Oxford Cambridge and RSA
Wednesday 15 May 2024 – Morning
GCSE (9–1) History A (Explaining the Modern World)
J410/02 International Relations: the changing international order
1918–1975 with Germany 1925–1955: The People and the State
Time allowed: 1 hour 45 minutes
* 9 9 4 0 7 0 5 3 4 0 *
You must have:
• the OCR 12-page Answer Booklet
INSTRUCTIONS
• Use black ink.
• Write your answer to each question in the Answer Booklet. The question numbers must
be clearly shown.
• Fill in the boxes on the front of the Answer Booklet.
• Answer all the questions.
INFORMATION
• The total mark for this paper is 105.
• The marks for each question are shown in brackets [ ].
• Quality of extended response will be assessed in questions marked with an asterisk (*).
• Spelling, punctuation and grammar (SPaG) and the use of specialist terminology will be
assessed in questions marked with a pencil ().
• This document has 8 pages.
ADVICE
• Read each question carefully before you start your answer.
© OCR 2024 [601/8091/2] OCR is an exempt Charity
DC (ST) 319599/6 Turn over
, 2
Section A
International Relations: the changing international order 1918–1975
You should spend about 1 hour on this section.
1 Outline the main disagreements between the leaders of the Allied powers at the Yalta and/or
Potsdam conference(s). [5]
2 Explain why Germany was unhappy with the terms of the Treaty of Versailles. [10]
3 Study Interpretation A.
Do you think this interpretation is a fair comment on the British policy of appeasement?
Use other interpretations of the events of 1937–1939 and your knowledge to support your
answer. [25]
Interpretation A
From ‘Europe since Napoleon’ by David Thomson, first published in 1957.
Chamberlain’s policy of appeasement was based on a completely mistaken theory that
Hitler’s aims were limited to reversing the wrongs which Hitler said had been done to
Germany in 1919. Chamberlain believed Hitler had legitimate grievances and that Germany
had had a raw deal. He believed that if they gave in to some of Hitler’s demands, the German
leader would settle down peacefully. At the same time, Chamberlain wanted a programme of
rearmament, to remove any temptation for Hitler to ask for more. His basic mistake was to
think that someone as fanatical as Hitler had only limited aims.
© OCR 2024 J410/02 Jun24
, 3
4 Study Interpretation B.
Explain why not all historians and commentators have agreed with this interpretation.
Use other interpretations and your knowledge to support your answer. [20]
() Spelling, punctuation and grammar and the use of specialist terminology [5]
Interpretation B
From ‘The Roots of European Security’ by Soviet historian Vadim Nekrasov, published in 1984.
At the end of the Second World War, the United States believed that it had become the
undisputed leader of the world. Its leaders deliberately tried to make relations with the USSR
worse. The formation of NATO in April 1949 was clearly aimed at preparing for war against
the USSR. The United States planned to use NATO to place air bases in Europe, from
where air strikes could be made on Moscow. But the USSR did not give up on its hopes
for cooperation. Its leaders made every effort to prevent the world from being split into two
opposing military-political groupings.
Turn over for Section B
© OCR 2024 J410/02 Jun24 Turn over
, 4
Section B
Germany 1925–1955: The People and the State
You should spend about 45 minutes on this section.
5 Describe one way in which the Nazis used propaganda after they achieved power. [2]
6 Explain how the Second World War affected German civilians (Germans who weren’t fighting).
[10]
7 Study Sources A and B.
Is one source more reliable than the other about why Hitler became Chancellor in 1933? [10]
Source A
An extract from a Nazi leaflet published in Germany in 1929 and then reissued in 1932.
© research.calvin.edu, Calvin University. Item removed due to third party copyright restrictions. Link to Material - https://research.calvin.edu/german-propaganda-archive/haken32.htm
Source B
An extract from notes written in 1935 by the ex-commander of the German army, General von
Hammerstein. Hammerstein was a known anti-Nazi and resigned from his position of commander
of the army in 1934.
© John Traynor, Mastering Modern German History 1864-1990 (Macmillan Master Series, 23), p.172, Palgrave Macmillan, 2007. Item removed due to third party copyright restrictions.
