QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔secondary prevention of infection and injury - ✔✔• Hearing screening
• Vision screening
• Body mass index screening
• Blood pressure screening
• Depression screening
• Substance abuse screening
• Blood lipid screening
• Cognitive function screening
• Functional assessment screening
• Cancer screenings (e.g., breast, colon, prostate, skin, oral)
✔✔tertiary prevention of infection and injury - ✔✔• Chronic disease management
• Obesity management
• Nutrition counseling
• Physical activity
✔✔immunization in older adults - ✔✔-influenza (yearly)
-shingles (Herpes Zoster) (once)
-diphtheria (Tdap)
-pertussis (whooping cough)
-tetanus
, -pneumococcal disease (Pneumonia)- after 65 or earlier to immunocompromised
✔✔elderly and medication safety - ✔✔specical considerations:
-systems are not as efficient
-must be careful with knowledge of OTC meds (blood thinner vs aspirin vs fish oils-
combinations can be dangerous, doctor should know about any OTC'S for this reason)
-everything should be taken as ordered
-polypharmacy- multiple pharmacies for medication pick up can cause someone to be
on too many or inappropriate medications
✔✔adherence and nonadherence to medications - ✔✔-education is the most important
part of this
-elderly will only absorb so much info at a time, give them a little info and add more at
another time
-insurance and expense on medication is a major factor. even with good insurances
patients may be pending a lot of money on them
-does the patient have enough knowledge on the therapeutic effect of their medication?
(what is this medication supposed to do for them?)
✔✔special considerations in health teaching - ✔✔-have patient's senses be as sharp as
possible (clean glasses, functional hearing aids in place)
-speak in tones patient can hear (high pitches are harder for them to hear)
-face patient when speaking
-treat patient with respect
-use large print and bright colors in teaching aids
-review all meds at each visit
-encourage a simple dosing schedule
-with onset of confusion of disorientation, suspect recently prescribed medications
-encourage the patient to report if the new drug is not improving the condition for which
it was prescribed.
✔✔tips for dealing with caregiver stress - ✔✔advise caregivers to:
-accept help from others
-join a support group or attend caregiver classes offered by organizations such as
American Red Cross or Alzheimer Association local chapters
-use community resources such as respite care services or adult day care
-commit to keeping healthy, set personal goals as well as see your doctor for
updates/screenings and immunizations
-avoid feelings of guilt
-focus on what you are able to provide
-set realistic goals
-communicate with lawmakers and officials for information on policies that relieve
financial burdens
✔✔ethical and legal issues in nursing homes - ✔✔-Nursing Home Resident's Bill of
Rights: federal law requiring all long term care facilities to have a procedure in place