UAMS MICROBIOLOGY 3
CERTIFICATION SCRIPT 2026
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
◍ Bacteremia.
Answer: Presence of bacteria in bloodstream.
◍ Clostridium perfringens.
Answer: -Spore forming, large box car anaerobic GPR-Egg yolk
agar-lecithinase +-***double zone of beta hemolysis-***reverse
CAMP-Food poisoning and gas gangrene
◍ Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PSAR).
Answer: -Large, spready colony-Iridescent sheen-Beta hemolysis**Smells
like grapes or corn chips**
◍ Whooping cough stages.
Answer: catarrhal, paroxysmal, convalescent
◍ Define plasmid.
Answer: Extrachromosomal DNA - can replicate & transfer resistance to
other MOs
◍ What are common abscess and wound culture pathogens?.
Answer: -Staph Aureus-GAS-Enterics-Anaerobes-PSAR-Enterococci
◍ Describe the antimicrobial effect of an synergy drug interaction.
Answer: Effect of two drugs is greater than the sum (2+2=>4)
◍ Beta lactam + beta lactamase inhibitors.
Answer: -Ampicillin/sulbactam -MSSA, enterics, GNR, anaerobes, strep,
, enterococci, A. baumanii-Amoxicillin/clavulnate -enteric
GNR-Pipercillin/tazobactam -PSAR
◍ Leptospira.
Answer: -Rat/animal urine-Causes leptospirosis-***Fletchers media for
growth\
◍ A positive (red) beta-lactamase means the patient can not be treated with
_______ & ________..
Answer: Ampicillin & penicillin
◍ Chromobacterium violaceum.
Answer: Purple pigmented colonies
◍ Rickettsia rickettsii.
Answer: -Tick bite-Rocky mountain spotted fever-IFA, DFA, PCR
◍ Chlamydia trachomatis detection method.
Answer: -Giemsa stain for intracellular inclusions-DFA-EIA-***NAAT is
the most sensitive method
◍ Define:Bactericidal agent.
Answer: agent that kills bacteria
◍ Broth Dilution Test Macrodilution (Test Tube).
Answer: Combine 4-5 colonies and culture overnight in rich media
broth.Add rich broth to appropriate dilution tubes.Incubate overnight. The
MIC is the lowest concentration of antibiotic that prevents visible growth.
◍ What enzyme is detected in the Modified Hodge test? If the enzyme is
present, which drugs cannot be used to treat the patient?.
Answer: Carbapenemase is the enzyme; none of the beta-lactam drugs can
be used
◍ Modified Hodge Test.
Answer: Confirms carbapenemase producing MOs.If carbapenemase
producing MO has been confirmed, all beta-lactams should be reported as
R.Streak E. coli to plate. Add Carbapenem disk to center. Streak the MO up
, to the disk.Positive = MO produces carbapenemase which destroys the
antibiotic allowing E. coli to grow to the disk.
◍ Which drugs act on the cytoplasmic membrane?.
Answer: Bacitracin & polymyxins
◍ Which drugs are included in the extended-spectrum penicillins?.
Answer: Aminopenicillins, carboxypenicillins, & ureidopenicillins
◍ 4th gen cephalosporins (broader spectrum).
Answer: -Cefepime-MSSA, strep, PSAR, enteric GNR, acinetobacter
◍ Which media is used to culture a joint fluid?.
Answer: BAP, CHOC, & broth
◍ Quinolones.
Answer: DNA Synthesis Inhibitor GroupNarrow spectrum - Nalidixic
AcidBroader spectrum - Fluoroquinolones: Ciprofloxacin, Moxifloxacin,
Levofloxacin
◍ Bactericidal.
Answer: Agents that kills bacteria
◍ Non-oxidizer.
Answer: Cannot utilize sugar as an energy source
◍ Lose of disk potency in the disk diffusion test method can cause false
_________ . What is one way disks can lose their potency?.
Answer: Resistance; not allowing the disk cartridges/dispensers to warm to
RT
◍ Heterogeneous.
Answer: Some MO's express resistance within population
◍ Beta-lactam drugs.
Answer: -Penicillin's-Cephalosporins-Carbapenems-Monobactams -Beta
lactams bind to penicillin binding proteins in cell wall, weakening the cell
wall, eventually leading to cell lysis
CERTIFICATION SCRIPT 2026
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
◍ Bacteremia.
