High-Yield Concepts and Review Guide | A+
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• parameters to reduce noise in MRI. CORRECT ANSWER: -thicker
slices
-larger FOV
-smaller matrix
-parallel imaging
-reducing bandwidth (increasing TE)
-active noise reduction
-Low SAR RF mode (increase in echo spacing)-thicker slices
• MRI sequence that produces the most and least noise in MRI.
CORRECT ANSWER: Most noise EPI/DWI
least noise spin echo sequence
• an increase in slew rate and gradient amplitude causes an increase in.
CORRECT ANSWER: Peripheral nerve stimulation
• stimulation of the eyes in a patient causing an appearance of flashing
lights. CORRECT ANSWER: magnetophosphenes
,• stimulation of the vestibular system causing a vestibular ocular reflex
where the eyes rapidly move side to side. CORRECT ANSWER:
nystagmus
• what force causes the noise heard in MRI. CORRECT ANSWER:
lorentz forces
• B1+rms. CORRECT ANSWER: the amplitude of the B1 frequency
over 10 seconds--the intensity of the changing magnetic field in our
patient will determine the amount of energy transferred to our patient
• SAR. CORRECT ANSWER: energy per patient mass measured in
J/Kg
SAR is measured per sequence
• SAR limits: whole body--receive only coil & integrated Body coil.
CORRECT ANSWER: whole body measured over 6 minutes
first level operating mode 4 w/kg
normal operating mode 2 w/kg
SAR limit for head is 3.2 w/kg in both first level and normal operating
mode
, • SAR limits local transmit/receive coil. CORRECT ANSWER: local
coil measured over 6 minutes
head--
normal operating mode 10 W/kg
first level operating mode 20 W/kg
trunk--
normal operating mode 10 w/kg
first level operating mode 20 w/kg
extremities--
normal operating mode 20 w/kg
first level operating mode 40 w/kg
• relationship between SAR and flip angle & SAR and patient size.
CORRECT ANSWER: squared relationship
doubled flip angle or patient size=4x increase in SAR
• specific energy dose (SED). CORRECT ANSWER: total energy
deposited in our patient for an entire exam