NURS 1015 UPDATED FINAL MAIN EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Older Adult Interview Techniques - ✔✔-sit or stand at eye level, in front of the
patient in full view
-face the older adult while speaking; do not cover your mouth and speak clearly
-provide diffuse, bright, nonglare lighting
-encourage the older adult to use his or her familiar assistive devices such as glasses or
magnifiers
-do not make it seem like an imbalance of power
-elderly usually need 3x the amount of lighting younger adults do
✔✔assessment for elderly - ✔✔-use caution when interpreting signs and symptoms of
disease and lab values
-it is important to recognize early indicators of an acute illness in older adults
-some mental changes are often drug related, caused by drug toxicity or adverse drug
events
-many conditions are common causes of functional decline; thus nurses are essential in
early identification, referral, and treatment of health problems in older adults
✔✔physiological changes in older adults - ✔✔-perception of well being defines quality
of life
-older patients' concept of health revolves around how they perceive their ability to
function
,-nurses need to be cognizant of normal age related changes
-not all physiological changes are pathological
✔✔Functional changes in older adults - ✔✔Functional status in older adults includes the
day-to-day activities of daily living (ADLs) involving activities within physical,
psychological, cognitive, and social domains.
-Changes are usually linked to illness or to disease and degree of chronicity.
-Performance of ADLs is a sensitive indicator of health or illness.
-Occupational and physical therapists are your best resources for a comprehensive
assessment.
✔✔Psychosocial changes in older adults - ✔✔Life transitions such as retirement, social
isolation, sexuality, environment, and death
✔✔Older Adults and the Acute Care Setting - ✔✔Acute care settings pose risks for
adverse events:
Delirium
Dehydration
Malnutrition
Health care-associated infections
Urinary incontinence
Falls
✔✔Older Adults and Restorative Care - ✔✔Types of ongoing care:
-Continues recovery from acute illness
-Addresses chronic conditions that affect daily functioning
Goal
-To regain or improve prior level of independence, ADLs, instrumental activities of daily
living (IADLs)
✔✔Erikson's Psychosocial Theory - ✔✔stage theory of psychosocial development,
lifespan consists of eight dilemmas that must be solved correctly in order to solve the
next dilemma
✔✔Peck's Psychosocial Tasks of Later Adulthood - ✔✔Ego Differentiation Versus
Work-Role Preoccupation
Re-define self-worth
Body Transcendence Versus Body Preoccupation
Not succumbing to aches,
pains, disabilities
Ego Transcendence Versus Ego
Preoccupation
Come to terms with mortality
, ✔✔lifespan/life course development - ✔✔as we age, we develop heat disease causing
arteries to narrow. the body has a way of recognizing this and will create collateral
circulation, which can also happen in similar situations in regards to the brain (such as
with stroke patients)
✔✔Healthy People 2020 - ✔✔-increase health promotion in elders of both genders
-increase proportion of confident elders in managing their chronic health conditions
(advocate for them until they can advocate for themselves)
-decrease functional limitations
-increase physical activity in all elders, including those with physical or cognitive decline
-increase health care professionals specifically knowledgable in geriatric care
✔✔Educating Older Adults - ✔✔-Inadequate health literacy disproportionately affects
older adults in the United States, causing misunderstanding of health information and
subsequent nonadherence.
-Nurses must use more than words when teaching older adults (anything said or given
to a patient should be written in a 6th grade level or less)
-Assist in selecting, understanding, and using health-related information about
medications (reiterate to ensure understanding)
✔✔health promotion and maintenance - ✔✔-in order to increase the desire for older
adults to participate in health promotion, use an INDIVIDUALIZED APPROACH, taking
into account:
-persons beliefs about the importance of staying healthy and remaining independent
-limitations in ADL'S which limit the ability to live independently
-most older adults want to remain independent and prevent disability
✔✔physiological concerns- heart disease - ✔✔-top leading cause of death in elderly
-hypertension and coronary artery disease are most common
-how can we promote better health to prevent this? weight reduction, exercise, dietary
changes, stress management, smoking cessation, patient teaching about meds and
symptoms
✔✔physiological concerns- cancer - ✔✔-2nd leading cause of death in elderly
-how can we promote better health to prevent? early detection of abnormalities (non
healing skin lesions, unexpected bleeding, change in bowel habits, nagging cough,
lump in body, difficulty swallowing, unexplained weight loss)
✔✔physiological concerns- chronic lung disease - ✔✔-3rd leading cause of death in
elderly
-COPD, help exercise, stop smoking
✔✔physiological concerns- stroke - ✔✔-4th leading cause of death in elderly
-untreated or poorly treated HTN is the number one risk for stroke
-it is important to teach family members for warning signs
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Older Adult Interview Techniques - ✔✔-sit or stand at eye level, in front of the
patient in full view
-face the older adult while speaking; do not cover your mouth and speak clearly
-provide diffuse, bright, nonglare lighting
-encourage the older adult to use his or her familiar assistive devices such as glasses or
magnifiers
-do not make it seem like an imbalance of power
-elderly usually need 3x the amount of lighting younger adults do
✔✔assessment for elderly - ✔✔-use caution when interpreting signs and symptoms of
disease and lab values
-it is important to recognize early indicators of an acute illness in older adults
-some mental changes are often drug related, caused by drug toxicity or adverse drug
events
-many conditions are common causes of functional decline; thus nurses are essential in
early identification, referral, and treatment of health problems in older adults
✔✔physiological changes in older adults - ✔✔-perception of well being defines quality
of life
-older patients' concept of health revolves around how they perceive their ability to
function
,-nurses need to be cognizant of normal age related changes
-not all physiological changes are pathological
✔✔Functional changes in older adults - ✔✔Functional status in older adults includes the
day-to-day activities of daily living (ADLs) involving activities within physical,
psychological, cognitive, and social domains.
