PHIL 447N Week 4 Midterm Quiz (Version 2)
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1. A nurse is caring for a competent adult patient who refuses a life-saving
blood transfusion based on religious beliefs. Which ethical principle is most
directly upheld by honoring this refusal?
A. Beneficence
B. Nonmaleficence
C. Autonomy
D. Justice
✔ Correct Answer: Autonomy
Rationale: Autonomy emphasizes the patient’s right to make informed
decisions about their own care, even if those decisions may result in
harm. Respecting refusal demonstrates recognition of patient self-
determination.
2. A healthcare provider administers medication intended to relieve severe
pain but anticipates it may hasten death. Which ethical doctrine applies?
A. Principle of utility
B. Doctrine of double effect
C. Principle of fidelity
D. Principle of justice
✔ Correct Answer: Doctrine of double effect
Rationale: The doctrine of double effect permits actions with both good
and unintended harmful outcomes, provided the intention is morally
sound, such as pain relief.
,3. Which theory focuses on the consequences of actions to determine moral
rightness?
A. Deontology
B. Virtue ethics
C. Utilitarianism
D. Care ethics
✔ Correct Answer: Utilitarianism
Rationale: Utilitarianism evaluates actions based on outcomes, aiming to
produce the greatest good for the greatest number.
4. A nurse tells a patient the full truth about a serious diagnosis despite family
requests to withhold it. Which principle is demonstrated?
A. Veracity
B. Fidelity
C. Justice
D. Beneficence
✔ Correct Answer: Veracity
Rationale: Veracity involves truth-telling and honesty in patient
communication, supporting informed decision-making.
5. A policy ensures equal access to healthcare services regardless of income.
Which principle is applied?
A. Autonomy
B. Justice
C. Nonmaleficence
D. Fidelity
✔ Correct Answer: Justice
Rationale: Justice focuses on fair distribution of resources and equitable
treatment across populations.
6. A nurse advocates for a patient whose wishes are being ignored by the
healthcare team. What role is the nurse fulfilling?
A. Caregiver
B. Educator
, C. Advocate
D. Manager
✔ Correct Answer: Advocate
Rationale: Advocacy involves protecting the patient’s rights and
preferences, especially when they are vulnerable.
7. A patient signs a surgical consent form without understanding the risks.
What ethical issue is present?
A. Breach of confidentiality
B. Lack of informed consent
C. Violation of fidelity
D. Therapeutic privilege
✔ Correct Answer: Lack of informed consent
Rationale: Informed consent requires adequate understanding of risks,
benefits, and alternatives before agreement.
8. A nurse refuses to participate in a procedure that conflicts with personal
moral beliefs. This reflects:
A. Moral distress
B. Moral courage
C. Moral uncertainty
D. Ethical dilemma
✔ Correct Answer: Moral courage
Rationale: Moral courage involves acting according to ethical beliefs
despite potential consequences.
9. Which concept refers to doing good for the patient?
A. Autonomy
B. Beneficence
C. Justice
D. Fidelity
✔ Correct Answer: Beneficence
Rationale: Beneficence is the duty to promote good and act in the
patient’s best interest.
Questions With Correct Answers (Verified
Answers) Plus Rationales 2026 Q&A | Instant
Download Pdf A+ Grade Guarantee Verified By
Professionals
1. A nurse is caring for a competent adult patient who refuses a life-saving
blood transfusion based on religious beliefs. Which ethical principle is most
directly upheld by honoring this refusal?
A. Beneficence
B. Nonmaleficence
C. Autonomy
D. Justice
✔ Correct Answer: Autonomy
Rationale: Autonomy emphasizes the patient’s right to make informed
decisions about their own care, even if those decisions may result in
harm. Respecting refusal demonstrates recognition of patient self-
determination.
2. A healthcare provider administers medication intended to relieve severe
pain but anticipates it may hasten death. Which ethical doctrine applies?
A. Principle of utility
B. Doctrine of double effect
C. Principle of fidelity
D. Principle of justice
✔ Correct Answer: Doctrine of double effect
Rationale: The doctrine of double effect permits actions with both good
and unintended harmful outcomes, provided the intention is morally
sound, such as pain relief.
,3. Which theory focuses on the consequences of actions to determine moral
rightness?
A. Deontology
B. Virtue ethics
C. Utilitarianism
D. Care ethics
✔ Correct Answer: Utilitarianism
Rationale: Utilitarianism evaluates actions based on outcomes, aiming to
produce the greatest good for the greatest number.
4. A nurse tells a patient the full truth about a serious diagnosis despite family
requests to withhold it. Which principle is demonstrated?
A. Veracity
B. Fidelity
C. Justice
D. Beneficence
✔ Correct Answer: Veracity
Rationale: Veracity involves truth-telling and honesty in patient
communication, supporting informed decision-making.
5. A policy ensures equal access to healthcare services regardless of income.
Which principle is applied?
A. Autonomy
B. Justice
C. Nonmaleficence
D. Fidelity
✔ Correct Answer: Justice
Rationale: Justice focuses on fair distribution of resources and equitable
treatment across populations.
6. A nurse advocates for a patient whose wishes are being ignored by the
healthcare team. What role is the nurse fulfilling?
A. Caregiver
B. Educator
, C. Advocate
D. Manager
✔ Correct Answer: Advocate
Rationale: Advocacy involves protecting the patient’s rights and
preferences, especially when they are vulnerable.
7. A patient signs a surgical consent form without understanding the risks.
What ethical issue is present?
A. Breach of confidentiality
B. Lack of informed consent
C. Violation of fidelity
D. Therapeutic privilege
✔ Correct Answer: Lack of informed consent
Rationale: Informed consent requires adequate understanding of risks,
benefits, and alternatives before agreement.
8. A nurse refuses to participate in a procedure that conflicts with personal
moral beliefs. This reflects:
A. Moral distress
B. Moral courage
C. Moral uncertainty
D. Ethical dilemma
✔ Correct Answer: Moral courage
Rationale: Moral courage involves acting according to ethical beliefs
despite potential consequences.
9. Which concept refers to doing good for the patient?
A. Autonomy
B. Beneficence
C. Justice
D. Fidelity
✔ Correct Answer: Beneficence
Rationale: Beneficence is the duty to promote good and act in the
patient’s best interest.
