QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026/2027
100% CORRECT
Measurement - ANSWER>The process of assigning numbers or classifications to characteristics
or attributes according to specific rules.
Conceptual Definition - ANSWER>A broad, abstract definition of a variable using other concepts.
Operational Definition - ANSWER>A precise description of how a variable will be measured in a
study, outlining the specific procedures or operations to be performed.
Primary Data - ANSWER>Data collected directly by the researcher from the participants for the
specific purpose of the research study.
, Secondary Data - ANSWER>Data that were originally collected for another purpose and are
being used by the researcher for a new research question.
Surveys and Questionnaires - ANSWER>Systematic tools used to collect data from participants,
which can be administered in various formats (in-person, mail, online) and include open-ended
or closed questions.
Closed Questions - ANSWER>Survey questions with a predetermined set of response options,
such as forced-choice, dichotomous, and scales (e.g., Likert, Guttman, visual analog).
Open-Ended Questions - ANSWER>Survey questions that allow participants to provide free-text
responses.
Measurement Error - ANSWER>The difference between the true score and the observed score
of a measurement. It can be random or systematic.