© OCR 2024 J410/02 Jun24
Wednesday 15 May 2024 – Morning
GCSE (9–1) History A (Explaining the Modern World)
J410/02 International Relations: the changing international order
1918–1975 with Germany 1925–1955: The People and the State
Time allowed: 1 hour 45 minutes
* 9 9 4 0 7 0 5 3 4 0 *
You must have:
• the OCR 12-page Answer Booklet
INSTRUCTIONS
• Use black ink.
• Write your answer to each question in the Answer Booklet. The question numbers must
be clearly shown.
• Fill in the boxes on the front of the Answer Booklet.
• Answer all the questions.
INFORMATION
• The total mark for this paper is 105.
• The marks for each question are shown in brackets [ ].
• Quality of extended response will be assessed in questions marked with an asterisk (*).
• Spelling, punctuation and grammar (SPaG) and the use of specialist terminology will be
assessed in questions marked with a pencil ().
• This document has 8 pages.
ADVICE
• Read each question carefully before you start your answer.
© OCR 2024 [601/8091/2] OCR is an exempt Charity
DC (ST) 319599/6 Turn over
, 2
Section A
International Relations: the changing international order 1918–1975
You should spend about 1 hour on this section.
1 Outline the main disagreements between the leaders of the Allied powers at the Yalta and/or
Potsdam conference(s). [5]
2 Explain why Germany was unhappy with the terms of the Treaty of Versailles. [10]
3 Study Interpretation A.
Do you think this interpretation is a fair comment on the British policy of appeasement?
Use other interpretations of the events of 1937–1939 and your knowledge to support your
answer. [25]
Interpretation A
From ‘Europe since Napoleon’ by David Thomson, first published in 1957.
Chamberlain’s policy of appeasement was based on a completely mistaken theory that
Hitler’s aims were limited to reversing the wrongs which Hitler said had been done to
Germany in 1919. Chamberlain believed Hitler had legitimate grievances and that Germany
had had a raw deal. He believed that if they gave in to some of Hitler’s demands, the German
leader would settle down peacefully. At the same time, Chamberlain wanted a programme of
rearmament, to remove any temptation for Hitler to ask for more. His basic mistake was to
think that someone as fanatical as Hitler had only limited aims.
© OCR 2024 J410/02 Jun24
, 3
4 Study Interpretation B.
Explain why not all historians and commentators have agreed with this interpretation.
Use other interpretations and your knowledge to support your answer. [20]
() Spelling, punctuation and grammar and the use of specialist terminology [5]
Interpretation B
From ‘The Roots of European Security’ by Soviet historian Vadim Nekrasov, published in 1984.
At the end of the Second World War, the United States believed that it had become the
undisputed leader of the world. Its leaders deliberately tried to make relations with the USSR
worse. The formation of NATO in April 1949 was clearly aimed at preparing for war against
the USSR. The United States planned to use NATO to place air bases in Europe, from
where air strikes could be made on Moscow. But the USSR did not give up on its hopes
for cooperation. Its leaders made every effort to prevent the world from being split into two
opposing military-political groupings.
Turn over for Section B
© OCR 2024 J410/02 Jun24 Turn over
, 4
Section B
Germany 1925–1955: The People and the State
You should spend about 45 minutes on this section.
5 Describe one way in which the Nazis used propaganda after they achieved power. [2]
6 Explain how the Second World War affected German civilians (Germans who weren’t fighting).
[10]
7 Study Sources A and B.
Is one source more reliable than the other about why Hitler became Chancellor in 1933? [10]
Source A
An extract from a Nazi leaflet published in Germany in 1929 and then reissued in 1932.
© research.calvin.edu, Calvin University. Item removed due to third party copyright restrictions. Link to Material - https://research.calvin.edu/german-propaganda-archive/haken32.htm
Source B
An extract from notes written in 1935 by the ex-commander of the German army, General von
Hammerstein. Hammerstein was a known anti-Nazi and resigned from his position of commander
of the army in 1934.
© John Traynor, Mastering Modern German History 1864-1990 (Macmillan Master Series, 23), p.172, Palgrave Macmillan, 2007. Item removed due to third party copyright restrictions.
© OCR 2024 J410/02 Jun24
