NR 283 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS 100% CORRECT RATED A+
Question 1: What is an expected post-operative clinical finding regarding tubes
and drainage for a patient returning from a gastrectomy?
Answer: ✔️✔️ The patient will typically return from surgery with a nasogastric
(NG) tube in place, and the expected initial drainage characteristics should be
serosanguineous (a pale pink or yellow, watery fluid mixed with small amounts of
blood).
Question 2: What occurs during a laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and what is a
common post-operative discomfort caused by the technique?
Answer: ✔️✔️ This procedure involves the surgical removal of the gallbladder. The
abdomen is insufflated with carbon dioxide gas to improve visibility, which
frequently irritates the phrenic nerve and manifests as referred pain in the patient's
shoulder post-operatively.
Question 3: What are the characteristic signs of a healthy, well-perfused stoma
during a normal colostomy assessment?
Answer: ✔️✔️ A healthy stoma should appear beefy red, moist, and slightly
elevated or raised above the abdominal skin surface.
Question 4: How does the consistency of fecal output vary depending on the
anatomical location of a colostomy along the large intestine?
Answer: ✔️✔️ Stool consistency changes across the colon: output from an ostomy
located on the right side of the abdomen (ascending colon) is highly liquid. As the
tract progresses across the transverse colon and down the left side
(descending/sigmoid colon), the stool becomes increasingly firm and well-formed.
,Question 5: What are the essential pre-procedure and post-procedure nursing
interventions for a patient undergoing a barium enema?
Answer: ✔️✔️ Care guidelines include the following steps:
Pre-procedure: Maintain the patient on NPO (nothing by mouth) status as
ordered to clear the bowel.
Post-procedure: Progress the patient to a liquid diet initially, and heavily
emphasize oral or IV hydration to help clear the chalky barium from the
colon and prevent severe constipation or fecal impaction.
Question 6: In an obstetric setting, what rate of vaginal bleeding is considered a
critical warning sign, and what is the priority assessment?
Answer: ✔️✔️ Saturating a perineal pad within 1 hour or less indicates excessive,
dangerous hemorrhage. The nurse's immediate priority is to monitor the Fetal
Heart Rate (FHR) to ensure fetal well-being.
Question 7: What are the classic clinical signs and symptoms that indicate a
pregnant patient may be developing preeclampsia?
Answer: ✔️✔️ Key assessment findings associated with preeclampsia include new-
onset hypertension (HTN), dizziness, tachycardia (increased heart rate), and
hematuria (blood in the urine), alongside proteinuria.
Question 8: What primary physiological event defines Stage 2 of labor?
Answer: ✔️✔️ Stage 2 begins when the cervix is completely dilated (10 cm) and
culminates in the actual birth and delivery of the newborn.
What is a normal reading of a specific gravity in urine for someone who is
hydrated?
, 1.30
If a patient came in dehydrated, what would you expect their specific gravity to be
in their urine?
1.035 or higher
What hormone is produced by the renal system when there is high hypertension?
Renin-blocking drugs (beta-adrenergic blocking drugs)
When a patient has a bladder tumor, they are most likely to have what kind of
acute renal injury?
Post renal, this can be caused by a mechanical obstruction
Patients with obstruction of the renal artery causing renal ischemia exhibit
hypertension. What is one factor that may contribute to hypertension?
Increased renin release
People who have to have dialysis have a lack of _______.
Erythropoiten
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS 100% CORRECT RATED A+
Question 1: What is an expected post-operative clinical finding regarding tubes
and drainage for a patient returning from a gastrectomy?
Answer: ✔️✔️ The patient will typically return from surgery with a nasogastric
(NG) tube in place, and the expected initial drainage characteristics should be
serosanguineous (a pale pink or yellow, watery fluid mixed with small amounts of
blood).
Question 2: What occurs during a laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and what is a
common post-operative discomfort caused by the technique?
Answer: ✔️✔️ This procedure involves the surgical removal of the gallbladder. The
abdomen is insufflated with carbon dioxide gas to improve visibility, which
frequently irritates the phrenic nerve and manifests as referred pain in the patient's
shoulder post-operatively.
Question 3: What are the characteristic signs of a healthy, well-perfused stoma
during a normal colostomy assessment?
Answer: ✔️✔️ A healthy stoma should appear beefy red, moist, and slightly
elevated or raised above the abdominal skin surface.
Question 4: How does the consistency of fecal output vary depending on the
anatomical location of a colostomy along the large intestine?
Answer: ✔️✔️ Stool consistency changes across the colon: output from an ostomy
located on the right side of the abdomen (ascending colon) is highly liquid. As the
tract progresses across the transverse colon and down the left side
(descending/sigmoid colon), the stool becomes increasingly firm and well-formed.
,Question 5: What are the essential pre-procedure and post-procedure nursing
interventions for a patient undergoing a barium enema?
Answer: ✔️✔️ Care guidelines include the following steps:
Pre-procedure: Maintain the patient on NPO (nothing by mouth) status as
ordered to clear the bowel.
Post-procedure: Progress the patient to a liquid diet initially, and heavily
emphasize oral or IV hydration to help clear the chalky barium from the
colon and prevent severe constipation or fecal impaction.
Question 6: In an obstetric setting, what rate of vaginal bleeding is considered a
critical warning sign, and what is the priority assessment?
Answer: ✔️✔️ Saturating a perineal pad within 1 hour or less indicates excessive,
dangerous hemorrhage. The nurse's immediate priority is to monitor the Fetal
Heart Rate (FHR) to ensure fetal well-being.
Question 7: What are the classic clinical signs and symptoms that indicate a
pregnant patient may be developing preeclampsia?
Answer: ✔️✔️ Key assessment findings associated with preeclampsia include new-
onset hypertension (HTN), dizziness, tachycardia (increased heart rate), and
hematuria (blood in the urine), alongside proteinuria.
Question 8: What primary physiological event defines Stage 2 of labor?
Answer: ✔️✔️ Stage 2 begins when the cervix is completely dilated (10 cm) and
culminates in the actual birth and delivery of the newborn.
What is a normal reading of a specific gravity in urine for someone who is
hydrated?
, 1.30
If a patient came in dehydrated, what would you expect their specific gravity to be
in their urine?
1.035 or higher
What hormone is produced by the renal system when there is high hypertension?
Renin-blocking drugs (beta-adrenergic blocking drugs)
When a patient has a bladder tumor, they are most likely to have what kind of
acute renal injury?
Post renal, this can be caused by a mechanical obstruction
Patients with obstruction of the renal artery causing renal ischemia exhibit
hypertension. What is one factor that may contribute to hypertension?
Increased renin release
People who have to have dialysis have a lack of _______.
Erythropoiten
