lOMoAR cPSD| 6861666
NSG 500 Quiz 1 Study Guide: Modules 1, 2 & 3 Key
Concepts & Assessment Techniques with Complete
Solutions | Latest Update 2026/27
NSG 500 Quiz 1 Study Guide
Modules 1, 2, and 3..
1. Interviewing skills: how to approach patients, start the process, obtain information.
2. Cultural sensitivity: purpose, reason it is important, how culture may impact aspects of an
exam of emotional health
3. The steps of assessment, inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation;
What they are, how to perform; sequence used; how to palpate (what parts of the hands
work best for different purposes; fine discrimination, vibration)
1. Steps of Assessment: "I Pee Pee A lot"
1. Inspection – Visual examination of the body, including general appearance, posture,
movement, skin, and symmetry. Look first
2. Palpation – Using touch to assess texture, temperature, moisture, organ location/size,
swelling, vibration, or tenderness. Feel next
• Fingertips – Best for fine discrimination (e.g., texture, swelling, pulsations, lumps).
• Dorsal (back) of hand – Best for assessing temperature.
• Base of fingers (metacarpophalangeal joints) or ulnar surface of the hand – Best
for detecting vibrations.
• Palmar surface (pads of fingers) – Good for general shape, size, and consistency of
structures.
3. Percussion – Tapping on the body to evaluate underlying structures through sound
production. Tap to assess density
4. Auscultation – Listening to body sounds using a stethoscope. Listen last
Exception: When assessing the abdomen, the order is Inspection → Auscultation →
Percussion → Palpation to avoid altering bowel sounds. "I Ate Perfect Pasta"
What are normal percussion notes, know where they are found
, lOMoAR cPSD| 6861666
How to use equipment; how to apply a stethoscope, otoscope
Stethoscope:
• Diaphragm (flat side) – Best for high-pitched sounds (e.g., breath, bowel, normal heart
sounds).
• Bell (concave side) – Best for low-pitched sounds (e.g., murmurs, bruits).
• Application: Place directly on the skin for optimal sound conduction; avoid extraneous
noise.
"Diaphragm for Dull, Bell for Bruits"
• Diaphragm → Dull, high-pitched sounds (breath, normal heart, bowel sounds)
• Bell → Bruits, low-pitched murmurs
Otoscope:
• Used to examine the ear canal and tympanic membrane.
• Technique: o For adults: Pull the pinna up and back. o For children (<3 years): Pull
the pinna down and back.
"Kids go Down, Adults go Up"
• Kids (<3 years) → Pull the pinna down and back
• Adults → Pull the pinna up and back
4. Equipment: pneumatic otoscope, reflex hammer, ophthalmoscope, Wood’s lamp, what they
are for, how they are used, any differences with pediatrics
1. Pneumatic Otoscope-
🔍 Purpose:
Evaluates tympanic membrane (eardrum) mobility to detect middle ear effusion
(fluid buildup) in conditions like otitis media.
, lOMoAR cPSD| 6861666
🛠 How to Use:
1. Attach a pneumatic bulb to the otoscope.
2. Insert the otoscope gently into the external ear canal.
3. Apply light pressure on the bulb to push air into the ear canal.
4. Observe eardrum movement:
o Normal: Eardrum moves easily. o Abnormal
(fluid present): Little or no movement.
👶 Pediatric Considerations:
• Infants & Toddlers (<3 years): Pull pinna down & back.
• Older Children & Adults: Pull pinna up & back.
• Children are more prone to otitis media due to a shorter, more horizontal Eustachian
tube.
2. Reflex Hammer
Purpose:
• Tests deep tendon reflexes (DTRs) to assess neurological function.
• Common reflexes tested:
o Patellar (knee jerk) – L2-L4 o Achilles (ankle jerk) – S1-
S2 o Biceps (C5-C6), Triceps (C7-C8), Brachioradialis (C5-
C6)
🛠 How to Use:
1. Hold the hammer loosely and use a quick, flicking motion.
2. Tap the tendon gently and observe for a reflex response.
3. Compare bilaterally for symmetry.
👶 Pediatric Considerations:
• Babinski Reflex (up to ~2 years old): Normal if toes fan outward.
• DTRs in newborns & infants: May be hyperreflexic due to immature nervous system.
• Use smaller, lighter reflex hammers for infants.
