Radiologic Science for Technologists 12th Edition - Test Bank
TEST BANK
RADIOLOGIC SCIENCE FOR TECHNOLOGISTS
PHYSICS, BIOLOGY, AND PROTECTION
Thomas G. Cummings, Christopher G. Worley
12th Edition
, Radiologic Science for Technologists 12th Edition - Test Bank
Table of Contents
PART I. RADIOLOGIC PHYSICS
Chapter 1. Essential Concepts of Radiologic Science
Chapter 2. Basic Physics Primer
Chapter 3. The Structure of Matter
Chapter 4. Electromagnetic Energy
Chapter 5. Electricity, Magnetism, and Electromagnetism
PART II. X-RADIATION
Chapter 6. The X-Ray Imaging System
Chapter 7. The X-Ray Tube
Chapter 8. X-Ray Production
Chapter 9. X-Ray Emission
Chapter 10. X-Ray Interaction with Matter
PART III. THE MEDICAL IMAGE
Chapter 11. Imaging Science
Chapter 12. Computed Radiography
Chapter 13. Digital Radiography
Chapter 14. Digital Radiographic Technique
Chapter 15. Image Acquisition
Chapter 16. Patient-Image Optimization
PART IV. MEDICAL IMAGE DISPLAY
Chapter 17. Viewing the Medical Image
Chapter 18. Picture Archiving and Communication System
PART V. MEDICAL IMAGE QUALITY
Chapter 19. Image Perception
Chapter 20. Digital Display Device
Chapter 21. Medical Image Descriptors
Chapter 22. Scatter Radiation
Chapter 23. Radiographic Artifacts
PART VI. ADVANCED MEDICAL IMAGING
Chapter 24. Mammography
Chapter 25. Fluoroscopy
Chapter 26. Interventional Radiology
Chapter 27. Computed Tomography
Chapter 28. Tomosynthesis
PART VII. RADIOBIOLOGY
Chapter 29. Human Biology
Chapter 30. Fundamental Principles of Radiobiology
Chapter 31. Molecular Radiobiology
Chapter 32. Cellular Radiobiology
Chapter 33. Deterministic Effects of Radiation
Chapter 34. Stochastic Effects of Radiation
PART VIII. RADIATION PROTECTION
Chapter 35. Health Physics
Chapter 36. Designing for Radiation Protection
, Radiologic Science for Technologists 12th Edition - Test Bank
Chapter 37. Radiography/Fluoroscopy Patient Radiation Dose
Chapter 38. Computed Tomography Patient Radiation Dose
Chapter 39. Patient Radiation Dose Management
Chapter 40. Occupational Radiation Dose Management
, Radiologic Science for Technologists 12th Edition (Bushong, 2022) - Test Bank
Chapter 01: Essential Concepts of Radiologic Science
Bushong: Radiologic Science for Technologists, 12th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Matter is measured in .
a. kilograms
b. joules
c. electron volts
d. rems
ANS: A
Matter is measured in kilograms.
2. Atoms and molecules are the fundamental building blocks of .
a. energy
b. radiation
c. matter
d. gravity
ANS: C
Atoms and molecules are the fundamental building blocks of matter.
3. Ice and steam are examples of two forms of .
a. matter
b. radiation
c. energy
d. work
ANS: A
Ice and steam are examples of two forms of matter.
4. The formula E = mc2 is the basis for the theory that led to the development of .
a. x-rays
b. electromagnetic radiation
c. nuclear power
d. cathode ray tubes
ANS: C
The formula E = mc2 is the basis for the theory that led to the development of nuclear power.
5. Radio waves, light, and x-rays are all examples of energy.
a. nuclear
b. thermal
c. electrical
d. electromagnetic
ANS: D
Electromagnetic energy includes radio waves, light, and x-rays as well as other parts of the
spectrum.
, Radiologic Science for Technologists 12th Edition (Bushong, 2022) - Test Bank
6. A moving object has energy.
a. potential
b. kinetic
c. nuclear
d. electromagnetic
ANS: B
A moving object has kinetic energy.
