BCAT LATEST EXAMS TEST PAPER QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Punisher - ✔✔A stimulus that is either delivered or removed that will DECREASE
the likelihood of that response occurring in the future
✔✔Jen receives a shock each time she touches the door to leave the house. The shock
is a POSITIVE punisher.
Chris earns tokens for not having tantrums. When he gets 10 tokens he can play a
video game. If Chris tantrums, a token is removed. The removal of a token is a
NEGATIVE punisher. - ✔✔punisher
✔✔conditioned reinforcer - ✔✔A stimulus that initially has no reinforcing properties but
through occurring simultaneously with an unconditioned or strongly conditioned
reinforcer, acquires reinforcing properties.
✔✔Mary had never demonstrated that bubbles were reinforcing to her. Mary is
presented bubbles every time she gives a correct response in conjunction with a piece
of an apple. Mary begins to choose bubbles during a preference assessment. Bubbles
became a conditioned reinforcer. - ✔✔conditioned reinforcer
✔✔unconditioned reinforcer - ✔✔A stimulus, such as food, water, shelter or clothing
that is reinforcing in the absence of any prior learning history.
,✔✔Marius will complete any task that he is told to do if he knows food is available to
him after he has completed the task. Food is an unconditioned reinforcer -
✔✔unconditioned reinforcer
✔✔extinction - ✔✔a procedure by which a behavior that was previously reinforced no
longer receives reinforcement and the probability of the behavior decreases.
✔✔Megan bangs her head to get her mothers attention. When Megan bangs her head,
her mother comes running over to her to try to stop her. Megan's mother stops coming
to her when she bangs her head. The planned ignoring of Megan banging her head is
called extinction - ✔✔extinction
✔✔deprivation - ✔✔The absence or reduction of a reinforcer for a period of time. The
depravation is an establishing operation that increases the effectiveness of the
reinforcer.
✔✔Tomi has not had a eaten since 7:00am. It is 10:00am now, the therapist offers Tomi
food during a preference assessment. Tomi chooses food. He gets 100% correct on his
Community Helper's lesson with receiving a bite of food after each correct response. -
✔✔deprivation
✔✔satiation - ✔✔: Repeated presentation of a reinforcer weakens its effectiveness and
for this reason the rate of responses declines
✔✔Elijah has just eaten lunch. The therapist brings him into session and plans on using
pieces of carrots as a reinforcer. Carrots are Elijah's favorite food. Elijah refuses the
carrots and begins to not respond during his ABA session. He just ate lunch and is
satiated on food. - ✔✔satiation
✔✔contingency - ✔✔Refers to dependent and/or temporal relations between operant
behavior and its controlling variables
✔✔If Kora follows 10 directions, receiving tokens for each direction, she will receive a
break from work. The break from work is CONTINGENT upon her following 10
directions. - ✔✔contingency
✔✔motivating operation - ✔✔An environmental variable that alters the reinforcing
effectiveness of some stimulus, object or event.
✔✔: Calin has been receiving potato chips as a reinforcer. Calin stops eating the chips.
She has not had anything to drink in quite some time. The therapist switches to juice as
a reinforcer. Calin became satiated on the chips and has been deprived of a drink,
, therefore eating the chips had altered the effectiveness of the juice. - ✔✔motivating
operation
✔✔antecedent - ✔✔environmental events that occur before a behavior
✔✔Jim threw his tablet at his mom when she answered the phone. The mother
answering the phone was the antecedent to him throwing the tablet.
Adam pushes the button "play music" on his ACD when the therapist shows him his
MP3 player. The visual of the MP3 player is the Antecedent of Adam requesting the
therapist to play music. - ✔✔antecedent
✔✔behavior - ✔✔anything an organism does
✔✔If a person itches their eye. If a person hits another person. If a person breathes. If a
person exchanges an icon. If a person is sleeping. If a person says "purple." -
✔✔behavior
✔✔consequence - ✔✔Environmental events that occur after a behavior.
✔✔A therapist tells Kendra to say shoe. Kendra says "shoe," the therapist says
"YAHOO." Yahoo is a consequence to the Kendra saying "shoe." Jeff drops a rock into
a bucket of water, the water splashes out of the bucket. The splash is the consequence
of the rock being dropped into the water. Vinnie pinches his teacher, the teacher ignores
the pinch. The teacher ignoring the pinch is a consequence to the pinching behavior. -
✔✔consequence
✔✔3-term contingency - ✔✔Also referred to as the ABC's of behavior (antecedent-
behavior-consequence). It illustrates how behavior is elicited by the environment and
how the consequences of behavior can affect its future occurrence.
✔✔1) Antecedent- Traffic light turns red, Behavior- press foot onto the brakes,
Consequence- Car stops at intersection. 2) Antecedent- Therapist tells Sara "Say
cookie", Behavior Sara says "cookie" Consequence- Sara gets a cookie - ✔✔3-term
contingency
✔✔stimulus - ✔✔Any physical object or event that has an effect on the behavior of an
individual. The stimulus can be internal (e.g. pain, hunger etc.) or external.
✔✔The presentation of a food and the child says "I am hungry"(food is the stimulus).
The congestion the adult feels in their nose then they blow their nose (the congestion is
the stimulus). - ✔✔stimulus
✔✔discriminative stimulus (SD) - ✔✔Any event in the presence of which a target
behavior is likely to have consequences that affect its frequency.
AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Punisher - ✔✔A stimulus that is either delivered or removed that will DECREASE
the likelihood of that response occurring in the future
✔✔Jen receives a shock each time she touches the door to leave the house. The shock
is a POSITIVE punisher.
Chris earns tokens for not having tantrums. When he gets 10 tokens he can play a
video game. If Chris tantrums, a token is removed. The removal of a token is a
NEGATIVE punisher. - ✔✔punisher
✔✔conditioned reinforcer - ✔✔A stimulus that initially has no reinforcing properties but
through occurring simultaneously with an unconditioned or strongly conditioned
reinforcer, acquires reinforcing properties.
✔✔Mary had never demonstrated that bubbles were reinforcing to her. Mary is
presented bubbles every time she gives a correct response in conjunction with a piece
of an apple. Mary begins to choose bubbles during a preference assessment. Bubbles
became a conditioned reinforcer. - ✔✔conditioned reinforcer
✔✔unconditioned reinforcer - ✔✔A stimulus, such as food, water, shelter or clothing
that is reinforcing in the absence of any prior learning history.
,✔✔Marius will complete any task that he is told to do if he knows food is available to
him after he has completed the task. Food is an unconditioned reinforcer -
✔✔unconditioned reinforcer
✔✔extinction - ✔✔a procedure by which a behavior that was previously reinforced no
longer receives reinforcement and the probability of the behavior decreases.
✔✔Megan bangs her head to get her mothers attention. When Megan bangs her head,
her mother comes running over to her to try to stop her. Megan's mother stops coming
to her when she bangs her head. The planned ignoring of Megan banging her head is
called extinction - ✔✔extinction
✔✔deprivation - ✔✔The absence or reduction of a reinforcer for a period of time. The
depravation is an establishing operation that increases the effectiveness of the
reinforcer.
✔✔Tomi has not had a eaten since 7:00am. It is 10:00am now, the therapist offers Tomi
food during a preference assessment. Tomi chooses food. He gets 100% correct on his
Community Helper's lesson with receiving a bite of food after each correct response. -
✔✔deprivation
✔✔satiation - ✔✔: Repeated presentation of a reinforcer weakens its effectiveness and
for this reason the rate of responses declines
✔✔Elijah has just eaten lunch. The therapist brings him into session and plans on using
pieces of carrots as a reinforcer. Carrots are Elijah's favorite food. Elijah refuses the
carrots and begins to not respond during his ABA session. He just ate lunch and is
satiated on food. - ✔✔satiation
✔✔contingency - ✔✔Refers to dependent and/or temporal relations between operant
behavior and its controlling variables
✔✔If Kora follows 10 directions, receiving tokens for each direction, she will receive a
break from work. The break from work is CONTINGENT upon her following 10
directions. - ✔✔contingency
✔✔motivating operation - ✔✔An environmental variable that alters the reinforcing
effectiveness of some stimulus, object or event.
✔✔: Calin has been receiving potato chips as a reinforcer. Calin stops eating the chips.
She has not had anything to drink in quite some time. The therapist switches to juice as
a reinforcer. Calin became satiated on the chips and has been deprived of a drink,
, therefore eating the chips had altered the effectiveness of the juice. - ✔✔motivating
operation
✔✔antecedent - ✔✔environmental events that occur before a behavior
✔✔Jim threw his tablet at his mom when she answered the phone. The mother
answering the phone was the antecedent to him throwing the tablet.
Adam pushes the button "play music" on his ACD when the therapist shows him his
MP3 player. The visual of the MP3 player is the Antecedent of Adam requesting the
therapist to play music. - ✔✔antecedent
✔✔behavior - ✔✔anything an organism does
✔✔If a person itches their eye. If a person hits another person. If a person breathes. If a
person exchanges an icon. If a person is sleeping. If a person says "purple." -
✔✔behavior
✔✔consequence - ✔✔Environmental events that occur after a behavior.
✔✔A therapist tells Kendra to say shoe. Kendra says "shoe," the therapist says
"YAHOO." Yahoo is a consequence to the Kendra saying "shoe." Jeff drops a rock into
a bucket of water, the water splashes out of the bucket. The splash is the consequence
of the rock being dropped into the water. Vinnie pinches his teacher, the teacher ignores
the pinch. The teacher ignoring the pinch is a consequence to the pinching behavior. -
✔✔consequence
✔✔3-term contingency - ✔✔Also referred to as the ABC's of behavior (antecedent-
behavior-consequence). It illustrates how behavior is elicited by the environment and
how the consequences of behavior can affect its future occurrence.
✔✔1) Antecedent- Traffic light turns red, Behavior- press foot onto the brakes,
Consequence- Car stops at intersection. 2) Antecedent- Therapist tells Sara "Say
cookie", Behavior Sara says "cookie" Consequence- Sara gets a cookie - ✔✔3-term
contingency
✔✔stimulus - ✔✔Any physical object or event that has an effect on the behavior of an
individual. The stimulus can be internal (e.g. pain, hunger etc.) or external.
✔✔The presentation of a food and the child says "I am hungry"(food is the stimulus).
The congestion the adult feels in their nose then they blow their nose (the congestion is
the stimulus). - ✔✔stimulus
✔✔discriminative stimulus (SD) - ✔✔Any event in the presence of which a target
behavior is likely to have consequences that affect its frequency.
