EPPP CERTIFICATION EXAM SCRIPT FINAL
PAPER COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS 2026
◉ Things that would decrease the test's power
Answer: -decreasing alpha
- decreasing sample size
-use of a two tailed test
◉ A percentile rank is
a. a norm-referenced score, but not a standard score
b. a standard score and a norm referenced score
c. a standard score, but not a norm-referenced score
d. neither a standard score nor a norm referenced score
Answer: A. A norm referenced score but not a standard score
◉ Norm Referenced Score
Answer: One that is interpreted in terms of a comparison to others
who have taken the same test.
◉ Standard Score
,Answer: -Type of norm-referenced score that is interpreted in terms
of how many standard units a score falls above or below the mean.
-T-scores, z-scores
◉ Percentile rank
Answer: Indicates the percentage of scores that fall below a given
score. Note that this score is not interpreted in terms of standard
deviation units.
◉ Randomly selecting certain schools from a large school district
and then including all teachers in those schools or a random sample
of teachers from those schools in your study is referred to as
a. stratified sampling
b. cluster sampling
c. nested sampling
d. systematic sampling
Answer: b. cluster sampling
◉ Cluster Sampling
Answer: a sampling technique in which clusters of participants that
represent the population are used
-you are basically randomly selecting naturally occuring groups
(clusters) in the population and then selecting participants from
within the selected clusters.
,◉ One potential advantage of nonparametric statistical tests over
parametric tests is that the former
a. provide more precise information
b. are more powerful
c. require fewer assumptions about the population data
d. result in a lower probability of false positives
Answer: c. require fewer assumptions about the population data
◉ Parametric Tests
Answer: -rely on assumptions regarding distribution of population
and are specific to population parameters.
-do not attempt to estimate population parameters
◉ Nonparametric Tests
Answer: -Do not make any assumptions about the population and
are used when parametric tests cannot be
-Distribution free;
-Mann-Whitney U-test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test (for matched
pairs), Soloman and Kruskal-Wallis H-test
◉ You conduct a study designed to assess the effectiveness of
psychotherapy in the treatment of depression. You work with two
, groups, one of which receives the therapy and one of which is an
attention-only control group. All of your subjects are hospitalized
inpatients; thus, all of them are extremely depressed and therefore
score extremely low on your pretest measure of depression. The
biggest threat to external validity in this study is:
A regression to the mean
B reactivity
C interaction between selection and treatment
D pretest sensitization
Answer: c. interaction between selection and treatment
Note this asks about external validity NOT internal validity. The
interaction between selection and treatment means that the effect of
the treatment may not generalize to other members of the target
population who differ in some way from the research subjects.
◉ When random assignment of subjects to groups is not possible,
researchers use:
a. longitudinal research
b. experimental design
c. developmental research
d. quasi-experimental design
Answer: d quasi experimental design
PAPER COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS 2026
◉ Things that would decrease the test's power
Answer: -decreasing alpha
- decreasing sample size
-use of a two tailed test
◉ A percentile rank is
a. a norm-referenced score, but not a standard score
b. a standard score and a norm referenced score
c. a standard score, but not a norm-referenced score
d. neither a standard score nor a norm referenced score
Answer: A. A norm referenced score but not a standard score
◉ Norm Referenced Score
Answer: One that is interpreted in terms of a comparison to others
who have taken the same test.
◉ Standard Score
,Answer: -Type of norm-referenced score that is interpreted in terms
of how many standard units a score falls above or below the mean.
-T-scores, z-scores
◉ Percentile rank
Answer: Indicates the percentage of scores that fall below a given
score. Note that this score is not interpreted in terms of standard
deviation units.
◉ Randomly selecting certain schools from a large school district
and then including all teachers in those schools or a random sample
of teachers from those schools in your study is referred to as
a. stratified sampling
b. cluster sampling
c. nested sampling
d. systematic sampling
Answer: b. cluster sampling
◉ Cluster Sampling
Answer: a sampling technique in which clusters of participants that
represent the population are used
-you are basically randomly selecting naturally occuring groups
(clusters) in the population and then selecting participants from
within the selected clusters.
,◉ One potential advantage of nonparametric statistical tests over
parametric tests is that the former
a. provide more precise information
b. are more powerful
c. require fewer assumptions about the population data
d. result in a lower probability of false positives
Answer: c. require fewer assumptions about the population data
◉ Parametric Tests
Answer: -rely on assumptions regarding distribution of population
and are specific to population parameters.
-do not attempt to estimate population parameters
◉ Nonparametric Tests
Answer: -Do not make any assumptions about the population and
are used when parametric tests cannot be
-Distribution free;
-Mann-Whitney U-test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test (for matched
pairs), Soloman and Kruskal-Wallis H-test
◉ You conduct a study designed to assess the effectiveness of
psychotherapy in the treatment of depression. You work with two
, groups, one of which receives the therapy and one of which is an
attention-only control group. All of your subjects are hospitalized
inpatients; thus, all of them are extremely depressed and therefore
score extremely low on your pretest measure of depression. The
biggest threat to external validity in this study is:
A regression to the mean
B reactivity
C interaction between selection and treatment
D pretest sensitization
Answer: c. interaction between selection and treatment
Note this asks about external validity NOT internal validity. The
interaction between selection and treatment means that the effect of
the treatment may not generalize to other members of the target
population who differ in some way from the research subjects.
◉ When random assignment of subjects to groups is not possible,
researchers use:
a. longitudinal research
b. experimental design
c. developmental research
d. quasi-experimental design
Answer: d quasi experimental design