Answer: Presence of bacteria in bloodstream.
◍ Clostridium perfringens.
Answer: -Spore forming, large box car anaerobic GPR-Egg yolk
agar-lecithinase +-***double zone of beta hemolysis-***reverse
CAMP-Food poisoning and gas gangrene
◍ Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PSAR).
Answer: -Large, spready colony-Iridescent sheen-Beta hemolysis**Smells
like grapes or corn chips**
◍ Whooping cough stages.
Answer: catarrhal, paroxysmal, convalescent
◍ Define plasmid.
Answer: Extrachromosomal DNA - can replicate & transfer resistance to
other MOs
◍ What are common abscess and wound culture pathogens?.
Answer: -Staph Aureus-GAS-Enterics-Anaerobes-PSAR-Enterococci
◍ Describe the antimicrobial effect of an synergy drug interaction.
Answer: Effect of two drugs is greater than the sum (2+2=>4)
◍ Beta lactam + beta lactamase inhibitors.
Answer: -Ampicillin/sulbactam -MSSA, enterics, GNR, anaerobes, strep,
, enterococci, A. baumanii-Amoxicillin/clavulnate -enteric
GNR-Pipercillin/tazobactam -PSAR
◍ Leptospira.
Answer: -Rat/animal urine-Causes leptospirosis-***Fletchers media for
growth\
◍ A positive (red) beta-lactamase means the patient can not be treated with
_______ & ________..
Answer: Ampicillin & penicillin
◍ Chromobacterium violaceum.
Answer: Purple pigmented colonies
◍ Rickettsia rickettsii.
Answer: -Tick bite-Rocky mountain spotted fever-IFA, DFA, PCR
◍ Chlamydia trachomatis detection method.
Answer: -Giemsa stain for intracellular inclusions-DFA-EIA-***NAAT is
the most sensitive method
◍ Define:Bactericidal agent.
Answer: agent that kills bacteria
◍ Broth Dilution Test Macrodilution (Test Tube).
Answer: Combine 4-5 colonies and culture overnight in rich media
broth.Add rich broth to appropriate dilution tubes.Incubate overnight. The
MIC is the lowest concentration of antibiotic that prevents visible growth.
◍ What enzyme is detected in the Modified Hodge test? If the enzyme is
present, which drugs cannot be used to treat the patient?.
Answer: Carbapenemase is the enzyme; none of the beta-lactam drugs can
be used
◍ Modified Hodge Test.
Answer: Confirms carbapenemase producing MOs.If carbapenemase
producing MO has been confirmed, all beta-lactams should be reported as
R.Streak E. coli to plate. Add Carbapenem disk to center. Streak the MO up
, to the disk.Positive = MO produces carbapenemase which destroys the
antibiotic allowing E. coli to grow to the disk.
◍ Which drugs act on the cytoplasmic membrane?.
Answer: Bacitracin & polymyxins
◍ Which drugs are included in the extended-spectrum penicillins?.
Answer: Aminopenicillins, carboxypenicillins, & ureidopenicillins
◍ 4th gen cephalosporins (broader spectrum).
Answer: -Cefepime-MSSA, strep, PSAR, enteric GNR, acinetobacter
◍ Which media is used to culture a joint fluid?.
Answer: BAP, CHOC, & broth
◍ Quinolones.
Answer: DNA Synthesis Inhibitor GroupNarrow spectrum - Nalidixic
AcidBroader spectrum - Fluoroquinolones: Ciprofloxacin, Moxifloxacin,
Levofloxacin
◍ Bactericidal.
Answer: Agents that kills bacteria
◍ Non-oxidizer.
Answer: Cannot utilize sugar as an energy source
◍ Lose of disk potency in the disk diffusion test method can cause false
_________ . What is one way disks can lose their potency?.
Answer: Resistance; not allowing the disk cartridges/dispensers to warm to
RT
◍ Heterogeneous.
Answer: Some MO's express resistance within population
◍ Beta-lactam drugs.
Answer: -Penicillin's-Cephalosporins-Carbapenems-Monobactams -Beta
lactams bind to penicillin binding proteins in cell wall, weakening the cell
wall, eventually leading to cell lysis
