JBL Medical Test Prep Questions and
Answers
1. Following prolonged dehydration, a 67 yo man presents with
hypotension, tachycardia, and oliguria. He has no past medical
history. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of his
condition?
a. Chronic renal failure
b. Intrarenal acute renal failure
c. Postrenal failure
d. Prerenal acute renal failure
Answer: d. Prerenal acute renal failure
2. You receive a call for a 55-year-old female who is ill. The patient's
husband tells you that she is an alcoholic, and has been "on the wagon"
for about a week. The patient is conscious, but confused and restless.
Her skin is hot to the touch, she is profusely diaphoretic, and her
hands are shaking. Her blood pressure is 180/90 mm Hg, pulse is
120 beats/min, respirations are 24 breaths/min, and oxygen
saturation is 98% on room air. You should
A: provide emotional support, administer oxygen via nasal cannula,
establish vascular access, monitor her cardiac rhythm, assess her
blood glucose level, and transport.
,B: provide reassurance, establish vascular access and give a saline
bolus, give oxygen via nonrebreathing mask, administer 5 mg of
diazepam to prevent seizures, and transport.
C: administer high-flow oxygen via nonrebreathing mask, establish
vascular access, give 2 to 5 mg of midazolam for sedation, monitor
her cardiac rhythm, and transport.
D: establish vascular access, administer 100 mg of thiamine and 25 g
of 50% dextrose IV push, apply oxygen via nasal cannula, orient her
and provide re- assurance, and transport.
Answer: A: provide emotional support, administer oxygen via nasal cannula, establish vascular
access, monitor her cardiac rhythm, assess her blood glucose level, and transport.
3. A man was trapped in his burning house for approximately 15
minutes before firefighters rescued him. He reports burning in his
throat and a severe headache. He has a blood pressure of 180/90
mm Hg, a pulse rate of 120 beats/min, and labored respirations of
28 breaths/min. In addition to providing
supplemental oxygen, treatment should include:
A: amyl nitrite inhaled in 20-second
increments. B: rapid transport to a local
hyperbaric facility.
C: IV administration of 1 mL/kg of ethyl alcohol.
D: a slow infusion of sodium nitroprusside.
Answer: A: amyl nitrite inhaled in 20-second increments
,4. Which of the following patients is at greatest risk for suicide?
A: A woman whose mother committed
suicide B: A man who owns multiple
guns and knives
C: A woman whose depression acutely improves
D: A man who has not slept for over 72 hours
Answer: C: A woman whose depression acutely improves
5. Diarrhea, marked bradycardia, miosis, and
hypersalivation are MOST consis- tent with a/an toxidrome.
A:
amphetamine
B:
sympatholytic
C: cholinergic
D: opiate
Answer: C: cholinergic
Cholinergic - relating to or denoting nerve cells in which acetylcholine acts as a neurotransmitter.
Acetylcholine - a compound which occurs throughout the nervous system, in which it functions as a
neurotransmitter. Opiate (narcotic symptoms:
-bradycardia, respiratory depression, hypotension, pupillary constriction
, Sympatholitic (ie, alpha or beta blocker) toxicity symptoms:
-bradycardia, hypotension, and hypoglycemia
Amphetamine (upper) toxicity symptoms:
-restlessness, pupillary dilation, tachycardia, hypertension, tachypnea, insomnia
6. Which of the following drug overdoses could be reversed with the
adminis- tration of naloxone?