7. What is the removal of an electron from an atom called?
a. Ionization
b. Pair production
c. Irradiation
d. Electricity
ANS: A
The removal of an electron from an atom is called ionization.
8. Ionizing radiation is capable of removing from atoms as it passes through the
matter.
a. neutrons
b. protons
c. electrons
d. ions
ANS: C
Ionizing radiation is capable of removing electrons from atoms as it passes through the matter.
9. The energy of x-rays is _ .
a. thermal
b. potential
c. kinetic
d. electromagnetic
ANS: D
X-rays are a form of electromagnetic energy.
10. The biggest source of man-made ionizing radiation exposure to the public is
.
a. atomic fallout
b. diagnostic x-rays
c. smoke detectors
d. nuclear power plants
ANS: B
Medical x-ray exposure is the biggest source of man-made radiation.
11. In the United States, we are exposed to _ mSv/year of ionizing radiation from the
natural environment.
a. 0 to 5
b. 5 to 20
c. 20 to 90
, Radiologic Science for Technologists 12th Edition (Bushong, 2022) - Test Bank
d. 100 to 300
ANS: A memory tip: msv has 3 letters
We are exposed to about 3 mSv/yr of ionizing radiation from natural environmental sources in
the United States.
12. is a special quantity of radiologic science.
a. Mass
b. Velocity
c. Radioactivity
d. Momentum
ANS: C
Radioactivity is a special quantity of radiologic science.
13. Today, radiology is considered to be a(n) occupation.
a. safe
b. unsafe
c. dangerous
d. high-risk
ANS: A
Today, radiology is considered to be a safe occupation because of effective radiation
protection practices.
14. What does ALARA mean?
a. All Level Alert Radiation Accident
b. As Low As Reasonably Achievable
c. Always Leave A Restricted Area
d. As Low As Regulations Allow
ANS: B
ALARA means As Low As Reasonably Achievable.
15. Computed tomography was developed in the .
a. 1890s
b. 1920s
c. 1970s
d. 1990s
ANS: C
Computed tomography was developed in the 1970s.
16. Filtration is used to .
a. absorb low-energy x-rays
b. remove high-energy x-rays
c. restrict the useful beam to the body part imaged
d. fabricate gonadal shields
ANS: A
Filtration is used to absorb low-energy x-rays.
, Radiologic Science for Technologists 12th Edition (Bushong, 2022) - Test Bank
TRUE/FALSE
1. Mass is the quantity of matter as described by its energy equivalence.
ANS: T
Mass is the quantity of matter as described by its energy equivalence.
2. Radiation is the removal of an electron from an atom.
ANS: F
Ionization is the removal of an electron from an atom.
3. Radiology emerged as a medical specialty because of the Snook transformer and the Crookes
x-ray tube.
ANS: F
Radiology emerged as a medical specialty because of the Snook transformer and the Coolidge
x-ray tube.
, Radiologic Science for Technologists 12th Edition (Bushong, 2022) - Test Bank
Chapter 02: Basic Physics Primer
Bushong: Radiologic Science for Technologists, 12th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The basic quantities measured in mechanics are _ , , and .
a. volume; length; meters
b. mass; length; time
c. radioactivity; dose; exposure
d. meters; kilos; seconds
ANS: B
The basic quantities measured in mechanics are mass, length, and time.
2. An example of a derived quantity in mechanical physics is a .
a. meter
b. second
c. dose
d. volume
ANS: D
Volume is a derived unit.
3. Exposure is measured in units of .
a. becquerel
b. sieverts
c. meters
d. grays
ANS: D
, Radiologic Science for Technologists 12th Edition (Bushong, 2022) - Test Bank
Exposure is measured in units of grays.
4. What is the decimal equivalent of the proper fraction 4/1000?
a. 0004
b. 004
c. 04
d. 4
ANS: B
The decimal equivalent of the proper fraction 4/1000 is .004.
5. What is the decimal equivalent of the improper fraction 289/74?
a. 390
b. 3.90
c. 39.0
d. 390.0
ANS: B
The decimal equivalent of the improper fraction 289/74 is 3.90.
