Lean Six Sigma Yellow Belt Measure
Continuous measurement - answer Continuous measurements are derived from a scale
or continuum that is infinitely-divisible. Measurements such as time, temperature,
weight, height, voltage, miles per hour, etc.
Discrete Measurements - answer Discrete measurements are representations of
categories or attributes. Examples include good/bad, male/female, red/blue, or a
discrete number of items or objects that only come in whole units: people, cars, animals,
cities, computer terminals, etc.
May look continuous when they are not
Metrics - answer Measurements that are used to describe the performance of a process
are called Metrics. You may even hear the terms measurement and metric used
interchangeably. Metrics are often expressed as a ratio in order to put the measurement
in a broader context, such as: defects per unit, yield (good output divided by total
output), net profit margin, sales per employee, or warranty claims per unit sold. One of
the basic metrics of Lean Six Sigma is also a ratio: defects per million opportunities.
Operational Definitions - answerAn operational definition is a clear, unambiguous, and
observable standard of acceptance. If at all possible, operational definitions should also
be measurable
The Process of Measurement - answer1) Identify What to Measure
2) Determine How to Measure the Characteristic
3) Develop Sampling Plan and Reaction Plan
4) Validate Measurement System
5) Add to Overall Control Plan
Defective units - answer(called "defectives"), which are counted as (1) regardless of
how many defects there are on a given unit, and
Defects per unit of production, - answerwhere there may be multiple defects on any
given unit.
Cp - answerCp is a measure of potential process capability. It is the ratio of the six-
sigma spread of a process distribution to the tolerance of that distribution. The process
must be stable in order to assess Cp. Cp gives the maximum process capability (Cpk) if
the process is centered exactly in the middle of the tolerance.
Cpk - answerCpk is a measure of the actual process capability. It is calculated by
dividing the distance of the process mean to the nearest tolerance limit by 3 standard
Continuous measurement - answer Continuous measurements are derived from a scale
or continuum that is infinitely-divisible. Measurements such as time, temperature,
weight, height, voltage, miles per hour, etc.
Discrete Measurements - answer Discrete measurements are representations of
categories or attributes. Examples include good/bad, male/female, red/blue, or a
discrete number of items or objects that only come in whole units: people, cars, animals,
cities, computer terminals, etc.
May look continuous when they are not
Metrics - answer Measurements that are used to describe the performance of a process
are called Metrics. You may even hear the terms measurement and metric used
interchangeably. Metrics are often expressed as a ratio in order to put the measurement
in a broader context, such as: defects per unit, yield (good output divided by total
output), net profit margin, sales per employee, or warranty claims per unit sold. One of
the basic metrics of Lean Six Sigma is also a ratio: defects per million opportunities.
Operational Definitions - answerAn operational definition is a clear, unambiguous, and
observable standard of acceptance. If at all possible, operational definitions should also
be measurable
The Process of Measurement - answer1) Identify What to Measure
2) Determine How to Measure the Characteristic
3) Develop Sampling Plan and Reaction Plan
4) Validate Measurement System
5) Add to Overall Control Plan
Defective units - answer(called "defectives"), which are counted as (1) regardless of
how many defects there are on a given unit, and
Defects per unit of production, - answerwhere there may be multiple defects on any
given unit.
Cp - answerCp is a measure of potential process capability. It is the ratio of the six-
sigma spread of a process distribution to the tolerance of that distribution. The process
must be stable in order to assess Cp. Cp gives the maximum process capability (Cpk) if
the process is centered exactly in the middle of the tolerance.
Cpk - answerCpk is a measure of the actual process capability. It is calculated by
dividing the distance of the process mean to the nearest tolerance limit by 3 standard
