BIOLOGY 150 UPDATED EXAMS SCRIPT ALL
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Uracil for what nucleic acid? - ✔✔RNA
✔✔Thymine for what nucleic acid? - ✔✔DNA
✔✔How are G-C and A-T connected? - ✔✔Hydrogen bonds
✔✔What nucleic acid is double stranded? - ✔✔DNA
✔✔What nucleic acod is single stranded? - ✔✔RNA
✔✔Nucleotides - ✔✔Monomers that make up nucleic acids
✔✔Carbohydrate made up of? - ✔✔-monosaccharides
-oligosaccharidss
-polysaccharides
✔✔What form are sugars found in? - ✔✔Linear/ring
✔✔Carbohydrates (do 3 things) - ✔✔-structure
-cell identity:separate bodies
, -energy: starch/glycogen
✔✔Cellulose - ✔✔Major conponent of cell wall- support
✔✔Chitin - ✔✔A plysaccharide that stiffens the cell walls of fungi
✔✔Peptidoglycan - ✔✔Structural conponent of bacterial cell walls
✔✔Starch - ✔✔Energy for plants through photosynthesis
✔✔Glycogen - ✔✔Energy mammals recieve from wnergy stored in muscle or liver
tissue
✔✔Role of carbohydrates - ✔✔Help synthesize more-complex molecules, precursors to
larger molecules, provide fibrous structural naterials to cells, cell identity, store chemical
energy
✔✔Fats - ✔✔Store energy in organisms
✔✔Structure of fats - ✔✔Glycerol + 3 fatty acids
✔✔Phospholipids - ✔✔Membrane stability (hydrophobic and hydrophilic)
✔✔Steroids - ✔✔Lipids, 4-ring structure, cell signaling (estrogen, testosterone)
✔✔Fatty acid - ✔✔Key buildong blocks of important lipids found in organisms
✔✔Saturated fat - ✔✔Single bond between carbons
✔✔Unsaturated fat - ✔✔1+ double bonds in hydrocarbom chains
✔✔Diffusion - ✔✔Movement of ipns of high concentration to low concentration
✔✔Passive transport - ✔✔When substances diffuse accross a membrane in absence kf
an outside wnergy source
✔✔Osmosis - ✔✔Diffusion of water accrpss a membrane
✔✔Hypertonic - ✔✔Solution outside the membrane higher concentration of solutes than
interior, water moves out of vesicle to outside solution
✔✔Hypotonic - ✔✔Solition outsode the membrane has lower concentration of solutes
than interior, water moves into vesicle bia osmosis
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Uracil for what nucleic acid? - ✔✔RNA
✔✔Thymine for what nucleic acid? - ✔✔DNA
✔✔How are G-C and A-T connected? - ✔✔Hydrogen bonds
✔✔What nucleic acid is double stranded? - ✔✔DNA
✔✔What nucleic acod is single stranded? - ✔✔RNA
✔✔Nucleotides - ✔✔Monomers that make up nucleic acids
✔✔Carbohydrate made up of? - ✔✔-monosaccharides
-oligosaccharidss
-polysaccharides
✔✔What form are sugars found in? - ✔✔Linear/ring
✔✔Carbohydrates (do 3 things) - ✔✔-structure
-cell identity:separate bodies
, -energy: starch/glycogen
✔✔Cellulose - ✔✔Major conponent of cell wall- support
✔✔Chitin - ✔✔A plysaccharide that stiffens the cell walls of fungi
✔✔Peptidoglycan - ✔✔Structural conponent of bacterial cell walls
✔✔Starch - ✔✔Energy for plants through photosynthesis
✔✔Glycogen - ✔✔Energy mammals recieve from wnergy stored in muscle or liver
tissue
✔✔Role of carbohydrates - ✔✔Help synthesize more-complex molecules, precursors to
larger molecules, provide fibrous structural naterials to cells, cell identity, store chemical
energy
✔✔Fats - ✔✔Store energy in organisms
✔✔Structure of fats - ✔✔Glycerol + 3 fatty acids
✔✔Phospholipids - ✔✔Membrane stability (hydrophobic and hydrophilic)
✔✔Steroids - ✔✔Lipids, 4-ring structure, cell signaling (estrogen, testosterone)
✔✔Fatty acid - ✔✔Key buildong blocks of important lipids found in organisms
✔✔Saturated fat - ✔✔Single bond between carbons
✔✔Unsaturated fat - ✔✔1+ double bonds in hydrocarbom chains
✔✔Diffusion - ✔✔Movement of ipns of high concentration to low concentration
✔✔Passive transport - ✔✔When substances diffuse accross a membrane in absence kf
an outside wnergy source
✔✔Osmosis - ✔✔Diffusion of water accrpss a membrane
✔✔Hypertonic - ✔✔Solution outside the membrane higher concentration of solutes than
interior, water moves out of vesicle to outside solution
✔✔Hypotonic - ✔✔Solition outsode the membrane has lower concentration of solutes
than interior, water moves into vesicle bia osmosis
