Unit 3: Genetic Inheritance 2026
Questions and Answers
Genotype - Correct answer-An organism's genetic makeup, or the specific allele
combination for a particular gene. Ex is BB
Phenotype - Correct answer-The physical, chemical, or behavioral trait that is
expressed. Ex. is black hair
Allele - Correct answer-Variation of a gene that determines a trait. For example,
For example, in Mendel's peas, there were the allele for green peas and the allele
for yellow peas.
Heterozygous - Correct answer-having two different alleles for a trait
Homozygous - Correct answer-Having two identical alleles for a particular gene
Diploid - Correct answer-An organism containing two complete sets of
chromosomes, one from each parent, denoted as 2N. For example, any human
somatic cell (skin, muscle, liver) has 46 chromosomes.
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, These cells are formed in mitosis.
Haploid - Correct answer-An organism or cell having only one complete set of
chromosomes, denoted as N. For example, a human gamete is a haploid because it
only has 23 chromosomes.
These cells are formed in meiosis.
Meiosis part 1 process - Correct answer-Prophase 1: Chromosomes condense, form
homologous pairs (mom and dad chromosomes of the same size), and they cross
over, where the pairs trade alleles to create variation.
Metaphase 1: The homologous pairs line up in the center, and spindle fibers attach.
Whichever side the mom's or dad's chromosomes end up on is random, which is
labelled as independent assortment which further increases variation.
Anaphase 1: Chromosomes pulled apart and brought to opposite poles
Telophase 1: 2 New nuclei form around the chromomes.
©COPYRIGHT 2026, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
Questions and Answers
Genotype - Correct answer-An organism's genetic makeup, or the specific allele
combination for a particular gene. Ex is BB
Phenotype - Correct answer-The physical, chemical, or behavioral trait that is
expressed. Ex. is black hair
Allele - Correct answer-Variation of a gene that determines a trait. For example,
For example, in Mendel's peas, there were the allele for green peas and the allele
for yellow peas.
Heterozygous - Correct answer-having two different alleles for a trait
Homozygous - Correct answer-Having two identical alleles for a particular gene
Diploid - Correct answer-An organism containing two complete sets of
chromosomes, one from each parent, denoted as 2N. For example, any human
somatic cell (skin, muscle, liver) has 46 chromosomes.
©COPYRIGHT 2026, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
, These cells are formed in mitosis.
Haploid - Correct answer-An organism or cell having only one complete set of
chromosomes, denoted as N. For example, a human gamete is a haploid because it
only has 23 chromosomes.
These cells are formed in meiosis.
Meiosis part 1 process - Correct answer-Prophase 1: Chromosomes condense, form
homologous pairs (mom and dad chromosomes of the same size), and they cross
over, where the pairs trade alleles to create variation.
Metaphase 1: The homologous pairs line up in the center, and spindle fibers attach.
Whichever side the mom's or dad's chromosomes end up on is random, which is
labelled as independent assortment which further increases variation.
Anaphase 1: Chromosomes pulled apart and brought to opposite poles
Telophase 1: 2 New nuclei form around the chromomes.
©COPYRIGHT 2026, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
