSWER 1. Breach of
contract claims
2. Failure to obtain adequate informed consent
3. Negligence in procedural explanation
4. Doesn't provide legal immunity
5. Improper test administration
6. Personnel qualifications
7. Poor safety procedures
8. Informed consent process can be used as defense
Risk factor thresholds for ACSM risk stratification including genetic and lifestyle factors
related to the development of CVD
AGE - ANSWER Men >_ 45 years old. Women >_ 55 years old
Risk factor thresholds for ACSM risk stratification including genetic and lifestyle factors
related to the development of CVD
FAMILY HISTORY - ANSWER Myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization, or sudden
death before 55 years old in father or other first degree male relative or before 65 years old
in mother or other first degree female relative
2
,Risk factor thresholds for ACSM risk stratification including genetic and lifestyle factors
related to the development of CVD
CIGARETTE SMOKER - ANSWER Current cigarette smoker or those who quit within the
previous 6 months or exposure to environmental tobacco smoke
Risk factor thresholds for ACSM risk stratification including genetic and lifestyle factors
related to the development of CVD
SEDENTARY LIFESTYLE - ANSWER Not participating in at least 30 min of moderate
intensity physical activity on at least 3 days of the week for at least 3 months.
Risk factor thresholds for ACSM risk stratification including genetic and lifestyle factors
related to the development of CVD
OBESITY - ANSWER Body mass index >_ 30 kg/m2
or
waist girth >102 cm (40 in) for men and >88 cm (35 in) for women
Risk factor thresholds for ACSM risk stratification including genetic and lifestyle factors
related to the development of CVD
HYPERTENSION - ANSWER Systolic blood pressure >_ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood
pressure >_ 90 mmHg,
confirmed by measurements of at least 2 separate occasions,
or on anti-hypertensive medication.
3
, Risk factor thresholds for ACSM risk stratification including genetic and lifestyle factors
related to the development of CVD
DYSLIPIDEMIA - ANSWER low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol >_ 130 mg/dL
or
high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol < 40 mg/dL
or
on lipid-lowering medication.
If total serum cholesterol is all that is available, use >_ 200 mgd/L
Risk factor thresholds for ACSM risk stratification including genetic and lifestyle factors
related to the development of CVD
PREDIABETES - ANSWER Prediabetes:
Impaired fasting glucose = fasting plasma glucose >_ 100 mg/dL and <_ 125 mg/dL
or
impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) = 2 hours values in oral glucose tolerance test >_ 140
mg/dL and <_ 199 mg/dL confirmed by measurements on at least 2 separate occasions.
Risk factor thresholds for ACSM risk stratification including genetic and lifestyle factors
related to the development of CVD
4
individual's health/medical history, current medical conditions, risk factors, signs/symptoms
of disease, current physical activity habits, and medications - ANSWER 1. Self-guided
methods such as the Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PAR-Q) or the modified
AHA/ACSM Health/Fitness Facility Preparticipation Screening Questionnaire.
2. CVD risk factor assessment and classification by qualified health/fitness, clinical exercise,
or health care professionals
3. Medical evaluation including a physical examination and stress test by a qualified health
care provider.
The key components included in informed consent - ANSWER Informed Consent:
1. Purpose and explanation of the test
2. Attendant risks and discomforts
3. Responsibilities of the participant
4. Benefits to be expected
5. Inquiries
6. Use of medical records
7. Freedom of consent
The key components included in health/medical history - ANSWER Health/Medical
History:
1. Medical diagnosis
2. Previous physical examination findings
3. History of symptoms
4. Recent illness, hospitalization, new medical diagnosis, or surgical procedures.
5. Orthopedic problems
1
,6. Medication use and drug allergies
7. Other habits including caffeine, alcohol, tobacco use, or recreational drug use
8. Exercise history
9. Work history
10. Family history of cardiac, pulmonary, or metabolic disease, stroke, or sudden death
The limitations of informed consent and health/medical history - ANSWER 1. Breach of
contract claims
2. Failure to obtain adequate informed consent
3. Negligence in procedural explanation
4. Doesn't provide legal immunity
5. Improper test administration
6. Personnel qualifications
7. Poor safety procedures
8. Informed consent process can be used as defense
Risk factor thresholds for ACSM risk stratification including genetic and lifestyle factors
related to the development of CVD
AGE - ANSWER Men >_ 45 years old. Women >_ 55 years old
Risk factor thresholds for ACSM risk stratification including genetic and lifestyle factors
related to the development of CVD
FAMILY HISTORY - ANSWER Myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization, or sudden
death before 55 years old in father or other first degree male relative or before 65 years old
in mother or other first degree female relative
2
,Risk factor thresholds for ACSM risk stratification including genetic and lifestyle factors
related to the development of CVD
CIGARETTE SMOKER - ANSWER Current cigarette smoker or those who quit within the
previous 6 months or exposure to environmental tobacco smoke
Risk factor thresholds for ACSM risk stratification including genetic and lifestyle factors
related to the development of CVD
SEDENTARY LIFESTYLE - ANSWER Not participating in at least 30 min of moderate
intensity physical activity on at least 3 days of the week for at least 3 months.
Risk factor thresholds for ACSM risk stratification including genetic and lifestyle factors
related to the development of CVD
OBESITY - ANSWER Body mass index >_ 30 kg/m2
or
waist girth >102 cm (40 in) for men and >88 cm (35 in) for women
Risk factor thresholds for ACSM risk stratification including genetic and lifestyle factors
related to the development of CVD
HYPERTENSION - ANSWER Systolic blood pressure >_ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood
pressure >_ 90 mmHg,
confirmed by measurements of at least 2 separate occasions,
or on anti-hypertensive medication.
3
, Risk factor thresholds for ACSM risk stratification including genetic and lifestyle factors
related to the development of CVD
DYSLIPIDEMIA - ANSWER low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol >_ 130 mg/dL
or
high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol < 40 mg/dL
or
on lipid-lowering medication.
If total serum cholesterol is all that is available, use >_ 200 mgd/L
Risk factor thresholds for ACSM risk stratification including genetic and lifestyle factors
related to the development of CVD
PREDIABETES - ANSWER Prediabetes:
Impaired fasting glucose = fasting plasma glucose >_ 100 mg/dL and <_ 125 mg/dL
or
impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) = 2 hours values in oral glucose tolerance test >_ 140
mg/dL and <_ 199 mg/dL confirmed by measurements on at least 2 separate occasions.
Risk factor thresholds for ACSM risk stratification including genetic and lifestyle factors
related to the development of CVD
4
