WGU D313 OA AND PRACTICE EXAM NEWEST 2026
TEST BANK| D313 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2
EXAM WITH COMPLETE 650 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS/ GRADED A+
1. Which gland is often called the "master gland" because it
controls other endocrine glands?
A. Thyroid gland
B. Adrenal gland
C. Pituitary gland
D. Hypothalamus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis) secretes
tropic hormones (TSH, ACTH, FSH, LH) that regulate other
endocrine glands. The hypothalamus controls the pituitary.
1
,2. Which hormone is released by the posterior pituitary?
A. Growth hormone (GH)
B. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
C. Prolactin
D. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The posterior pituitary stores and releases ADH and
oxytocin, which are synthesized in the hypothalamus. Anterior
pituitary produces GH, prolactin, TSH, ACTH, FSH, LH.
3. A patient has high blood glucose, weight loss, and
polyuria. Which hormone deficiency is most likely?
A. Insulin
B. Glucagon
C. Cortisol
D. Aldosterone
2
,Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Insulin deficiency causes diabetes mellitus:
hyperglycemia (high blood glucose), weight loss (catabolism),
and polyuria (glucose in urine causes osmotic diuresis).
4. Which hormone increases blood calcium levels by
stimulating osteoclast activity?
A. Calcitonin
B. Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
C. Vitamin D (calcitriol)
D. Both B and C
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: PTH increases blood calcium by stimulating osteoclasts
(bone resorption), increasing intestinal calcium absorption (via
vitamin D activation), and decreasing renal calcium excretion.
Calcitonin lowers blood calcium.
3
, 5. The adrenal medulla secretes which type of hormones?
A. Mineralocorticoids
B. Glucocorticoids
C. Catecholamines (epinephrine and norepinephrine)
D. Androgens
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The adrenal medulla (neural crest origin) secretes
epinephrine (80%) and norepinephrine (20%). The adrenal
cortex secretes mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, and
androgens.
6. A patient with Cushing's syndrome would most likely have
which lab finding?
A. Low cortisol
B. High cortisol
4
TEST BANK| D313 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2
EXAM WITH COMPLETE 650 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS/ GRADED A+
1. Which gland is often called the "master gland" because it
controls other endocrine glands?
A. Thyroid gland
B. Adrenal gland
C. Pituitary gland
D. Hypothalamus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis) secretes
tropic hormones (TSH, ACTH, FSH, LH) that regulate other
endocrine glands. The hypothalamus controls the pituitary.
1
,2. Which hormone is released by the posterior pituitary?
A. Growth hormone (GH)
B. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
C. Prolactin
D. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The posterior pituitary stores and releases ADH and
oxytocin, which are synthesized in the hypothalamus. Anterior
pituitary produces GH, prolactin, TSH, ACTH, FSH, LH.
3. A patient has high blood glucose, weight loss, and
polyuria. Which hormone deficiency is most likely?
A. Insulin
B. Glucagon
C. Cortisol
D. Aldosterone
2
,Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Insulin deficiency causes diabetes mellitus:
hyperglycemia (high blood glucose), weight loss (catabolism),
and polyuria (glucose in urine causes osmotic diuresis).
4. Which hormone increases blood calcium levels by
stimulating osteoclast activity?
A. Calcitonin
B. Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
C. Vitamin D (calcitriol)
D. Both B and C
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: PTH increases blood calcium by stimulating osteoclasts
(bone resorption), increasing intestinal calcium absorption (via
vitamin D activation), and decreasing renal calcium excretion.
Calcitonin lowers blood calcium.
3
, 5. The adrenal medulla secretes which type of hormones?
A. Mineralocorticoids
B. Glucocorticoids
C. Catecholamines (epinephrine and norepinephrine)
D. Androgens
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The adrenal medulla (neural crest origin) secretes
epinephrine (80%) and norepinephrine (20%). The adrenal
cortex secretes mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, and
androgens.
6. A patient with Cushing's syndrome would most likely have
which lab finding?
A. Low cortisol
B. High cortisol
4