A: Midazolam
B:
Phenobarbitol
C: Adderall
D: Meperidine
Answer: D: Meperidine
7. A known heroin abuser is found unresponsive by a law
enforcement officer. Your primary assessment of the patient, a 24-
year-old female, reveals that she is unresponsive, is breathing at a
rate of 6 breaths/min and shallow, and has a pulse rate of 40
beats/min and weak. You should:
A: ensure that her airway is clear and begin assisting her
ventilations. B: administer high-flow oxygen, start an IV, and
Answers
1. Following prolonged dehydration, a 67 yo man presents with
hypotension, tachycardia, and oliguria. He has no past medical
history. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of his
condition?
a. Chronic renal failure
b. Intrarenal acute renal failure
c. Postrenal failure
d. Prerenal acute renal failure
Answer: d. Prerenal acute renal failure
2. You receive a call for a 55-year-old female who is ill. The patient's
husband tells you that she is an alcoholic, and has been "on the wagon"
for about a week. The patient is conscious, but confused and restless.
Her skin is hot to the touch, she is profusely diaphoretic, and her
hands are shaking. Her blood pressure is 180/90 mm Hg, pulse is
120 beats/min, respirations are 24 breaths/min, and oxygen
saturation is 98% on room air. You should
A: provide emotional support, administer oxygen via nasal cannula,
establish vascular access, monitor her cardiac rhythm, assess her
blood glucose level, and transport.
,B: provide reassurance, establish vascular access and give a saline
bolus, give oxygen via nonrebreathing mask, administer 5 mg of
diazepam to prevent seizures, and transport.
C: administer high-flow oxygen via nonrebreathing mask, establish
vascular access, give 2 to 5 mg of midazolam for sedation, monitor
her cardiac rhythm, and transport.
D: establish vascular access, administer 100 mg of thiamine and 25 g
of 50% dextrose IV push, apply oxygen via nasal cannula, orient her
and provide re- assurance, and transport.
Answer: A: provide emotional support, administer oxygen via nasal cannula, establish vascular
access, monitor her cardiac rhythm, assess her blood glucose level, and transport.
3. A man was trapped in his burning house for approximately 15
minutes before firefighters rescued him. He reports burning in his
throat and a severe headache. He has a blood pressure of 180/90
mm Hg, a pulse rate of 120 beats/min, and labored respirations of
28 breaths/min. In addition to providing
supplemental oxygen, treatment should include:
A: amyl nitrite inhaled in 20-second
increments. B: rapid transport to a local
hyperbaric facility.
C: IV administration of 1 mL/kg of ethyl alcohol.
D: a slow infusion of sodium nitroprusside.
Answer: A: amyl nitrite inhaled in 20-second increments
,4. Which of the following patients is at greatest risk for suicide?
A: A woman whose mother committed
suicide B: A man who owns multiple
guns and knives
C: A woman whose depression acutely improves
D: A man who has not slept for over 72 hours
Answer: C: A woman whose depression acutely improves
5. Diarrhea, marked bradycardia, miosis, and
hypersalivation are MOST consis- tent with a/an toxidrome.
A:
amphetamine
B:
sympatholytic
C: cholinergic
D: opiate
Answer: C: cholinergic
Cholinergic - relating to or denoting nerve cells in which acetylcholine acts as a neurotransmitter.
Acetylcholine - a compound which occurs throughout the nervous system, in which it functions as a
neurotransmitter. Opiate (narcotic symptoms:
-bradycardia, respiratory depression, hypotension, pupillary constriction
, Sympatholitic (ie, alpha or beta blocker) toxicity symptoms:
-bradycardia, hypotension, and hypoglycemia
Amphetamine (upper) toxicity symptoms:
-restlessness, pupillary dilation, tachycardia, hypertension, tachypnea, insomnia
6. Which of the following drug overdoses could be reversed with the
adminis- tration of naloxone?
A: Midazolam
B:
Phenobarbitol
C: Adderall
D: Meperidine
Answer: D: Meperidine
7. A known heroin abuser is found unresponsive by a law
enforcement officer. Your primary assessment of the patient, a 24-
year-old female, reveals that she is unresponsive, is breathing at a
rate of 6 breaths/min and shallow, and has a pulse rate of 40
beats/min and weak. You should:
A: ensure that her airway is clear and begin assisting her
ventilations. B: administer high-flow oxygen, start an IV, and