-Changes are usually linked to illness or to disease and degree of chronicity.
-Performance of ADLs is a sensitive indicator of health or illness.
-Occupational and physical therapists are your best resources for a comprehensive
assessment.
✔✔Psychosocial changes in older adults - ✔✔Life transitions such as retirement, social
isolation, sexuality, environment, and death
✔✔Older Adults and the Acute Care Setting - ✔✔Acute care settings pose risks for
adverse events:
Delirium
Dehydration
Malnutrition
Health care-associated infections
Urinary incontinence
Falls
✔✔Older Adults and Restorative Care - ✔✔Types of ongoing care:
-Continues recovery from acute illness
-Addresses chronic conditions that affect daily functioning
Goal
-To regain or improve prior level of independence, ADLs, instrumental activities of daily
living (IADLs)
✔✔Erikson's Psychosocial Theory - ✔✔stage theory of psychosocial development,
lifespan consists of eight dilemmas that must be solved correctly in order to solve the
next dilemma
✔✔Peck's Psychosocial Tasks of Later Adulthood - ✔✔Ego Differentiation Versus
Work-Role Preoccupation
Re-define self-worth
Body Transcendence Versus Body Preoccupation
Not succumbing to aches,
pains, disabilities
Ego Transcendence Versus Ego
Preoccupation
Come to terms with mortality
, ✔✔lifespan/life course development - ✔✔as we age, we develop heat disease causing
arteries to narrow. the body has a way of recognizing this and will create collateral
circulation, which can also happen in similar situations in regards to the brain (such as
with stroke patients)
✔✔Healthy People 2020 - ✔✔-increase health promotion in elders of both genders
-increase proportion of confident elders in managing their chronic health conditions
(advocate for them until they can advocate for themselves)
-decrease functional limitations
-increase physical activity in all elders, including those with physical or cognitive decline
-increase health care professionals specifically knowledgable in geriatric care
✔✔Educating Older Adults - ✔✔-Inadequate health literacy disproportionately affects
older adults in the United States, causing misunderstanding of health information and
subsequent nonadherence.
-Nurses must use more than words when teaching older adults (anything said or given
to a patient should be written in a 6th grade level or less)
-Assist in selecting, understanding, and using health-related information about
medications (reiterate to ensure understanding)
✔✔health promotion and maintenance - ✔✔-in order to increase the desire for older
adults to participate in health promotion, use an INDIVIDUALIZED APPROACH, taking
into account:
-persons beliefs about the importance of staying healthy and remaining independent
-limitations in ADL'S which limit the ability to live independently
-most older adults want to remain independent and prevent disability
✔✔physiological concerns- heart disease - ✔✔-top leading cause of death in elderly
-hypertension and coronary artery disease are most common
-how can we promote better health to prevent this? weight reduction, exercise, dietary
changes, stress management, smoking cessation, patient teaching about meds and
symptoms
✔✔physiological concerns- cancer - ✔✔-2nd leading cause of death in elderly
-how can we promote better health to prevent? early detection of abnormalities (non
healing skin lesions, unexpected bleeding, change in bowel habits, nagging cough,
lump in body, difficulty swallowing, unexplained weight loss)
✔✔physiological concerns- chronic lung disease - ✔✔-3rd leading cause of death in
elderly
-COPD, help exercise, stop smoking
✔✔physiological concerns- stroke - ✔✔-4th leading cause of death in elderly
-untreated or poorly treated HTN is the number one risk for stroke
-it is important to teach family members for warning signs
