OPHTHALMIC TECHNICIAN UPDATED FINAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Cataract - ✔✔- partial or complete cloudiness of lens of eye, causing partial or total
loss of vision
- eventually clouded lens in eye will need to be removed surgically and an intraocular
lens implant inserted to take its place
✔✔central retinal artery - ✔✔First branch of the ophthalmic artery; supplies nutrition to
the inner two-thirds of the retina.
✔✔center retinal vein - ✔✔- blood vessel that carries blood away from retina
✔✔corneal abrasion - ✔✔an injury, such as a scratch or irritation, to the outer layers of
the cornea
✔✔Cones (cone cells) - ✔✔- one type of specialized light-sensitive cells
(photoreceptors) in the retina that provide sharp central vision and color vision
✔✔conjunctivitis - ✔✔- inflammation of the cunjunctiva, transparent layer covering inner
eyelid and sclera of eyeball
- causes virus, bacteria, fungus (aka pink eye, can be contagious); allergies to pollen,
fabrics, animals, or cosmetics (allergic conjunctivitis); air pollution or fumes such as
swimming pool chlorine (chemical conjunctivitis)
, s/s - red or watery eyes, blurred vision, inflamed inner eyelids, scratchiness in eyes,
puss, watery discharge
tx - antibiotic eye drops and/or ointment
✔✔cover test - ✔✔- test of eyeball alignment in which eye is covered w/occluder (eye
cover) and then uncovered to observe eye movements
- to ensure eye doesn't move when focusing
✔✔diabetic retinopathy - ✔✔- weakens and causes retinal changes in small blood
vessels that nourish eye's diagram
(diagram - drawing illustrating the basic frame measurements)
✔✔drusen - ✔✔- tiny yellow/white deposits in retina or optic nerve head
✔✔ECP - ✔✔aka eyecare professional
✔✔emmetropia - ✔✔normal vision
✔✔extraocular muscles - ✔✔- muscles attached to outside of the eyeball which control
eye movement
- each eye has 6 muscles that are coordinated by the brain
✔✔fovea - ✔✔- central part of macula
- provides sharpest vision and contains most cones
✔✔Glaucoma - ✔✔- disease associated w/ increased pressure of fluid in the eye
- may show no s/s
- the disease damages the optic nerve = possible blindness
TX - med drops and/or surgery
✔✔hypertropia - ✔✔eyes point upward
✔✔hypotropia - ✔✔condition in which the eyes point downward
✔✔Intraocular Pressure (IOP) - ✔✔pressure of fluid in eye
✔✔Jaeger Test - ✔✔- acuity test for near vision
✔✔Keratitis - ✔✔inflammation of the cornea
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Cataract - ✔✔- partial or complete cloudiness of lens of eye, causing partial or total
loss of vision
- eventually clouded lens in eye will need to be removed surgically and an intraocular
lens implant inserted to take its place
✔✔central retinal artery - ✔✔First branch of the ophthalmic artery; supplies nutrition to
the inner two-thirds of the retina.
✔✔center retinal vein - ✔✔- blood vessel that carries blood away from retina
✔✔corneal abrasion - ✔✔an injury, such as a scratch or irritation, to the outer layers of
the cornea
✔✔Cones (cone cells) - ✔✔- one type of specialized light-sensitive cells
(photoreceptors) in the retina that provide sharp central vision and color vision
✔✔conjunctivitis - ✔✔- inflammation of the cunjunctiva, transparent layer covering inner
eyelid and sclera of eyeball
- causes virus, bacteria, fungus (aka pink eye, can be contagious); allergies to pollen,
fabrics, animals, or cosmetics (allergic conjunctivitis); air pollution or fumes such as
swimming pool chlorine (chemical conjunctivitis)
, s/s - red or watery eyes, blurred vision, inflamed inner eyelids, scratchiness in eyes,
puss, watery discharge
tx - antibiotic eye drops and/or ointment
✔✔cover test - ✔✔- test of eyeball alignment in which eye is covered w/occluder (eye
cover) and then uncovered to observe eye movements
- to ensure eye doesn't move when focusing
✔✔diabetic retinopathy - ✔✔- weakens and causes retinal changes in small blood
vessels that nourish eye's diagram
(diagram - drawing illustrating the basic frame measurements)
✔✔drusen - ✔✔- tiny yellow/white deposits in retina or optic nerve head
✔✔ECP - ✔✔aka eyecare professional
✔✔emmetropia - ✔✔normal vision
✔✔extraocular muscles - ✔✔- muscles attached to outside of the eyeball which control
eye movement
- each eye has 6 muscles that are coordinated by the brain
✔✔fovea - ✔✔- central part of macula
- provides sharpest vision and contains most cones
✔✔Glaucoma - ✔✔- disease associated w/ increased pressure of fluid in the eye
- may show no s/s
- the disease damages the optic nerve = possible blindness
TX - med drops and/or surgery
✔✔hypertropia - ✔✔eyes point upward
✔✔hypotropia - ✔✔condition in which the eyes point downward
✔✔Intraocular Pressure (IOP) - ✔✔pressure of fluid in eye
✔✔Jaeger Test - ✔✔- acuity test for near vision
✔✔Keratitis - ✔✔inflammation of the cornea
