KAPLAN FUNDAMENTALS
INTEGRATED TEST NEWEST 2026 |
COMPLETE FUNDAMENTALS
KAPLAN,,,,
1. A nurse is preparing to insert an indwelling urinary catheter. Which
technique is correct for maintaining sterility?
A) Open the sterile kit, put on sterile gloves, then pour antiseptic solution.
B) Put on sterile gloves, then open the sterile kit.
C) Open the outer wrapper, then pour antiseptic solution before donning sterile
gloves.
D) Don clean gloves, open the kit, then switch to sterile gloves.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Open the outer wrapper first to create a sterile field, then pour solution
before donning sterile gloves to avoid contaminating gloves with bottle.
2. A patient is on fall precautions. Which action is most important?
A) Keep the bed in the lowest position with side rails up.
B) Place the call light within reach and answer promptly.
C) Apply soft wrist restraints at night.
D) Keep the room dark to promote sleep.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Call light access and prompt response prevent falls; restraints increase
risk and require order.
,3. A nurse delegates vital signs to an assistive personnel (AP). Which vital sign
assessment should the nurse perform personally?
A) Oral temperature on a patient with pneumonia.
B) Blood pressure on a patient with a history of hypertension.
C) Pulse oximetry on a patient with COPD.
D) Apical pulse on a patient receiving digoxin.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Apical pulse for heart rate and rhythm in a patient on digoxin requires
nursing judgment.
4. Which finding indicates a need to remove a patient's nasogastric (NG)
tube?
A) Greenish drainage of 200 mL in 8 hours.
B) pH of gastric aspirate is 4.0.
C) Patient reports sore throat.
D) Tube is positioned at the original insertion mark but the patient has increased
abdominal distention.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Distention with tube at same mark suggests dislodgment or obstruction;
require verification.
5. A patient with a hip fracture is in Buck's traction. Which nursing
intervention is correct?
A) Remove the traction boot every 2 hours for skin assessment.
B) Keep the weights resting on the floor when the patient is repositioned.
C) Maintain the pull of the traction in alignment with the hip.
,D) Allow the patient to slide toward the foot of the bed for comfort.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Traction must maintain proper alignment and counter-traction.
6. A nurse is teaching a patient about a low-sodium diet. Which food choice
indicates understanding?
A) Canned vegetable soup.
B) Fresh grilled chicken breast with steamed broccoli.
C) Pickles and olives.
D) Processed cheese sandwich.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Fresh, unprocessed foods are naturally low in sodium; canned and
processed items are high.
7. A patient has an order for a sterile dressing change. After setting up the
sterile field, the nurse realizes a needed item is missing. What should the nurse
do?
A) Reach across the sterile field to grab the item from a nearby cart.
B) Ask a colleague to open the item and drop it onto the field.
C) Discard the field and start over after obtaining the item.
D) Wear sterile gloves and reach into the drawer for the item.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Once a sterile field is set, you cannot leave it unattended or reach over
it; restarting ensures sterility.
, 8. A patient who is postoperative reports pain of 8 on a 0–10 scale. The nurse
administers morphine 2 mg IV. After 15 minutes, the patient states pain is still
7 and is drowsy. Respirations are 10/min. What is the priority?
A) Administer naloxone.
B) Apply oxygen at 2 L/min.
C) Stimulate the patient to breathe deeply.
D) Reassess in 15 minutes.
Correct answer: A
*Rationale: Respiratory rate <12/min with sedation indicates opioid overdose;
naloxone is antidote.*
9. A nurse is providing oral care to an unconscious patient. Which action is
most important?
A) Use a firm toothbrush to remove plaque.
B) Position the patient supine to ease access.
C) Use minimal amount of water and suction to prevent aspiration.
D) Apply petroleum jelly to lips after cleaning.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Unconscious patients cannot swallow; aspiration risk requires minimal
fluid and suction.
10. The nurse is preparing to administer an insulin injection. Which site has
the fastest absorption?
A) Abdomen.
B) Thigh.
