PALS QUIZ 2
Lab Values
HR: 60-100BPM
Stroke volume: Refers to the volume of blood pumped from the left
ventricle per beat.
Stroke volume is calculated using measurements of ventricle volumes
from an echocardiogram and subtracting the volume of the blood in the
ventricle at the end of a beat (called end-systolic volume) from the volume of
blood just prior to the beat (called end-diastolic volume). End-Systolic
volume – end-Diastolic
volume, volume ejected w each heartbeat, SV: amount of blood pumped from
left
ventricle per beat
Heart rate: contraction of heart in a min 60-100
HF is indicated: w dyspnea, elevated hBNP
hBNP <100=no HF, 100-300 HF is present, >300mild HF, >600 moderate
HF,
>900 severe HF
quiz1; hypokalemia can cause shallow respiration, dyspnea
Q 2. Pt with HF, refused to eat and complaining of her nausea and
vomiting.
What do you do first? Assess vitals
Nursing care for HF pt: 10
Monitor weight and I&O
Assess vital signs: BP, SO2
High fowler position
Rest until pt is stable
, Check ABG and electrolytes> potassium if use diuretics
, Conserve energy during care and ADLs
Emotional support
Admin prescribed O2/ 2L
Assess med toxicity> digoxin toxicity:
Maintain dietary restriction fluid and sodium restriction
Right sided HF Cause:
o inadequate right cardiac output
o systemic venous congestion
o peripheral edema
Risk factors RHF
o Left sided HF
o Right ventricular MI
Pulmonary problems > COPD & pulmonary fibrosis
Expected findings: Q 3select all
JVD,
Ascending dependent edema (leg, ankle, sacrum),
Weight gain
Tachypnea due to respiratory distress,
Persistent cough,
Orthopnea
Polyuria at rest nocturia,
Abnormal abdominal distension (ascites)
, nausea, anorexia,
fatigue, weakness,
hepatomegaly: liver enlargement and tenderness
cause:
pulmonary congestion: dyspnea, cough, bibasilar crackle. Q4
o Frothy sputum > blood tinged
o Altered mental status
Symptoms of Organ failure such as oliguria
Cardiogenic shock:
Serious complication of pump failure
o After heart attack
o Often fetal if it is not treated immediately
following MI
injury to greater than 40% of left ventricle
Findings:
o Tachycardia,
o hypotension,
inadequate urinary output,
altered level of consciousness,
o respiratory distress,
o crackle,
Lab Values
HR: 60-100BPM
Stroke volume: Refers to the volume of blood pumped from the left
ventricle per beat.
Stroke volume is calculated using measurements of ventricle volumes
from an echocardiogram and subtracting the volume of the blood in the
ventricle at the end of a beat (called end-systolic volume) from the volume of
blood just prior to the beat (called end-diastolic volume). End-Systolic
volume – end-Diastolic
volume, volume ejected w each heartbeat, SV: amount of blood pumped from
left
ventricle per beat
Heart rate: contraction of heart in a min 60-100
HF is indicated: w dyspnea, elevated hBNP
hBNP <100=no HF, 100-300 HF is present, >300mild HF, >600 moderate
HF,
>900 severe HF
quiz1; hypokalemia can cause shallow respiration, dyspnea
Q 2. Pt with HF, refused to eat and complaining of her nausea and
vomiting.
What do you do first? Assess vitals
Nursing care for HF pt: 10
Monitor weight and I&O
Assess vital signs: BP, SO2
High fowler position
Rest until pt is stable
, Check ABG and electrolytes> potassium if use diuretics
, Conserve energy during care and ADLs
Emotional support
Admin prescribed O2/ 2L
Assess med toxicity> digoxin toxicity:
Maintain dietary restriction fluid and sodium restriction
Right sided HF Cause:
o inadequate right cardiac output
o systemic venous congestion
o peripheral edema
Risk factors RHF
o Left sided HF
o Right ventricular MI
Pulmonary problems > COPD & pulmonary fibrosis
Expected findings: Q 3select all
JVD,
Ascending dependent edema (leg, ankle, sacrum),
Weight gain
Tachypnea due to respiratory distress,
Persistent cough,
Orthopnea
Polyuria at rest nocturia,
Abnormal abdominal distension (ascites)
, nausea, anorexia,
fatigue, weakness,
hepatomegaly: liver enlargement and tenderness
cause:
pulmonary congestion: dyspnea, cough, bibasilar crackle. Q4
o Frothy sputum > blood tinged
o Altered mental status
Symptoms of Organ failure such as oliguria
Cardiogenic shock:
Serious complication of pump failure
o After heart attack
o Often fetal if it is not treated immediately
following MI
injury to greater than 40% of left ventricle
Findings:
o Tachycardia,
o hypotension,
inadequate urinary output,
altered level of consciousness,
o respiratory distress,
o crackle,
