PSY 357 QUIZZES FOR EXAM 2
QUESTIONS COMPLETE WITH 100%
CORRECT ANSWERS
\.A researcher decides to conduct an experiment similar to Neisser's (1964) visual
search study, presenting "Z"'s in arrays containing two types of distracter objects.
In one array, there are letters such as "O"s and "G"s. In the other array, there are
letters such as "E"s and "X"s. Which of the following patterns of results would
suggest that letter perception is bottom-up and feature-based?
a. Faster detection of Zs in arrays of E's and X's
b. Slower detection of Z's in arrays of E's and X's
c. Slower detection of Z's in arrays of O's and G's
d. Equally fast detection in either array type - ANSWERS-b
\.Along with experience, readers become more:
a. efficient in extracting information from text with fewer eye movements
b. careful in fixating every word
c. careless by needing to regress more often to previous words
d. rapid in their reading, but extract less information from the text - ANSWERS-a
,\.Although the perceptual spans of both English speakers and Hebrew speakers
are asymmetrical, they are not asymmetrical in the same direction. For English
speakers, perceptual span is larger to the right side of the current fixation point,
and for Hebrew speakers, it is larger to the left side. Why is that?
a. speakers of English tend to drive and walk on the right; speakers of Hebrew
tend to drive and walk on the left
b. speakers of Hebrew focus more on the past than speakers of English
c. due to differences in the direction in which each language is written and read,
attention moves further to the right while reading English, and further to the left
while reading Hebrew
d. English is read from right to left, and Hebrew is read from left to right -
ANSWERS-c
\.Dr. Werdnurd has designed an experiment in the following way: In both
conditions, the subjects' objective is to identify a letter briefly presented at a
specific location on a computer screen. In the "word string" condition, the letter,
for example "r", is presented as part of a meaningful word, like "work". In the
"isolated" condition, the "r" is presented in isolation at the same position on the
screen. If he measured accuracy in percent, which of the following patterns of
results would likely be obtained?
a. Word string: 80%; Isolation: 90%
b. Word string: 80%; Isolation: 60%
c. Word string: 50%; Isolation: 50%
d. Word string: 100%; Isolation: 100% - ANSWERS-b
, \.Keith wants to know how much information is perceptually available to people
reading English. To test this so-called "perceptual span", he uses a technique in
which people's eyes are tracked as they read passages of text. Which of the
following must he do to test the size of perceptual span?
a. manipulate the size of the font presented to participants
b. manipulate the color of the font present to participants
c. only make a small amount of letter information available outside a window that
moves along with participants' fixations; inside of that window of fixation, letters
are replaced with X's
d. only make a small amount of letter information available within a window that
moves along with participants' fixations; outside of that window of fixation, letters
are replaced with X's - ANSWERS-d
\.The Word Superiority effect shows that participants are better at recognizing
letters when they are presented in the context of a word than when they are
presented in isolation or as part of a nonsense word. Thus, it presents an excellent
example of a(n) ________ effect in reading. - ANSWERS-top down effect
\.When Maria pronounces irregular words such as "laughter" correctly, it's
because she is able to
a. store that pronunciation in memory, and access it via the lexical route
b. store that pronunciation in memory, and access it via the sublexical route
c. use phonemic rules to sound it out via the lexical route
d. use phonemic rules to sound it out via the sublexical route - ANSWERS-a
QUESTIONS COMPLETE WITH 100%
CORRECT ANSWERS
\.A researcher decides to conduct an experiment similar to Neisser's (1964) visual
search study, presenting "Z"'s in arrays containing two types of distracter objects.
In one array, there are letters such as "O"s and "G"s. In the other array, there are
letters such as "E"s and "X"s. Which of the following patterns of results would
suggest that letter perception is bottom-up and feature-based?
a. Faster detection of Zs in arrays of E's and X's
b. Slower detection of Z's in arrays of E's and X's
c. Slower detection of Z's in arrays of O's and G's
d. Equally fast detection in either array type - ANSWERS-b
\.Along with experience, readers become more:
a. efficient in extracting information from text with fewer eye movements
b. careful in fixating every word
c. careless by needing to regress more often to previous words
d. rapid in their reading, but extract less information from the text - ANSWERS-a
,\.Although the perceptual spans of both English speakers and Hebrew speakers
are asymmetrical, they are not asymmetrical in the same direction. For English
speakers, perceptual span is larger to the right side of the current fixation point,
and for Hebrew speakers, it is larger to the left side. Why is that?
a. speakers of English tend to drive and walk on the right; speakers of Hebrew
tend to drive and walk on the left
b. speakers of Hebrew focus more on the past than speakers of English
c. due to differences in the direction in which each language is written and read,
attention moves further to the right while reading English, and further to the left
while reading Hebrew
d. English is read from right to left, and Hebrew is read from left to right -
ANSWERS-c
\.Dr. Werdnurd has designed an experiment in the following way: In both
conditions, the subjects' objective is to identify a letter briefly presented at a
specific location on a computer screen. In the "word string" condition, the letter,
for example "r", is presented as part of a meaningful word, like "work". In the
"isolated" condition, the "r" is presented in isolation at the same position on the
screen. If he measured accuracy in percent, which of the following patterns of
results would likely be obtained?
a. Word string: 80%; Isolation: 90%
b. Word string: 80%; Isolation: 60%
c. Word string: 50%; Isolation: 50%
d. Word string: 100%; Isolation: 100% - ANSWERS-b
, \.Keith wants to know how much information is perceptually available to people
reading English. To test this so-called "perceptual span", he uses a technique in
which people's eyes are tracked as they read passages of text. Which of the
following must he do to test the size of perceptual span?
a. manipulate the size of the font presented to participants
b. manipulate the color of the font present to participants
c. only make a small amount of letter information available outside a window that
moves along with participants' fixations; inside of that window of fixation, letters
are replaced with X's
d. only make a small amount of letter information available within a window that
moves along with participants' fixations; outside of that window of fixation, letters
are replaced with X's - ANSWERS-d
\.The Word Superiority effect shows that participants are better at recognizing
letters when they are presented in the context of a word than when they are
presented in isolation or as part of a nonsense word. Thus, it presents an excellent
example of a(n) ________ effect in reading. - ANSWERS-top down effect
\.When Maria pronounces irregular words such as "laughter" correctly, it's
because she is able to
a. store that pronunciation in memory, and access it via the lexical route
b. store that pronunciation in memory, and access it via the sublexical route
c. use phonemic rules to sound it out via the lexical route
d. use phonemic rules to sound it out via the sublexical route - ANSWERS-a