C) Upper arm.
INTEGRATED TEST NEWEST 2026 |
COMPLETE FUNDAMENTALS
KAPLAN,,,,
1. A nurse is preparing to insert an indwelling urinary catheter. Which
technique is correct for maintaining sterility?
A) Open the sterile kit, put on sterile gloves, then pour antiseptic solution.
B) Put on sterile gloves, then open the sterile kit.
C) Open the outer wrapper, then pour antiseptic solution before donning sterile
gloves.
D) Don clean gloves, open the kit, then switch to sterile gloves.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Open the outer wrapper first to create a sterile field, then pour solution
before donning sterile gloves to avoid contaminating gloves with bottle.
2. A patient is on fall precautions. Which action is most important?
A) Keep the bed in the lowest position with side rails up.
B) Place the call light within reach and answer promptly.
C) Apply soft wrist restraints at night.
D) Keep the room dark to promote sleep.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Call light access and prompt response prevent falls; restraints increase
risk and require order.
,3. A nurse delegates vital signs to an assistive personnel (AP). Which vital sign
assessment should the nurse perform personally?
A) Oral temperature on a patient with pneumonia.
B) Blood pressure on a patient with a history of hypertension.
C) Pulse oximetry on a patient with COPD.
D) Apical pulse on a patient receiving digoxin.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Apical pulse for heart rate and rhythm in a patient on digoxin requires
nursing judgment.
4. Which finding indicates a need to remove a patient's nasogastric (NG)
tube?
A) Greenish drainage of 200 mL in 8 hours.
B) pH of gastric aspirate is 4.0.
C) Patient reports sore throat.
D) Tube is positioned at the original insertion mark but the patient has increased
abdominal distention.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Distention with tube at same mark suggests dislodgment or obstruction;
require verification.
5. A patient with a hip fracture is in Buck's traction. Which nursing
intervention is correct?
A) Remove the traction boot every 2 hours for skin assessment.
B) Keep the weights resting on the floor when the patient is repositioned.
C) Maintain the pull of the traction in alignment with the hip.
,D) Allow the patient to slide toward the foot of the bed for comfort.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Traction must maintain proper alignment and counter-traction.
6. A nurse is teaching a patient about a low-sodium diet. Which food choice
indicates understanding?
A) Canned vegetable soup.
B) Fresh grilled chicken breast with steamed broccoli.
C) Pickles and olives.
D) Processed cheese sandwich.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Fresh, unprocessed foods are naturally low in sodium; canned and
processed items are high.
7. A patient has an order for a sterile dressing change. After setting up the
sterile field, the nurse realizes a needed item is missing. What should the nurse
do?
A) Reach across the sterile field to grab the item from a nearby cart.
B) Ask a colleague to open the item and drop it onto the field.
C) Discard the field and start over after obtaining the item.
D) Wear sterile gloves and reach into the drawer for the item.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Once a sterile field is set, you cannot leave it unattended or reach over
it; restarting ensures sterility.
, 8. A patient who is postoperative reports pain of 8 on a 0–10 scale. The nurse
administers morphine 2 mg IV. After 15 minutes, the patient states pain is still
7 and is drowsy. Respirations are 10/min. What is the priority?
A) Administer naloxone.
B) Apply oxygen at 2 L/min.
C) Stimulate the patient to breathe deeply.
D) Reassess in 15 minutes.
Correct answer: A
*Rationale: Respiratory rate <12/min with sedation indicates opioid overdose;
naloxone is antidote.*
9. A nurse is providing oral care to an unconscious patient. Which action is
most important?
A) Use a firm toothbrush to remove plaque.
B) Position the patient supine to ease access.
C) Use minimal amount of water and suction to prevent aspiration.
D) Apply petroleum jelly to lips after cleaning.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Unconscious patients cannot swallow; aspiration risk requires minimal
fluid and suction.
10. The nurse is preparing to administer an insulin injection. Which site has
the fastest absorption?
A) Abdomen.
B) Thigh.
C) Upper arm.