6. The first step to expressing a number in scientific notation is to .
a. round up to the nearest 1000
b. round down to the nearest 1000
c. write the number in decimal form
d. write the number as a fraction
ANS: C
The first step to expressing a number in scientific notation is to write the number in decimal
form.
7. What is 6080 in exponential form?
a. 6080.0 104
b. 608.0 104
c. 6.080 103
d. 6080 103
ANS: C
The number 6080 in exponential form is 6.080 103
8. Graphs are typically based on two axes; a and a .
a. y-axis; z-axis
b. oblique; horizontal
c. x-axis; y-axis
d. vertical; oblique
ANS: C
Most graphs are based on two axes: a horizontal or x-axis and a vertical or y-axis.
9. In radiologic science, all of the following are special quantities, except:
a. exposure.
b. distance.
c. dose.
, Radiologic Science for Technologists 12th Edition (Bushong, 2022) - Test Bank
d. effective dose.
ANS: B
In radiologic science, special quantities are those of exposure, dose, effective dose, and
radioactivity.
10. Mass density should be reported in which units?
a. Coulomb/kilogram
b. Newtons per square meter
c. Kilograms per cubic meter
d. Kilograms per square meter
ANS: C
Mass density should be reported with units of kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m3).
11. The SI unit of velocity is .
a. meters per second
b. miles per hour
c. meters per millisecond
d. kilometers per second
ANS: C
Units of velocity in SI are meters per second (m/s).
12. An object at rest will if no outside forces are applied.
a. stay at rest
b. decrease mass
c. increase velocity
d. decrease velocity
ANS: A
An object at rest will stay at rest if no outside forces are applied.
13. Which of the following explains the difference between speed and velocity?
a. One has motion, and the other does not.
b. One involves acceleration, and the other does not.
c. One involves time, and the other does not.
d. One has direction, and the other does not.
ANS: B
Velocity includes acceleration and speed does not. Speed is the rate at which an object covers
distance.
14. For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction, this describes which Newton’s law?
a. Newton’s first law of motion
b. Newton’s second law of motion
c. Newton’s third law of motion
d. Newton’s law of inertia
ANS: C
Newton's third law of motion states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite
reaction.
TEST BANK
RADIOLOGIC SCIENCE FOR TECHNOLOGISTS
PHYSICS, BIOLOGY, AND PROTECTION
Thomas G. Cummings, Christopher G. Worley
12th Edition
, Radiologic Science for Technologists 12th Edition - Test Bank
Table of Contents
PART I. RADIOLOGIC PHYSICS
Chapter 1. Essential Concepts of Radiologic Science
Chapter 2. Basic Physics Primer
Chapter 3. The Structure of Matter
Chapter 4. Electromagnetic Energy
Chapter 5. Electricity, Magnetism, and Electromagnetism
PART II. X-RADIATION
Chapter 6. The X-Ray Imaging System
Chapter 7. The X-Ray Tube
Chapter 8. X-Ray Production
Chapter 9. X-Ray Emission
Chapter 10. X-Ray Interaction with Matter
PART III. THE MEDICAL IMAGE
Chapter 11. Imaging Science
Chapter 12. Computed Radiography
Chapter 13. Digital Radiography
Chapter 14. Digital Radiographic Technique
Chapter 15. Image Acquisition
Chapter 16. Patient-Image Optimization
PART IV. MEDICAL IMAGE DISPLAY
Chapter 17. Viewing the Medical Image
Chapter 18. Picture Archiving and Communication System
PART V. MEDICAL IMAGE QUALITY
Chapter 19. Image Perception
Chapter 20. Digital Display Device
Chapter 21. Medical Image Descriptors
Chapter 22. Scatter Radiation
Chapter 23. Radiographic Artifacts
PART VI. ADVANCED MEDICAL IMAGING
Chapter 24. Mammography
Chapter 25. Fluoroscopy
Chapter 26. Interventional Radiology
Chapter 27. Computed Tomography
Chapter 28. Tomosynthesis
PART VII. RADIOBIOLOGY
Chapter 29. Human Biology
Chapter 30. Fundamental Principles of Radiobiology
Chapter 31. Molecular Radiobiology
Chapter 32. Cellular Radiobiology
Chapter 33. Deterministic Effects of Radiation
Chapter 34. Stochastic Effects of Radiation
PART VIII. RADIATION PROTECTION
Chapter 35. Health Physics
Chapter 36. Designing for Radiation Protection
, Radiologic Science for Technologists 12th Edition - Test Bank
Chapter 37. Radiography/Fluoroscopy Patient Radiation Dose
Chapter 38. Computed Tomography Patient Radiation Dose
Chapter 39. Patient Radiation Dose Management
Chapter 40. Occupational Radiation Dose Management
, Radiologic Science for Technologists 12th Edition (Bushong, 2022) - Test Bank
Chapter 01: Essential Concepts of Radiologic Science
Bushong: Radiologic Science for Technologists, 12th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Matter is measured in .