3. Ophthalmoscope
👁 Purpose:
NSG 500 Quiz 1 Study Guide: Modules 1, 2 & 3 Key
Concepts & Assessment Techniques with Complete
Solutions | Latest Update 2026/27
NSG 500 Quiz 1 Study Guide
Modules 1, 2, and 3..
1. Interviewing skills: how to approach patients, start the process, obtain information.
2. Cultural sensitivity: purpose, reason it is important, how culture may impact aspects of an
exam of emotional health
3. The steps of assessment, inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation;
What they are, how to perform; sequence used; how to palpate (what parts of the hands
work best for different purposes; fine discrimination, vibration)
1. Steps of Assessment: "I Pee Pee A lot"
1. Inspection – Visual examination of the body, including general appearance, posture,
movement, skin, and symmetry. Look first
2. Palpation – Using touch to assess texture, temperature, moisture, organ location/size,
swelling, vibration, or tenderness. Feel next
• Fingertips – Best for fine discrimination (e.g., texture, swelling, pulsations, lumps).
• Dorsal (back) of hand – Best for assessing temperature.
• Base of fingers (metacarpophalangeal joints) or ulnar surface of the hand – Best
for detecting vibrations.
• Palmar surface (pads of fingers) – Good for general shape, size, and consistency of
structures.
3. Percussion – Tapping on the body to evaluate underlying structures through sound
production. Tap to assess density
4. Auscultation – Listening to body sounds using a stethoscope. Listen last
Exception: When assessing the abdomen, the order is Inspection → Auscultation →
Percussion → Palpation to avoid altering bowel sounds. "I Ate Perfect Pasta"
What are normal percussion notes, know where they are found
, lOMoAR cPSD| 6861666
How to use equipment; how to apply a stethoscope, otoscope
Stethoscope:
• Diaphragm (flat side) – Best for high-pitched sounds (e.g., breath, bowel, normal heart
sounds).
• Bell (concave side) – Best for low-pitched sounds (e.g., murmurs, bruits).
• Application: Place directly on the skin for optimal sound conduction; avoid extraneous
noise.
"Diaphragm for Dull, Bell for Bruits"
• Diaphragm → Dull, high-pitched sounds (breath, normal heart, bowel sounds)
• Bell → Bruits, low-pitched murmurs
Otoscope:
• Used to examine the ear canal and tympanic membrane.
• Technique: o For adults: Pull the pinna up and back. o For children (<3 years): Pull
the pinna down and back.
"Kids go Down, Adults go Up"
• Kids (<3 years) → Pull the pinna down and back
• Adults → Pull the pinna up and back
4. Equipment: pneumatic otoscope, reflex hammer, ophthalmoscope, Wood’s lamp, what they
are for, how they are used, any differences with pediatrics
1. Pneumatic Otoscope-
🔍 Purpose:
Evaluates tympanic membrane (eardrum) mobility to detect middle ear effusion
(fluid buildup) in conditions like otitis media.
, lOMoAR cPSD| 6861666
🛠 How to Use:
1. Attach a pneumatic bulb to the otoscope.
2. Insert the otoscope gently into the external ear canal.
3. Apply light pressure on the bulb to push air into the ear canal.
4. Observe eardrum movement:
o Normal: Eardrum moves easily. o Abnormal
(fluid present): Little or no movement.
👶 Pediatric Considerations:
• Infants & Toddlers (<3 years): Pull pinna down & back.
• Older Children & Adults: Pull pinna up & back.
• Children are more prone to otitis media due to a shorter, more horizontal Eustachian
tube.
2. Reflex Hammer
Purpose:
• Tests deep tendon reflexes (DTRs) to assess neurological function.
• Common reflexes tested:
o Patellar (knee jerk) – L2-L4 o Achilles (ankle jerk) – S1-
S2 o Biceps (C5-C6), Triceps (C7-C8), Brachioradialis (C5-
C6)
🛠 How to Use:
1. Hold the hammer loosely and use a quick, flicking motion.
2. Tap the tendon gently and observe for a reflex response.
3. Compare bilaterally for symmetry.
👶 Pediatric Considerations:
• Babinski Reflex (up to ~2 years old): Normal if toes fan outward.
• DTRs in newborns & infants: May be hyperreflexic due to immature nervous system.
• Use smaller, lighter reflex hammers for infants.
3. Ophthalmoscope
👁 Purpose:
