PSYC 2250 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
method of knowing based on direct observation and experimentation -
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CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-empirical
|
method of knowing not based on direct observation and
| | | | | | | | |
experimentaiton - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-non-empirical
| | |
four characteristics and assumptions of science - CORRECT
| | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-empirical, objective, open-minded and progressive, | | | | |
sceptical
scientific observations are systematically structured and evaluated
| | | | | | |
objectively using accepted methods of the discipline - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-universalism
methods and results are shared openly so others can replicate methods
| | | | | | | | | | |
and check whether the same results are achieved - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-communality
scientists are expected to search for observations that will help them
| | | | | | | | | | |
make accurate discoveries around the world. they should not be
| | | | | | | | | |
,motivated primarily for personal gain - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
| | | | | | |
disinterestedness
all new evidence and theories should be evaluated based on scientific
| | | | | | | | | | |
merit, even those that challenge one's own work or priof beliefs. -
| | | | | | | | | | | |
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-organized skepticism | |
four basic goals of psychology - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-to describe
| | | | | | | | |
behaviour, to predict behaviour, to understand the causes of behaviour
| | | | | | | | | |
and to understand or explain the behaviour to promote change
| | | | | | | | |
3 criteria for causal claim - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-covariation of cause
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and effect, temporal precedence, elimination of alternative explanations
| | | | | | |
when the cause is present, the effect must occur. When the cause is
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NOT present, the effect should not occur - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
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covariation of cause and effect | | | |
needs to happen in an order of events - the cause must come before the
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
effect - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-temporal precedence
| | | | |
all other plausible explanations for the observed effect must be
| | | | | | | | | |
evaluated scientifically and dismissed - the observation must be due to
| | | | | | | | | | |
, the causal variable - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-elimination of alternative
| | | | | | | |
explanations
type of research that attempts to answers the fundamental questions
| | | | | | | | | |
about the nature of behaviour. - no practical application - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-basic research |
type of research that is conducted to address practical problems and
| | | | | | | | | | |
potential solutions. - goal is to develop knowledge that is directly useful
| | | | | | | | | | |
- CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-applied research
| | | |
5 steps to developing research ideas, theories and hypotheses. -
| | | | | | | | | |
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-choose topic, background preparation, theory,
| | | | | |
hypothesis, define concepts and variables | | | |
two types of hupotheses - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-directional and non-
| | | | | | | |
directional
type of hypothesis that tries to answer questions related to why and
| | | | | | | | | | | |
how things are the way they are - it is like an educated guess ex. group z
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
will score higher than group T - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-directional
| | | | | | | | |
hypothesis
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
method of knowing based on direct observation and experimentation -
| | | | | | | | | |
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-empirical
|
method of knowing not based on direct observation and
| | | | | | | | |
experimentaiton - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-non-empirical
| | |
four characteristics and assumptions of science - CORRECT
| | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-empirical, objective, open-minded and progressive, | | | | |
sceptical
scientific observations are systematically structured and evaluated
| | | | | | |
objectively using accepted methods of the discipline - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-universalism
methods and results are shared openly so others can replicate methods
| | | | | | | | | | |
and check whether the same results are achieved - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-communality
scientists are expected to search for observations that will help them
| | | | | | | | | | |
make accurate discoveries around the world. they should not be
| | | | | | | | | |
,motivated primarily for personal gain - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
| | | | | | |
disinterestedness
all new evidence and theories should be evaluated based on scientific
| | | | | | | | | | |
merit, even those that challenge one's own work or priof beliefs. -
| | | | | | | | | | | |
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-organized skepticism | |
four basic goals of psychology - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-to describe
| | | | | | | | |
behaviour, to predict behaviour, to understand the causes of behaviour
| | | | | | | | | |
and to understand or explain the behaviour to promote change
| | | | | | | | |
3 criteria for causal claim - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-covariation of cause
| | | | | | | | | |
and effect, temporal precedence, elimination of alternative explanations
| | | | | | |
when the cause is present, the effect must occur. When the cause is
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
NOT present, the effect should not occur - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
| | | | | | | | |
covariation of cause and effect | | | |
needs to happen in an order of events - the cause must come before the
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
effect - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-temporal precedence
| | | | |
all other plausible explanations for the observed effect must be
| | | | | | | | | |
evaluated scientifically and dismissed - the observation must be due to
| | | | | | | | | | |
, the causal variable - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-elimination of alternative
| | | | | | | |
explanations
type of research that attempts to answers the fundamental questions
| | | | | | | | | |
about the nature of behaviour. - no practical application - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER✔✔-basic research |
type of research that is conducted to address practical problems and
| | | | | | | | | | |
potential solutions. - goal is to develop knowledge that is directly useful
| | | | | | | | | | |
- CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-applied research
| | | |
5 steps to developing research ideas, theories and hypotheses. -
| | | | | | | | | |
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-choose topic, background preparation, theory,
| | | | | |
hypothesis, define concepts and variables | | | |
two types of hupotheses - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-directional and non-
| | | | | | | |
directional
type of hypothesis that tries to answer questions related to why and
| | | | | | | | | | | |
how things are the way they are - it is like an educated guess ex. group z
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
will score higher than group T - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-directional
| | | | | | | | |
hypothesis
