1|Page
SSM TCAR(TRAUMA CARE AFTER
RESUSCITATION) PRACTICE EXAM/STUDY
GUIDE 2026 ALL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS ALREADY
A GRADED|NEW AND REVISED
Energy transmission in a rollover depends on? - ANSWER-
Deceleration distance
Energy is dissipated over the distance of the roll and whether or not the
occupants are restrained
Car vs pedestrian injuries depend on? - ANSWER- Point of contact with
the care
Height of hood & bumper
Size & weight of vehicle
Height of patient
Direction patient was facing when struck
What is the most common mechanism of injury in all age groups? -
ANSWER- Falls
Factors predicting fall injuries are? - ANSWER- Fall height (velocity)
Landing surface (deceleration distance)
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Point of impact on the body
Wound ballistics- permanent cavity - ANSWER- Cavity is the a function
of the size, shape, and characteristic of the missile (mass)
For every second of fall time, speed increases by? - ANSWER- Speed
increases by approximately 20 MPH
Define Shock? - ANSWER- A state in which cellular oxygen demand
exceeds supply
When the cost of tissue oxygen is higher than the body can pay, an
oxygen debt develops.
Types of shock per TCAR? - ANSWER- Pumps-Site of defect heart
Pipes- site of defect is artery, veins or capillaries
Fluid-intravascular, interstitial or intracellular
VS in shock? - ANSWER- Narrow pulse pressure
Tachycardia
Low CO
How many ATP molecules are produced with oxygen & glucose? -
ANSWER- 32 ATP molecules
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How many ATP molecules are produced without oxygen? - ANSWER-
2 ATP molecules
Normal pH? - ANSWER- Refernce range is 7.35-7.45, but actual normal
range is 7.38-7.42
What is the footprint of shock? - ANSWER- Lactic Acidosis
What 2 things affect the amount of oxygen availalbe to the cells? -
ANSWER- Temperature & pH, which is the oxyhemoglobin
dissociation curve
Oxyhemoglobin dissociation shift to the right? - ANSWER- Acidosis,
elevated temp
More oxygen available to the cells
Oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve shift to the left? - ANSWER-
Hypothermia, alkalosis
Less oxygen available to the cells
H & H is a measure of ? - ANSWER- It is a measure of hemodilution
rather than blood loss.
What are the hormonal responses to shock? - ANSWER- Promote body
water retentions by secretion of ADH & activation of RAAS
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What are the inflammatory responses to shock? - ANSWER- SIRS
Which is a production of pro-inflammatory mediators, histamine release,
and capillary leakage
Inadvertent esophageal intubation assessment findings include? -
ANSWER- Gastric distention,
absent breath sounds,
minimal chest wall movement and
rapid deterioration
What is the normal PaCO2 and what does it measure? - ANSWER-
Normal is 35-45 mmHg
It is the measurement of ventilation
Clinical assessment- rate, depth, and work of breathing
What is the normal PaO2 and what does it measure? - ANSWER-
Normal is 80-100 mmHG
It is a measurement of diffusion
It reflects a problems with alveoli or pulmonary circulation
How do you calculate expected PaO2? - ANSWER- FIO2 x 5
If it's less than expected for a given FIO2, it is a diffusion problem
SSM TCAR(TRAUMA CARE AFTER
RESUSCITATION) PRACTICE EXAM/STUDY
GUIDE 2026 ALL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS ALREADY
A GRADED|NEW AND REVISED
Energy transmission in a rollover depends on? - ANSWER-
Deceleration distance
Energy is dissipated over the distance of the roll and whether or not the
occupants are restrained
Car vs pedestrian injuries depend on? - ANSWER- Point of contact with
the care
Height of hood & bumper
Size & weight of vehicle
Height of patient
Direction patient was facing when struck
What is the most common mechanism of injury in all age groups? -
ANSWER- Falls
Factors predicting fall injuries are? - ANSWER- Fall height (velocity)
Landing surface (deceleration distance)
,2|Page
Point of impact on the body
Wound ballistics- permanent cavity - ANSWER- Cavity is the a function
of the size, shape, and characteristic of the missile (mass)
For every second of fall time, speed increases by? - ANSWER- Speed
increases by approximately 20 MPH
Define Shock? - ANSWER- A state in which cellular oxygen demand
exceeds supply
When the cost of tissue oxygen is higher than the body can pay, an
oxygen debt develops.
Types of shock per TCAR? - ANSWER- Pumps-Site of defect heart
Pipes- site of defect is artery, veins or capillaries
Fluid-intravascular, interstitial or intracellular
VS in shock? - ANSWER- Narrow pulse pressure
Tachycardia
Low CO
How many ATP molecules are produced with oxygen & glucose? -
ANSWER- 32 ATP molecules
,3|Page
How many ATP molecules are produced without oxygen? - ANSWER-
2 ATP molecules
Normal pH? - ANSWER- Refernce range is 7.35-7.45, but actual normal
range is 7.38-7.42
What is the footprint of shock? - ANSWER- Lactic Acidosis
What 2 things affect the amount of oxygen availalbe to the cells? -
ANSWER- Temperature & pH, which is the oxyhemoglobin
dissociation curve
Oxyhemoglobin dissociation shift to the right? - ANSWER- Acidosis,
elevated temp
More oxygen available to the cells
Oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve shift to the left? - ANSWER-
Hypothermia, alkalosis
Less oxygen available to the cells
H & H is a measure of ? - ANSWER- It is a measure of hemodilution
rather than blood loss.
What are the hormonal responses to shock? - ANSWER- Promote body
water retentions by secretion of ADH & activation of RAAS
, 4|Page
What are the inflammatory responses to shock? - ANSWER- SIRS
Which is a production of pro-inflammatory mediators, histamine release,
and capillary leakage
Inadvertent esophageal intubation assessment findings include? -
ANSWER- Gastric distention,
absent breath sounds,
minimal chest wall movement and
rapid deterioration
What is the normal PaCO2 and what does it measure? - ANSWER-
Normal is 35-45 mmHg
It is the measurement of ventilation
Clinical assessment- rate, depth, and work of breathing
What is the normal PaO2 and what does it measure? - ANSWER-
Normal is 80-100 mmHG
It is a measurement of diffusion
It reflects a problems with alveoli or pulmonary circulation
How do you calculate expected PaO2? - ANSWER- FIO2 x 5
If it's less than expected for a given FIO2, it is a diffusion problem
