EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) Q&A 2026 INSTANT
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1. Which theorist is best known for psychosocial development
across the lifespan?
A. Jean Piaget
B. Erik Erikson
C. Sigmund Freud
D. Lawrence Kohlberg
Rationale: Erikson developed eight stages of psychosocial
development spanning infancy to late adulthood, focusing on
social and emotional growth.
Correct Answer: B. Erik Erikson
2. During which stage of Piaget’s cognitive development does
object permanence typically develop?
A. Preoperational
B. Sensorimotor
C. Concrete operational
D. Formal operational
Rationale: Object permanence develops in the sensorimotor
stage (0–2 years).
Correct Answer: B. Sensorimotor
,3. Which stage is characterized by abstract thinking and
hypothetical reasoning?
A. Concrete operational
B. Sensorimotor
C. Preoperational
D. Formal operational
Rationale: Formal operational stage allows abstract and
hypothetical thinking.
Correct Answer: D. Formal operational
4. According to Freud, the primary focus of the oral stage is:
A. Toilet training
B. Genital awareness
C. Mouth-related pleasure
D. Social relationships
Rationale: Oral stage (0–1 year) focuses on feeding and oral
stimulation.
Correct Answer: C. Mouth-related pleasure
5. What is the primary task of Erikson’s “trust vs mistrust”
stage?
A. Developing independence
B. Forming identity
,C. Establishing trust in caregivers
D. Achieving intimacy
Rationale: Infants learn whether caregivers are reliable and
safe.
Correct Answer: C. Establishing trust in caregivers
6. Which principle of development refers to growth
proceeding from head to toe?
A. Proximodistal
B. Cephalocaudal
C. Sequential
D. Multidirectional
Rationale: Cephalocaudal development means head-to-toe
progression.
Correct Answer: B. Cephalocaudal
7. In Kohlberg’s theory, moral reasoning based on avoiding
punishment is called:
A. Post-conventional
B. Conventional
C. Pre-conventional
D. Universal ethical principle
, Rationale: Pre-conventional stage focuses on punishment and
reward.
Correct Answer: C. Pre-conventional
8. What is the primary focus of the preoperational stage?
A. Logical reasoning
B. Abstract thinking
C. Symbolic thinking and egocentrism
D. Hypothetical reasoning
Rationale: Children use symbols but lack logical operations.
Correct Answer: C. Symbolic thinking and egocentrism
9. Which developmental principle states that development is
orderly and follows a predictable pattern?
A. Random growth
B. Maturation
C. Sequential development
D. Genetic drift
Rationale: Development follows a predictable sequence across
individuals.
Correct Answer: C. Sequential development
10. What is the main focus of Erikson’s adolescence stage?