Pharmacology NURS 251 Module 1 to 10
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ABCnursing/Geneva College Questions
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Question 1: The study of what the body does to a drug (absorption, distribution,
metabolism, excretion) is known as:
A. Pharmacodynamics
B. Pharmacokinetics
C. Pharmacotherapeutics
D. Pharmacogenomics
Correct Answer: B. Pharmacokinetics
Rationale: Pharmacokinetics describes drug movement through the body.
Pharmacodynamics describes what the drug does to the body.
Question 2: Which process involves the movement of a drug from its
administration site into the bloodstream?
A. Distribution
B. Metabolism
,C. Absorption
D. Excretion
Correct Answer: C. Absorption
Rationale: Absorption is the first phase of pharmacokinetics, determining how
quickly and efficiently a drug enters systemic circulation.
Question 3: A drug that is highly protein-bound will have which characteristic?
A. Rapid excretion
B. Long duration of action
C. Immediate onset
D. Low risk of drug interactions
Correct Answer: B. Long duration of action
Rationale: Protein-bound drugs are stored in the bloodstream and released slowly,
prolonging their therapeutic effect.
Question 4: Which organ is primarily responsible for drug metabolism?
A. Kidney
B. Liver
C. Heart
D. Lungs
Correct Answer: B. Liver
,Rationale: The liver contains cytochrome P450 enzymes that metabolize most
drugs into water-soluble forms for excretion.
Question 5: A patient with renal failure may require dosage adjustment primarily
due to impaired:
A. Absorption
B. Distribution
C. Metabolism
D. Excretion
Correct Answer: D. Excretion
Rationale: The kidneys excrete most drugs and their metabolites. Renal
impairment can lead to drug accumulation and toxicity.
Question 6: The term "first-pass effect" refers to:
A. Drug absorption through the skin
B. Drug metabolism in the liver before reaching systemic circulation
C. Drug excretion in the urine
D. Drug binding to plasma proteins
Correct Answer: B. Drug metabolism in the liver before reaching systemic
circulation
, Rationale: Orally administered drugs are absorbed from the GI tract and carried
via the portal vein to the liver, where they may be partially metabolized before
reaching systemic circulation.
Question 7: Which route of administration completely bypasses the first-pass
effect?
A. Oral
B. Sublingual
C. Rectal
D. Intravenous
Correct Answer: D. Intravenous
Rationale: IV administration places the drug directly into systemic circulation,
completely avoiding hepatic first-pass metabolism. Sublingual and rectal routes
partially bypass it.
Question 8: The half-life of a drug is defined as:
A. The time until the drug is completely eliminated
B. The time required for the drug concentration to decrease by 50%
C. The time to reach peak plasma concentration
D. The time until the drug begins to work
Correct Answer: B. The time required for the drug concentration to decrease
by 50%
Exam () portage learning/
ABCnursing/Geneva College Questions
and Verified Answers, 100% Guarantee
Pass
Question 1: The study of what the body does to a drug (absorption, distribution,
metabolism, excretion) is known as:
A. Pharmacodynamics
B. Pharmacokinetics
C. Pharmacotherapeutics
D. Pharmacogenomics
Correct Answer: B. Pharmacokinetics
Rationale: Pharmacokinetics describes drug movement through the body.
Pharmacodynamics describes what the drug does to the body.
Question 2: Which process involves the movement of a drug from its
administration site into the bloodstream?
A. Distribution
B. Metabolism
,C. Absorption
D. Excretion
Correct Answer: C. Absorption
Rationale: Absorption is the first phase of pharmacokinetics, determining how
quickly and efficiently a drug enters systemic circulation.
Question 3: A drug that is highly protein-bound will have which characteristic?
A. Rapid excretion
B. Long duration of action
C. Immediate onset
D. Low risk of drug interactions
Correct Answer: B. Long duration of action
Rationale: Protein-bound drugs are stored in the bloodstream and released slowly,
prolonging their therapeutic effect.
Question 4: Which organ is primarily responsible for drug metabolism?
A. Kidney
B. Liver
C. Heart
D. Lungs
Correct Answer: B. Liver
,Rationale: The liver contains cytochrome P450 enzymes that metabolize most
drugs into water-soluble forms for excretion.
Question 5: A patient with renal failure may require dosage adjustment primarily
due to impaired:
A. Absorption
B. Distribution
C. Metabolism
D. Excretion
Correct Answer: D. Excretion
Rationale: The kidneys excrete most drugs and their metabolites. Renal
impairment can lead to drug accumulation and toxicity.
Question 6: The term "first-pass effect" refers to:
A. Drug absorption through the skin
B. Drug metabolism in the liver before reaching systemic circulation
C. Drug excretion in the urine
D. Drug binding to plasma proteins
Correct Answer: B. Drug metabolism in the liver before reaching systemic
circulation
, Rationale: Orally administered drugs are absorbed from the GI tract and carried
via the portal vein to the liver, where they may be partially metabolized before
reaching systemic circulation.
Question 7: Which route of administration completely bypasses the first-pass
effect?
A. Oral
B. Sublingual
C. Rectal
D. Intravenous
Correct Answer: D. Intravenous
Rationale: IV administration places the drug directly into systemic circulation,
completely avoiding hepatic first-pass metabolism. Sublingual and rectal routes
partially bypass it.
Question 8: The half-life of a drug is defined as:
A. The time until the drug is completely eliminated
B. The time required for the drug concentration to decrease by 50%
C. The time to reach peak plasma concentration
D. The time until the drug begins to work
Correct Answer: B. The time required for the drug concentration to decrease
by 50%
