True fungal infection (including Aspergillus)
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“Fungi” and “fungi-like organisms” (See also Mycotic Diseases of Fish) can
affect aquaculture species. A number of these pathogens, previously
lumped together as “fungi” based on similarity in morphology and
saprophytic lifestyle, are unrelated taxonomically. The more common
“water molds,” including Saprolegnia and Aphanomyces, are not true fungi
but members of the Oomycota (Oomycetes). This distinction is important,
because a more precise understanding of the biology of each group
should lead to more targeted, effective management and chemotherapy.
Another true pigmented fungus, Veronaea botryosa, has been identified
and described as the cause of a phaeohyphomycosis in aquacultured white
sturgeon and Siberian sturgeon. Affected fish had one or more of the
following clinical signs: abnormal orientation, buoyancy control problems,
coelomic distention, reddening of the skin, emaciation, and ulceration of
the skin or eye. Internal pathology included hemorrhages throughout the
coelom, the presence of serosanguineous fluid, and organomegaly with
nodules or cysts in multiple organs. Wet mounts of affected tissues often
revealed presence of fungal hyphae, and positive confirmation was based
on culture characteristics and identification by PCR assay. The disease
, appears to be linked to environmental stressors that may include
temperature.
In general, systemic fungal infections in aquacultured species do not
respond well to treatments. External infections of Saprolegnia may require
environmental/handling modifications in addition to chemotherapy. For
food fish use, specific commercial formalin and hydrogen peroxide
products are FDA approved for use against fungus on fish eggs. Use of
these products on other life stages is extra-label and requires veterinary
oversight.
Ammonia Management
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Ammonium → nitrosomonas → nitrites → nitrospira →
nitrates
Trauma
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Triage like any other species, attend to life-threatening conditions first and
then address other issues going on
Hyposalinity/Hypersalinity
Give this one a try later!
Give this one a try later!
“Fungi” and “fungi-like organisms” (See also Mycotic Diseases of Fish) can
affect aquaculture species. A number of these pathogens, previously
lumped together as “fungi” based on similarity in morphology and
saprophytic lifestyle, are unrelated taxonomically. The more common
“water molds,” including Saprolegnia and Aphanomyces, are not true fungi
but members of the Oomycota (Oomycetes). This distinction is important,
because a more precise understanding of the biology of each group
should lead to more targeted, effective management and chemotherapy.
Another true pigmented fungus, Veronaea botryosa, has been identified
and described as the cause of a phaeohyphomycosis in aquacultured white
sturgeon and Siberian sturgeon. Affected fish had one or more of the
following clinical signs: abnormal orientation, buoyancy control problems,
coelomic distention, reddening of the skin, emaciation, and ulceration of
the skin or eye. Internal pathology included hemorrhages throughout the
coelom, the presence of serosanguineous fluid, and organomegaly with
nodules or cysts in multiple organs. Wet mounts of affected tissues often
revealed presence of fungal hyphae, and positive confirmation was based
on culture characteristics and identification by PCR assay. The disease
, appears to be linked to environmental stressors that may include
temperature.
In general, systemic fungal infections in aquacultured species do not
respond well to treatments. External infections of Saprolegnia may require
environmental/handling modifications in addition to chemotherapy. For
food fish use, specific commercial formalin and hydrogen peroxide
products are FDA approved for use against fungus on fish eggs. Use of
these products on other life stages is extra-label and requires veterinary
oversight.
Ammonia Management
Give this one a try later!
Ammonium → nitrosomonas → nitrites → nitrospira →
nitrates
Trauma
Give this one a try later!
Triage like any other species, attend to life-threatening conditions first and
then address other issues going on
Hyposalinity/Hypersalinity
Give this one a try later!