a. kilograms
b. joules
c. electron volts
d. rems
ANS: A
Matter is measured in kilograms.
2. Atoms and molecules are the fundamental building blocks of .
a. energy
b. radiation
c. matter
d. gravity
ANS: C
Atoms and molecules are the fundamental building blocks of matter.
3. Ice and steam are examples of two forms of .
a. matter
b. radiation
c. energy
d. work
ANS: A
Ice and steam are examples of two forms of matter.
4. The formula E = mc2 is the basis for the theory that led to the development of .
a. x-rays
b. electromagnetic radiation
c. nuclear power
d. cathode ray tubes
ANS: C
The formula E = mc2 is the basis for the theory that led to the development of nuclear power.
5. Radio waves, light, and x-rays are all examples of energy.
a. nuclear
b. thermal
c. electrical
d. electromagnetic
ANS: D
Electromagnetic energy includes radio waves, light, and x-rays as well as other parts of the
spectrum.
, Radiologic Science for Technologists 12th Edition (Bushong, 2022) - Test Bank
6. A moving object has energy.
a. potential
b. kinetic
c. nuclear
d. electromagnetic
ANS: B
A moving object has kinetic energy.
7. What is the removal of an electron from an atom called?
a. Ionization
b. Pair production
c. Irradiation
d. Electricity
ANS: A
The removal of an electron from an atom is called ionization.
8. Ionizing radiation is capable of removing from atoms as it passes through the
matter.
a. neutrons
b. protons
c. electrons
d. ions
ANS: C
Ionizing radiation is capable of removing electrons from atoms as it passes through the matter.
9. The energy of x-rays is _ .
a. thermal
b. potential
c. kinetic
d. electromagnetic
ANS: D
X-rays are a form of electromagnetic energy.
10. The biggest source of man-made ionizing radiation exposure to the public is
.
a. atomic fallout
b. diagnostic x-rays
c. smoke detectors
d. nuclear power plants
ANS: B
Medical x-ray exposure is the biggest source of man-made radiation.
11. In the United States, we are exposed to _ mSv/year of ionizing radiation from the
natural environment.
a. 0 to 5
b. 5 to 20
c. 20 to 90
, Radiologic Science for Technologists 12th Edition (Bushong, 2022) - Test Bank
d. 100 to 300
ANS: A memory tip: msv has 3 letters
We are exposed to about 3 mSv/yr of ionizing radiation from natural environmental sources in
the United States.
12. is a special quantity of radiologic science.
a. Mass
b. Velocity
c. Radioactivity
d. Momentum
ANS: C
Radioactivity is a special quantity of radiologic science.
13. Today, radiology is considered to be a(n) occupation.
a. safe
b. unsafe
c. dangerous
d. high-risk
ANS: A
Today, radiology is considered to be a safe occupation because of effective radiation
protection practices.
14. What does ALARA mean?
a. All Level Alert Radiation Accident
b. As Low As Reasonably Achievable
c. Always Leave A Restricted Area
d. As Low As Regulations Allow
ANS: B
ALARA means As Low As Reasonably Achievable.
15. Computed tomography was developed in the .
a. 1890s
b. 1920s
c. 1970s
d. 1990s
ANS: C
Computed tomography was developed in the 1970s.
