MATERNAL AND PEDIATRIC NURSING
EXAM TEST BANK QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2026-2027 ALREADY PASSED
5. What is the viral pathogen that frequently causes acute
diarrhea in young children?
a. Giardia organisms
b. Shigella organisms
c. Rotavirus
d. Salmonella organisms - correct answer - ANS: C
Rotavirus is the most common viral pathogen that causes
diarrhea in young children. Giardia and Salmonella are
bacterial pathogens that also cause diarrhea. Shigella is a
bacterial pathogen that is uncommon in Canada.
14. A 16-year-old boy with a chronic illness has recently
become rebellious and is taking risks such as missing
doses of his medication. What should the nurse explain
about this behaviour to his parents?
a. He needs more discipline.
b. He needs more socialization with peers.
c. This is part of normal adolescence.
d. This is how he is asking for more parental control. -
correct answer - ANS: C
,Risk-taking rebelliousness and lack of cooperation are
normal parts of adolescence during which the young
adult is establishing independence. If the parents
increase the amount of discipline the boy will most likely
become more rebellious. Socialization with peers should
be encouraged.
A 3-month-old infant born at 38 weeks of gestation will
hold a rattle if it is put in her hands but she will not
voluntarily grasp it. How should the nurse interpret this
behaviour?
a. This is normal development.
b. This is a significant developmental lag.
c. This is slightly delayed development caused by
prematurity.
d. This is suggestive of a neurological disorder such as
cerebral palsy. - correct answer - ANS: A
This action indicates normal development. Reflexive
grasping occurs during the first 2 to 3 months and then
gradually becomes voluntary. No evidence of neurological
dysfunction is present.
A 3-year-old child is hospitalized after a submersion
injury. The child's mother complains to the nurse "This
seems unnecessary when he is perfectly fine." What is
the basis for the nurses' response?
,a. Supplemental oxygen is required after submersion
injuries.
b. Hospitalization is probably not required.
c. Complications can occur after a submersion injury.
d. Observation is required for possible central nervous
system problems. - correct answer - ANS: C
All children who have a submersion injury experience
should be admitted to the hospital for observation. The
nurse should clarify that different complications can occur
up to 24 hours later and that observations are necessary.
Although many children do not appear to suffer adverse
effects from the event complications such as respiratory
compromise and cerebral edema may occur 24 hours
after the incident. The child may or may not require
additional oxygen.
A 3-year-old child with Hirschsprung's disease is
hospitalized for surgery. A temporary colostomy will be
necessary. What should the nurse recognize about
preparing this child psychologically for surgery?
a. It is not necessary because of child's age.
b. It is not necessary because the colostomy is temporary.
c. It is necessary because it will require the child's
adjustment.
d. It is necessary because the child must deal with a
negative body image. - correct answer - ANS: C
, The child's age dictates the type and extent of
psychological preparation. Before a colostomy is
performed a child who is at least preschool age must be
told about the procedure and what to expect in concrete
terms with the use of visual aids. It is necessary to
prepare a child this age for procedures. The preschooler is
not yet concerned with body image.
A 4-month-old infant has gastroesophageal reflux (GER)
but is thriving without other complications. What should
the nurse suggest to minimize reflux?
a. Place the child in Trendelenburg position after eating.
b. Thicken formula with rice cereal.
c. Give continuous nasogastric tube feedings.
d. Give larger less frequent feedings. - correct answer -
ANS: B
Small frequent feedings of formula combined with 5 to 15
mL of rice cereal per 30 mL of formula has been
recommended. Milk thickening agents have been shown
to decrease the number of episodes of vomiting and
increase the caloric density of the formula. This may
benefit infants who are underweight as a result of GER.
Placing the child in a Trendelenburg position increases the
reflux. Continuous nasogastric feedings are reserved for
infants with severe reflux and failure to thrive.
EXAM TEST BANK QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2026-2027 ALREADY PASSED
5. What is the viral pathogen that frequently causes acute
diarrhea in young children?
a. Giardia organisms
b. Shigella organisms
c. Rotavirus
d. Salmonella organisms - correct answer - ANS: C
Rotavirus is the most common viral pathogen that causes
diarrhea in young children. Giardia and Salmonella are
bacterial pathogens that also cause diarrhea. Shigella is a
bacterial pathogen that is uncommon in Canada.
14. A 16-year-old boy with a chronic illness has recently
become rebellious and is taking risks such as missing
doses of his medication. What should the nurse explain
about this behaviour to his parents?
a. He needs more discipline.
b. He needs more socialization with peers.
c. This is part of normal adolescence.
d. This is how he is asking for more parental control. -
correct answer - ANS: C
,Risk-taking rebelliousness and lack of cooperation are
normal parts of adolescence during which the young
adult is establishing independence. If the parents
increase the amount of discipline the boy will most likely
become more rebellious. Socialization with peers should
be encouraged.
A 3-month-old infant born at 38 weeks of gestation will
hold a rattle if it is put in her hands but she will not
voluntarily grasp it. How should the nurse interpret this
behaviour?
a. This is normal development.
b. This is a significant developmental lag.
c. This is slightly delayed development caused by
prematurity.
d. This is suggestive of a neurological disorder such as
cerebral palsy. - correct answer - ANS: A
This action indicates normal development. Reflexive
grasping occurs during the first 2 to 3 months and then
gradually becomes voluntary. No evidence of neurological
dysfunction is present.
A 3-year-old child is hospitalized after a submersion
injury. The child's mother complains to the nurse "This
seems unnecessary when he is perfectly fine." What is
the basis for the nurses' response?
,a. Supplemental oxygen is required after submersion
injuries.
b. Hospitalization is probably not required.
c. Complications can occur after a submersion injury.
d. Observation is required for possible central nervous
system problems. - correct answer - ANS: C
All children who have a submersion injury experience
should be admitted to the hospital for observation. The
nurse should clarify that different complications can occur
up to 24 hours later and that observations are necessary.
Although many children do not appear to suffer adverse
effects from the event complications such as respiratory
compromise and cerebral edema may occur 24 hours
after the incident. The child may or may not require
additional oxygen.
A 3-year-old child with Hirschsprung's disease is
hospitalized for surgery. A temporary colostomy will be
necessary. What should the nurse recognize about
preparing this child psychologically for surgery?
a. It is not necessary because of child's age.
b. It is not necessary because the colostomy is temporary.
c. It is necessary because it will require the child's
adjustment.
d. It is necessary because the child must deal with a
negative body image. - correct answer - ANS: C
, The child's age dictates the type and extent of
psychological preparation. Before a colostomy is
performed a child who is at least preschool age must be
told about the procedure and what to expect in concrete
terms with the use of visual aids. It is necessary to
prepare a child this age for procedures. The preschooler is
not yet concerned with body image.
A 4-month-old infant has gastroesophageal reflux (GER)
but is thriving without other complications. What should
the nurse suggest to minimize reflux?
a. Place the child in Trendelenburg position after eating.
b. Thicken formula with rice cereal.
c. Give continuous nasogastric tube feedings.
d. Give larger less frequent feedings. - correct answer -
ANS: B
Small frequent feedings of formula combined with 5 to 15
mL of rice cereal per 30 mL of formula has been
recommended. Milk thickening agents have been shown
to decrease the number of episodes of vomiting and
increase the caloric density of the formula. This may
benefit infants who are underweight as a result of GER.
Placing the child in a Trendelenburg position increases the
reflux. Continuous nasogastric feedings are reserved for
infants with severe reflux and failure to thrive.
