EDF6226 EXAM 1 EDF 6226 STUDY GUIDE
TEST BANK ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED RESPONSES FULL SOLUTION
⩥ value-altering ; bx-altering.
Answer: A motivating operation alters the effectiveness of some
stimulus as a reinforcer, which is known as the
___________________________ effect and alters the current frequency
of all behavior that has been reinforced by that stimulus, which is known
as the ___________________________ effect.
⩥ frequency.
Answer: In addition to___________________________, other aspects
of behavior such as response magnitude, latency, and relative frequency
can be altered by an MO.
⩥ value-altering.
Answer: The ___________________________ is either an increase in
the reinforcing effectiveness of some stimulus (EO) or a decrease in
reinforcing effectiveness (AO).
⩥ unconditioned motivating operations (UMOs).
Answer: "Certain events acquire their value- and behavior-altering
effects as a result of the person's evolutionary history" (Langthorne &
,McGill, 2009, p. 24). This is what we call
___________________________.
⩥ history ; paired.
Answer: Just as in unconditioned reinforcers, UMOs do not require a
learning ___________________________ to be established. On the
other hand, Conditioned Motivating Operations (CMOs) are value- and
behavior-altering events that are a result of the person's learning history.
Just like conditioned reinforcers, they acquire their status by
being___________________________ with their unconditioned (or
another previously paired conditioned) counterpart.
⩥ increase ; frequency.
Answer: When food deprivation is an establishing operation, the value-
altering effect is an ___________________________ in the reinforcing
effectiveness of food. The behavior- altering effect is an increase in the
current ___________________________ of all behavior that has been
reinforced by food.
⩥ availability.
Answer: A discriminative stimulus controls a type of behavior because it
has been related to the differential ___________________________ of a
reinforcer for that type of behavior.
⩥ increases.
,Answer: When the environmental event is "becoming too warm", it
___________________________ the current frequency of all behavior
that has been reinforced by becoming cooler.
⩥ value-altering ; bx-altering.
Answer: In the establishing operation, the
___________________________ is an increase in the current
effectiveness of some stimulus, object, or event as reinforcement. The
___________________________ is a increase in the current frequency
of all behavior that has been reinforced by that stimulus, object, or event.
⩥ discriminative stimulus ; motivation operations.
Answer: ___________________________ are related to the differential
availability of a currently effective form of reinforcement for a particular
type of behavior; ___________________________ are related to the
differential reinforcing effectiveness of a particular type of
environmental event.
⩥ conditioned motivating operations (CMOs).
Answer: Motivating variables that alter the reinforcing effectiveness of
other stimuli, objects, or events, but only as a result of the organism's
learning history, are called ___________________________.
⩥ surrogate.
, Answer: ___________________________ CMO is a stimulus that
acquires its MO effectiveness by being paired with another MO, and has
the same value-altering and behavior-altering effects as the MO with
which it was paired.
⩥ reflexive.
Answer: ___________________________ CMO is a stimulus that
acquires MO effectiveness by preceding some form of worsening or
improvement.
⩥ transitive.
Answer: An environmental variable that establishes (or abolishes) the
reinforcing effectiveness of another stimulus and evokes (or abates) the
behavior that has been reinforced by that other stimulus is a
___________________________ CMO.
⩥ availability.
Answer: An SD controls a type of behavior because it has been related to
the differential ___________________________ of an effective
reinforcer for that type of behavior.
⩥ value-altering.
Answer: ___________________________ is either an increase in the
reinforcing effectiveness of some stimulus (EO) or a decrease in
reinforcing effectiveness (AO).
TEST BANK ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED RESPONSES FULL SOLUTION
⩥ value-altering ; bx-altering.
Answer: A motivating operation alters the effectiveness of some
stimulus as a reinforcer, which is known as the
___________________________ effect and alters the current frequency
of all behavior that has been reinforced by that stimulus, which is known
as the ___________________________ effect.
⩥ frequency.
Answer: In addition to___________________________, other aspects
of behavior such as response magnitude, latency, and relative frequency
can be altered by an MO.
⩥ value-altering.
Answer: The ___________________________ is either an increase in
the reinforcing effectiveness of some stimulus (EO) or a decrease in
reinforcing effectiveness (AO).
⩥ unconditioned motivating operations (UMOs).
Answer: "Certain events acquire their value- and behavior-altering
effects as a result of the person's evolutionary history" (Langthorne &
,McGill, 2009, p. 24). This is what we call
___________________________.
⩥ history ; paired.
Answer: Just as in unconditioned reinforcers, UMOs do not require a
learning ___________________________ to be established. On the
other hand, Conditioned Motivating Operations (CMOs) are value- and
behavior-altering events that are a result of the person's learning history.
Just like conditioned reinforcers, they acquire their status by
being___________________________ with their unconditioned (or
another previously paired conditioned) counterpart.
⩥ increase ; frequency.
Answer: When food deprivation is an establishing operation, the value-
altering effect is an ___________________________ in the reinforcing
effectiveness of food. The behavior- altering effect is an increase in the
current ___________________________ of all behavior that has been
reinforced by food.
⩥ availability.
Answer: A discriminative stimulus controls a type of behavior because it
has been related to the differential ___________________________ of a
reinforcer for that type of behavior.
⩥ increases.
,Answer: When the environmental event is "becoming too warm", it
___________________________ the current frequency of all behavior
that has been reinforced by becoming cooler.
⩥ value-altering ; bx-altering.
Answer: In the establishing operation, the
___________________________ is an increase in the current
effectiveness of some stimulus, object, or event as reinforcement. The
___________________________ is a increase in the current frequency
of all behavior that has been reinforced by that stimulus, object, or event.
⩥ discriminative stimulus ; motivation operations.
Answer: ___________________________ are related to the differential
availability of a currently effective form of reinforcement for a particular
type of behavior; ___________________________ are related to the
differential reinforcing effectiveness of a particular type of
environmental event.
⩥ conditioned motivating operations (CMOs).
Answer: Motivating variables that alter the reinforcing effectiveness of
other stimuli, objects, or events, but only as a result of the organism's
learning history, are called ___________________________.
⩥ surrogate.
, Answer: ___________________________ CMO is a stimulus that
acquires its MO effectiveness by being paired with another MO, and has
the same value-altering and behavior-altering effects as the MO with
which it was paired.
⩥ reflexive.
Answer: ___________________________ CMO is a stimulus that
acquires MO effectiveness by preceding some form of worsening or
improvement.
⩥ transitive.
Answer: An environmental variable that establishes (or abolishes) the
reinforcing effectiveness of another stimulus and evokes (or abates) the
behavior that has been reinforced by that other stimulus is a
___________________________ CMO.
⩥ availability.
Answer: An SD controls a type of behavior because it has been related to
the differential ___________________________ of an effective
reinforcer for that type of behavior.
⩥ value-altering.
Answer: ___________________________ is either an increase in the
reinforcing effectiveness of some stimulus (EO) or a decrease in
reinforcing effectiveness (AO).