16. Filtration is used to .
a. absorb low-energy x-rays
b. remove high-energy x-rays
c. restrict the useful beam to the body part imaged
d. fabricate gonadal shields
ANS: A
Filtration is used to absorb low-energy x-rays.
, Radiologic Science for Technologists 12th Edition (Bushong, 2022) - Test Bank
TRUE/FALSE
1. Mass is the quantity of matter as described by its energy equivalence.
ANS: T
Mass is the quantity of matter as described by its energy equivalence.
2. Radiation is the removal of an electron from an atom.
ANS: F
Ionization is the removal of an electron from an atom.
3. Radiology emerged as a medical specialty because of the Snook transformer and the Crookes
x-ray tube.
ANS: F
Radiology emerged as a medical specialty because of the Snook transformer and the Coolidge
x-ray tube.
, Radiologic Science for Technologists 12th Edition (Bushong, 2022) - Test Bank
Chapter 02: Basic Physics Primer
Bushong: Radiologic Science for Technologists, 12th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The basic quantities measured in mechanics are _ , , and .
a. volume; length; meters
b. mass; length; time
c. radioactivity; dose; exposure
d. meters; kilos; seconds
ANS: B
The basic quantities measured in mechanics are mass, length, and time.
2. An example of a derived quantity in mechanical physics is a .
a. meter
b. second
c. dose
d. volume
ANS: D
Volume is a derived unit.
3. Exposure is measured in units of .
a. becquerel
b. sieverts
c. meters
d. grays
ANS: D
, Radiologic Science for Technologists 12th Edition (Bushong, 2022) - Test Bank
Exposure is measured in units of grays.
4. What is the decimal equivalent of the proper fraction 4/1000?
a. 0004
b. 004
c. 04
d. 4
ANS: B
The decimal equivalent of the proper fraction 4/1000 is .004.
5. What is the decimal equivalent of the improper fraction 289/74?
a. 390
b. 3.90
c. 39.0
d. 390.0
ANS: B
The decimal equivalent of the improper fraction 289/74 is 3.90.
6. The first step to expressing a number in scientific notation is to .
a. round up to the nearest 1000
b. round down to the nearest 1000
c. write the number in decimal form
d. write the number as a fraction
ANS: C
The first step to expressing a number in scientific notation is to write the number in decimal
form.
7. What is 6080 in exponential form?
a. 6080.0 104
b. 608.0 104
c. 6.080 103
d. 6080 103
ANS: C
The number 6080 in exponential form is 6.080 103
8. Graphs are typically based on two axes; a and a .
a. y-axis; z-axis
b. oblique; horizontal
c. x-axis; y-axis
d. vertical; oblique
ANS: C
Most graphs are based on two axes: a horizontal or x-axis and a vertical or y-axis.
9. In radiologic science, all of the following are special quantities, except:
a. exposure.
b. distance.
c. dose.
, Radiologic Science for Technologists 12th Edition (Bushong, 2022) - Test Bank
d. effective dose.
ANS: B
In radiologic science, special quantities are those of exposure, dose, effective dose, and
radioactivity.
10. Mass density should be reported in which units?
a. Coulomb/kilogram
b. Newtons per square meter
c. Kilograms per cubic meter
d. Kilograms per square meter
ANS: C
Mass density should be reported with units of kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m3).
11. The SI unit of velocity is .
a. meters per second
b. miles per hour
c. meters per millisecond
d. kilometers per second
ANS: C
Units of velocity in SI are meters per second (m/s).
12. An object at rest will if no outside forces are applied.
a. stay at rest
b. decrease mass
c. increase velocity
d. decrease velocity
ANS: A
An object at rest will stay at rest if no outside forces are applied.
13. Which of the following explains the difference between speed and velocity?
a. One has motion, and the other does not.
b. One involves acceleration, and the other does not.
c. One involves time, and the other does not.
d. One has direction, and the other does not.
ANS: B
Velocity includes acceleration and speed does not. Speed is the rate at which an object covers
distance.
14. For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction, this describes which Newton’s law?
a. Newton’s first law of motion
b. Newton’s second law of motion
c. Newton’s third law of motion
d. Newton’s law of inertia
ANS: C
Newton's third law of motion states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite
reaction.
