PSY 357 Exam 2 GVSU Newest 2026 Questions
and Correct Detailed Answers Already Graded A+
Understand the implications of the "Best Buy" demo, and know how the original
speaker might
perform on the demo as well. CORRECT ANSWER-The original speaker might
not be able to understand the individual parts presented in the sentence. The
demo seemed to show that context helps us distinguish where words end and
begin. "Did you go to Best Buy?" Couldn't distinguish go and to by themselves.
Context is important when segmenting individual words from each other.
Be able to identify the principles of speech perception or name of the theory
supported by the
McGurk Effect. CORRECT ANSWER-Suggests that the perceptual system is
aligned with the production system; we perceive speech according to how we
could imagine ourselves producing it. This theory was originally supported by the
motor theory of speech perception (it's what you just described). The McGurk
effect is that we are watching someone's mouth moving a different way than
what the actual words are, so we then combine what we think and what we
actually hear. It is what it was originally supposed to support.
,Be able to identify the broad category of processing that explains both phonemic
restoration and
successful speech segmentation of first languages CORRECT ANSWER-Top-
down Processing: Uses contexts or the surrounding words and phonemes as well
as experience and prior knowledge of language to complete phrases and aid in
overall understanding of the sentence.
Phonemic Restoration: Top-down processing effect in which even though the
bottom-up signal is incomplete, we perceive it to be complete by filling in the
gaps
Be able to identify descriptions of the results and implications of Neisser's 1964
study of visual
search. Is it an example of bottom-up or top-down processing? How? CORRECT
ANSWER-Showed participants a list of letters, and had to find Z. In lists with
letters that have similar features to Z (no curved lines, etc.), participants were
slower to find Z. This signals bottom-up processing since we perceive letters as a
combination of features.
Understand how the assumptions made by Orwell in 1984 illustrate the concept
of linguistic determinism. CORRECT ANSWER-The words that are available to
us will determine how we think. If these words go away, we won't have those
thoughts. Linguistic determinism is the concept that language and its structures
, limit and determine human knowledge or thought, as well as thought processes
such as categorization, memory, and perception.
How many words do Eskimos have for snow, according to Whorf? How many
words to
Eskimos have for snow, according to Pullum? Is it truly different than the number
of words that
any other culture has for snow? CORRECT ANSWER-Whorf believes there are
at least 7 different words for snow that Eskimos use.
Pullum believes that there are 2 different words for snow that Eskimos use.
It is not truly different than what other cultures have for snow. In fact, English
may have more words than Eskmos do, such as snow, slush, sleet, blizzard, etc.
Pullum suggests that this is the case because Eskimos expect snow to be their
background. Even beach bums, Pullum says, only have one word for sand.
What sequence of events led to so many reputable sources being wrong about
the number of
Eskimo words for snow? What role did Whorf himself play in this sequence? What
have been the
and Correct Detailed Answers Already Graded A+
Understand the implications of the "Best Buy" demo, and know how the original
speaker might
perform on the demo as well. CORRECT ANSWER-The original speaker might
not be able to understand the individual parts presented in the sentence. The
demo seemed to show that context helps us distinguish where words end and
begin. "Did you go to Best Buy?" Couldn't distinguish go and to by themselves.
Context is important when segmenting individual words from each other.
Be able to identify the principles of speech perception or name of the theory
supported by the
McGurk Effect. CORRECT ANSWER-Suggests that the perceptual system is
aligned with the production system; we perceive speech according to how we
could imagine ourselves producing it. This theory was originally supported by the
motor theory of speech perception (it's what you just described). The McGurk
effect is that we are watching someone's mouth moving a different way than
what the actual words are, so we then combine what we think and what we
actually hear. It is what it was originally supposed to support.
,Be able to identify the broad category of processing that explains both phonemic
restoration and
successful speech segmentation of first languages CORRECT ANSWER-Top-
down Processing: Uses contexts or the surrounding words and phonemes as well
as experience and prior knowledge of language to complete phrases and aid in
overall understanding of the sentence.
Phonemic Restoration: Top-down processing effect in which even though the
bottom-up signal is incomplete, we perceive it to be complete by filling in the
gaps
Be able to identify descriptions of the results and implications of Neisser's 1964
study of visual
search. Is it an example of bottom-up or top-down processing? How? CORRECT
ANSWER-Showed participants a list of letters, and had to find Z. In lists with
letters that have similar features to Z (no curved lines, etc.), participants were
slower to find Z. This signals bottom-up processing since we perceive letters as a
combination of features.
Understand how the assumptions made by Orwell in 1984 illustrate the concept
of linguistic determinism. CORRECT ANSWER-The words that are available to
us will determine how we think. If these words go away, we won't have those
thoughts. Linguistic determinism is the concept that language and its structures
, limit and determine human knowledge or thought, as well as thought processes
such as categorization, memory, and perception.
How many words do Eskimos have for snow, according to Whorf? How many
words to
Eskimos have for snow, according to Pullum? Is it truly different than the number
of words that
any other culture has for snow? CORRECT ANSWER-Whorf believes there are
at least 7 different words for snow that Eskimos use.
Pullum believes that there are 2 different words for snow that Eskimos use.
It is not truly different than what other cultures have for snow. In fact, English
may have more words than Eskmos do, such as snow, slush, sleet, blizzard, etc.
Pullum suggests that this is the case because Eskimos expect snow to be their
background. Even beach bums, Pullum says, only have one word for sand.
What sequence of events led to so many reputable sources being wrong about
the number of
Eskimo words for snow? What role did Whorf himself play in this sequence? What
have been the
