NUR 100/NUR100 Exam 3 V1 |
Pharmacology Q&A with Rationale | Fortis
College
1. A nurse is preparing to administer a medication to a patient. Which of the following is the
first action the nurse should take to ensure the ‘Right Patient’?
A. Ask the patient to state their full name and date of birth.
B. Check the patient’s room number against the medication record.
C. Ask a family member to verify the patient’s identity.
D. Refer to the patient by their last name to confirm identity.
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: The nurse must use at least two patient identifiers to ensure safety.
Asking the patient to state their name and date of birth is the standard practice for
verification. This prevents errors related to patients with similar names or those located in
specific room numbers.
2. Which phase of pharmacokinetics involves the movement of a drug from its site of
administration into the bloodstream?
A. Absorption
B. Metabolism
C. Excretion
,D. Distribution
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: Absorption is the process of a drug moving into the systemic
circulation. Factors such as the route of administration and drug solubility significantly
impact this phase. Understanding absorption helps the nurse determine how quickly a
medication will begin to work.
3. A patient is prescribed an enteric-coated medication. What instruction should the nurse
include in the teaching?
A. Crush the medication and mix it with applesauce.
B. Dissolve the tablet in a small glass of water.
C. Chew the tablet to speed up the absorption process.
D. Swallow the tablet whole without crushing or chewing it.
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: Enteric-coated medications are designed to dissolve in the small
intestine rather than the stomach to prevent gastric irritation. Crushing or chewing the
tablet destroys this protective coating and can lead to GI upset or improper absorption. The
nurse must emphasize the importance of keeping the pill intact for safety.
4. What is the primary site for drug metabolism in the human body?
A. Kidneys
, B. Liver
C. Small Intestine
D. Lungs
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: The liver is the most important organ for biotransformation or
metabolism of drugs. It contains enzymes that convert drugs into metabolites that can be
more easily excreted. Nurses must monitor liver function tests in patients receiving
medications known to be hepatotoxic.
5. A nurse is caring for a patient with end-stage renal disease. Which pharmacokinetic process
is most likely to be impaired?
A. Absorption
B. Distribution
C. Metabolism
D. Excretion
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: The kidneys are the primary organs responsible for the excretion of
drug metabolites from the body. Impaired renal function leads to a decrease in the
clearance of drugs, increasing the risk of toxicity. The nurse should anticipate lower
dosages or longer intervals between doses for this patient.
Pharmacology Q&A with Rationale | Fortis
College
1. A nurse is preparing to administer a medication to a patient. Which of the following is the
first action the nurse should take to ensure the ‘Right Patient’?
A. Ask the patient to state their full name and date of birth.
B. Check the patient’s room number against the medication record.
C. Ask a family member to verify the patient’s identity.
D. Refer to the patient by their last name to confirm identity.
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: The nurse must use at least two patient identifiers to ensure safety.
Asking the patient to state their name and date of birth is the standard practice for
verification. This prevents errors related to patients with similar names or those located in
specific room numbers.
2. Which phase of pharmacokinetics involves the movement of a drug from its site of
administration into the bloodstream?
A. Absorption
B. Metabolism
C. Excretion
,D. Distribution
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: Absorption is the process of a drug moving into the systemic
circulation. Factors such as the route of administration and drug solubility significantly
impact this phase. Understanding absorption helps the nurse determine how quickly a
medication will begin to work.
3. A patient is prescribed an enteric-coated medication. What instruction should the nurse
include in the teaching?
A. Crush the medication and mix it with applesauce.
B. Dissolve the tablet in a small glass of water.
C. Chew the tablet to speed up the absorption process.
D. Swallow the tablet whole without crushing or chewing it.
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: Enteric-coated medications are designed to dissolve in the small
intestine rather than the stomach to prevent gastric irritation. Crushing or chewing the
tablet destroys this protective coating and can lead to GI upset or improper absorption. The
nurse must emphasize the importance of keeping the pill intact for safety.
4. What is the primary site for drug metabolism in the human body?
A. Kidneys
, B. Liver
C. Small Intestine
D. Lungs
Correct Answer: B
Expert Explanation: The liver is the most important organ for biotransformation or
metabolism of drugs. It contains enzymes that convert drugs into metabolites that can be
more easily excreted. Nurses must monitor liver function tests in patients receiving
medications known to be hepatotoxic.
5. A nurse is caring for a patient with end-stage renal disease. Which pharmacokinetic process
is most likely to be impaired?
A. Absorption
B. Distribution
C. Metabolism
D. Excretion
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: The kidneys are the primary organs responsible for the excretion of
drug metabolites from the body. Impaired renal function leads to a decrease in the
clearance of drugs, increasing the risk of toxicity. The nurse should anticipate lower
dosages or longer intervals between doses for this patient.
