QASP-S UPDATED FINAL EXAM ALL QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Who was Hans Asperger? - ✔✔20th century, Austrian Pediatrician who published a
profile in 1944 of four boys with a specific pattern of bx: "autisitic psychopathy".
✔✔Characteristics of Aspergers (1944) - ✔✔"lack of empathy, little ability to form
friendships, one-sided conversations, intense absorption in a special interest & clumsy
movements."
✔✔The term "Asperger Syndrome" was coined by: - ✔✔Lorna Wing, a British
Researcher in 1981 in her research to counter Kanner's findings on Autism.
✔✔Basic principles of Bx by Skinner (& others) - ✔✔Reinforcement
-Prompting
-Fading
-Shaping
-Schedules of Rx
(Principles are the pure science, not the applied science.)
-Principles used to describe how bx is lawful, observable, measurable & has an impact
on the environment.
✔✔DRO - ✔✔Reinforcement is contingent on absence of problem behavior.
, ✔✔DRA - ✔✔Potential rx is presented contingent on occurrences of desired alternative
to maladaptive bx. Maladaptive Bx is placed on extinction.
✔✔Example of DRA: crying to escape - ✔✔Asking for a break. Crying doesn't result in a
break.
✔✔Replacement Bx for Attention: - ✔✔tap on shoulder, say "excuse me", raise hand in
class,
✔✔Replacement Bx for Escape: - ✔✔Asking for break, finish one more then break, take
a walk, go get a drink.
✔✔Replacement Bx for Tangibles: - ✔✔eating/ drinking on a schedule so kiddo isn't
hungry/thirsty, Manding/tacting desired items, Completing task to earn tangibles, turn
taking
✔✔Replacement bx for Sensory: - ✔✔fidgets, private time/breaks for sensory stimming,
mouthable necklaces, chewing gum, swinging at recess,
✔✔What is PRT - ✔✔:a naturalistic model of ABA.
Primarily Developed by Koegel Autism Center at UCSB in 1970s.
There are several "pivotal" areas/ domains of bx that have positive impact on learning
all other behaviors.
✔✔4 Pivotal Areas of Bx: - ✔✔1. Motivation
2. Responsivity to multiple cues
3. Self Mgmt (of interfering bx)
4. Self Initiated Social Interactions
✔✔PRT vs DTT: - ✔✔-PRT focuses on pivotal areas of bx.
-PRT uses naturalistic rx.
-PRT uses child's interests & motivation to lead the therapy sx.
-DTT focuses on individual target bx.
-DTT often uses unrelated rx.
-DTT often requires therapist to lead sx.
✔✔Motivation in PRT - ✔✔Using tasks, objects, convo topics that are of interest to the
child can increase his/her motivation to participate in their environment and learn new
skills.
✔✔6 components of motivation in PRT - ✔✔1. Encourage shared control (child choices)
& turn taking
AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Who was Hans Asperger? - ✔✔20th century, Austrian Pediatrician who published a
profile in 1944 of four boys with a specific pattern of bx: "autisitic psychopathy".
✔✔Characteristics of Aspergers (1944) - ✔✔"lack of empathy, little ability to form
friendships, one-sided conversations, intense absorption in a special interest & clumsy
movements."
✔✔The term "Asperger Syndrome" was coined by: - ✔✔Lorna Wing, a British
Researcher in 1981 in her research to counter Kanner's findings on Autism.
✔✔Basic principles of Bx by Skinner (& others) - ✔✔Reinforcement
-Prompting
-Fading
-Shaping
-Schedules of Rx
(Principles are the pure science, not the applied science.)
-Principles used to describe how bx is lawful, observable, measurable & has an impact
on the environment.
✔✔DRO - ✔✔Reinforcement is contingent on absence of problem behavior.
, ✔✔DRA - ✔✔Potential rx is presented contingent on occurrences of desired alternative
to maladaptive bx. Maladaptive Bx is placed on extinction.
✔✔Example of DRA: crying to escape - ✔✔Asking for a break. Crying doesn't result in a
break.
✔✔Replacement Bx for Attention: - ✔✔tap on shoulder, say "excuse me", raise hand in
class,
✔✔Replacement Bx for Escape: - ✔✔Asking for break, finish one more then break, take
a walk, go get a drink.
✔✔Replacement Bx for Tangibles: - ✔✔eating/ drinking on a schedule so kiddo isn't
hungry/thirsty, Manding/tacting desired items, Completing task to earn tangibles, turn
taking
✔✔Replacement bx for Sensory: - ✔✔fidgets, private time/breaks for sensory stimming,
mouthable necklaces, chewing gum, swinging at recess,
✔✔What is PRT - ✔✔:a naturalistic model of ABA.
Primarily Developed by Koegel Autism Center at UCSB in 1970s.
There are several "pivotal" areas/ domains of bx that have positive impact on learning
all other behaviors.
✔✔4 Pivotal Areas of Bx: - ✔✔1. Motivation
2. Responsivity to multiple cues
3. Self Mgmt (of interfering bx)
4. Self Initiated Social Interactions
✔✔PRT vs DTT: - ✔✔-PRT focuses on pivotal areas of bx.
-PRT uses naturalistic rx.
-PRT uses child's interests & motivation to lead the therapy sx.
-DTT focuses on individual target bx.
-DTT often uses unrelated rx.
-DTT often requires therapist to lead sx.
✔✔Motivation in PRT - ✔✔Using tasks, objects, convo topics that are of interest to the
child can increase his/her motivation to participate in their environment and learn new
skills.
✔✔6 components of motivation in PRT - ✔✔1. Encourage shared control (child choices)
& turn taking
