WGU D638 – Monitoring Student Learning Through
Assessment Objective Assessment | Western
Governors University | 2026 Update | OA
Questions and Answers with Complete Solutions
1. A teacher wants to know if a test produces consistent
results over two administrations. Which concept is being
measured?
a) Validity
b) Reliability
c) Authenticity
d) Norming
Answer: b) Reliability
Rationale: Reliability refers to the consistency of
assessment results. A test that yields similar scores across
repeated administrations is considered reliable.
2. Which type of validity ensures that a test covers all
aspects of the construct it intends to measure?
1
,a) Criterion-related validity
b) Construct validity
c) Content validity
d) Face validity
Answer: c) Content validity
Rationale: Content validity is established by ensuring test
items adequately sample the full range of the content
domain.
3. A principal reviews student scores and notices that
English language learners consistently score lower on a
reading fluency test that requires rapid word recognition.
What is the most likely threat to validity?
a) Low reliability
b) Construct-irrelevant variance
c) Restriction of range
d) Ceiling effect
Answer: b) Construct-irrelevant variance
Rationale: The test measures speed, not just reading
2
,ability, introducing construct-irrelevant variance that
penalizes ELLs unfairly.
4. A teacher creates a multiple-choice test but all items
are at the "remember" level of Bloom’s taxonomy. Which
type of validity is most clearly lacking?
a) Predictive validity
b) Consequential validity
c) Cognitive validity (alignment with thinking levels)
d) Concurrent validity
Answer: c) Cognitive validity
Rationale: Cognitive validity refers to whether the test
items match the intended cognitive processes. Only recall-
level items fail to measure higher-order thinking.
5. Which statistic is most commonly used to estimate
internal consistency reliability?
a) Pearson’s r
b) Cronbach’s alpha
c) Standard deviation
3
, d) Standard error of measurement
Answer: b) Cronbach’s alpha
Rationale: Cronbach’s alpha measures how closely
related a set of test items are as a group, reflecting
internal consistency.
6. A test that yields highly reliable scores but measures
the wrong skills is:
a) Useful for high-stakes decisions
b) Reliable but not valid
c) Valid but not reliable
d) Neither valid nor reliable
Answer: b) Reliable but not valid
Rationale: Reliability is necessary but not sufficient for
validity. A test can be consistent (reliable) while failing to
measure the intended construct.
7. Which of the following is an example of formative
assessment?
a) End-of-unit exam
4
Assessment Objective Assessment | Western
Governors University | 2026 Update | OA
Questions and Answers with Complete Solutions
1. A teacher wants to know if a test produces consistent
results over two administrations. Which concept is being
measured?
a) Validity
b) Reliability
c) Authenticity
d) Norming
Answer: b) Reliability
Rationale: Reliability refers to the consistency of
assessment results. A test that yields similar scores across
repeated administrations is considered reliable.
2. Which type of validity ensures that a test covers all
aspects of the construct it intends to measure?
1
,a) Criterion-related validity
b) Construct validity
c) Content validity
d) Face validity
Answer: c) Content validity
Rationale: Content validity is established by ensuring test
items adequately sample the full range of the content
domain.
3. A principal reviews student scores and notices that
English language learners consistently score lower on a
reading fluency test that requires rapid word recognition.
What is the most likely threat to validity?
a) Low reliability
b) Construct-irrelevant variance
c) Restriction of range
d) Ceiling effect
Answer: b) Construct-irrelevant variance
Rationale: The test measures speed, not just reading
2
,ability, introducing construct-irrelevant variance that
penalizes ELLs unfairly.
4. A teacher creates a multiple-choice test but all items
are at the "remember" level of Bloom’s taxonomy. Which
type of validity is most clearly lacking?
a) Predictive validity
b) Consequential validity
c) Cognitive validity (alignment with thinking levels)
d) Concurrent validity
Answer: c) Cognitive validity
Rationale: Cognitive validity refers to whether the test
items match the intended cognitive processes. Only recall-
level items fail to measure higher-order thinking.
5. Which statistic is most commonly used to estimate
internal consistency reliability?
a) Pearson’s r
b) Cronbach’s alpha
c) Standard deviation
3
, d) Standard error of measurement
Answer: b) Cronbach’s alpha
Rationale: Cronbach’s alpha measures how closely
related a set of test items are as a group, reflecting
internal consistency.
6. A test that yields highly reliable scores but measures
the wrong skills is:
a) Useful for high-stakes decisions
b) Reliable but not valid
c) Valid but not reliable
d) Neither valid nor reliable
Answer: b) Reliable but not valid
Rationale: Reliability is necessary but not sufficient for
validity. A test can be consistent (reliable) while failing to
measure the intended construct.
7. Which of the following is an example of formative
assessment?
a) End-of-unit exam
4
