SCRIPT STUDY GUIDE / CORRECT QUESTIONS
& VERIFIED ANSWERS / LATEST 2026
GRADED A+
◉ Clara Barton. Answer: Volunteered to care for wounds and feed
union soldiers during the Civil War; served as the supervisor of
nurses for the Army of the James, organizing hospitals and nurses;
established the Red Cross in 1882.
◉ Mary Elizabeth Mahoney. Answer: Graduated from the New
England Hospital for women and children in 1879 as America's First
African American Nurse.
◉ Harriet Tubman. Answer: A nurse and an abolitionist; active in the
underground railroad movement before joining the Union Army
during the Civil War.
◉ Isabel Hampton Robb. Answer: A leader in nursing and nursing
education; organized the nursing school at Johns Hopkins Hospital;
initiated policies that included limiting the number of hours in a
days work and wrote a textbook to help student learning; the first
president of the Nurses Associated Alumnae of the United States and
Canada (now American Nurses Association).
, ◉ Aims of Nursing. Answer: To promote health, to prevent illness, to
restore health, to facilitate coping with disability or death.
◉ Four Essential Competencies:. Answer: Cognitive, Technical,
Interpersonal, and ethical/legal skills to provide safe and
knowledgeable care.
◉ Cognitive Skills. Answer: Think about the nature of things
sufficiently to "make sense" of their world and to grasp conceptually
what is necessary to achieve valued goals. Offer a scientific rationale
for the patients plan of care (sciences include nursing and medical
science, as well as chemistry, microbiology, anatomy, physiology,
psychology, sociology, and anthropology). Select the nursing
interventions that are most likely to yield the desired outcomes. Use
critical thinking to solve problems creatively.
◉ Technical Skills. Answer: Manipulate equipment skillfully to
produce a desired outcome or result. Involve everything from
manual dexterity and good eye-hand coordination to an ability to
troubleshoot when equipment malfunctions, based on an
understanding of the technical workings of the equipment. Use
technical equipment with sufficient competence and ease to achieve
goals with minimal distress to participants involved. Creatively
adapt equipment and technical procedures to the needs of individual
patients in diverse circumstances.