Pathology 265 Patho-Renal /GI ATI
Answer Key - Devry University Addison.
**1. A nurse is teaching a client who has gastroesophageal reflux
disease about managing his illness. Which of the following
recommendations should the nurse include?**
A. Limit fluid intake not related to meals.
B. Chew on mint leaves to relieve indigestion.
C. Avoid eating within 3 hr of bedtime.
D. Season foods with black pepper.
**Correct Answer: C. Avoid eating within 3 hr of bedtime.**
* **Rationale:** Lying down immediately after eating promotes
reflux. The nurse should instruct the client to eat small, frequent meals
and avoid eating 2-3 hours before bedtime to reduce abdominal
distention and allow gastric emptying .
* *Incorrect Options:* Mint, black/red pepper, and high-fat foods
relax the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) and increase acid secretion;
they should be avoided. Fluids should be consumed between meals,
not with meals, to prevent distention .
**2. A nurse is providing instructions for a 52-year-old client who is
scheduled for a colonoscopy. The client is very anxious about feeling
pain. Which response is appropriate?**
,A. "Don't worry; most clients dislike the prep more than the
procedure."
B. "Before the examination, your provider will give you a sedative that
will make you sleepy."
C. "I know you’re anxious, but this procedure is recommended for
people your age."
D. "After you sign the consent form, we can talk more about this."
**Correct Answer: B. "Before the examination, your provider will give
you a sedative that will make you sleepy."**
* **Rationale:** This is a therapeutic response that provides accurate
information (conscious sedation) to address the client’s specific fear of
pain, encouraging further discussion .
* *Incorrect Options:* A offers false reassurance. C dismisses the
client's feelings. D implies the nurse won't address concerns until after
a legal document is signed .
**3. A nurse is reviewing lab data for a client with acute pancreatitis.
Which value should be elevated?**
A. Calcium
B. RBC count
C. Magnesium
D. Amylase
**Correct Answer: D. Amylase.**
, * **Rationale:** Amylase and lipase are pancreatic enzymes. In acute
pancreatitis, inflammation causes these enzymes to leak into the
bloodstream. Amylase usually rises within 12-24 hours of onset .
* *Incorrect Options:* Calcium and magnesium often decrease
(hypocalcemia) due to fat saponification. RBCs are usually unaffected,
though WBCs may be elevated .
**4. A nurse is admitting a client with suspected appendicitis. Where is
pain typically palpated?**
*(No options provided in source, but standard answer is:)*
**Correct Answer: Right Lower Quadrant (McBurney’s point).**
* **Rationale:** The appendix is located in the RLQ. Rebound
tenderness at McBurney’s point is a classic sign of appendicitis .
**5. A nurse is teaching a client with Hepatitis B about self-
management. Which instruction should be included?**
A. You may donate blood 6 months after treatment.
B. Consume a high-protein diet.
C. Rest frequently throughout the day.
D. Take acetaminophen every 4 hours for discomfort.
**Correct Answer: C. Rest frequently throughout the day.**
* **Rationale:** Hepatitis reduces the liver's metabolic capacity. Rest
decreases metabolic demands on the liver and conserves energy for
healing .
Answer Key - Devry University Addison.
**1. A nurse is teaching a client who has gastroesophageal reflux
disease about managing his illness. Which of the following
recommendations should the nurse include?**
A. Limit fluid intake not related to meals.
B. Chew on mint leaves to relieve indigestion.
C. Avoid eating within 3 hr of bedtime.
D. Season foods with black pepper.
**Correct Answer: C. Avoid eating within 3 hr of bedtime.**
* **Rationale:** Lying down immediately after eating promotes
reflux. The nurse should instruct the client to eat small, frequent meals
and avoid eating 2-3 hours before bedtime to reduce abdominal
distention and allow gastric emptying .
* *Incorrect Options:* Mint, black/red pepper, and high-fat foods
relax the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) and increase acid secretion;
they should be avoided. Fluids should be consumed between meals,
not with meals, to prevent distention .
**2. A nurse is providing instructions for a 52-year-old client who is
scheduled for a colonoscopy. The client is very anxious about feeling
pain. Which response is appropriate?**
,A. "Don't worry; most clients dislike the prep more than the
procedure."
B. "Before the examination, your provider will give you a sedative that
will make you sleepy."
C. "I know you’re anxious, but this procedure is recommended for
people your age."
D. "After you sign the consent form, we can talk more about this."
**Correct Answer: B. "Before the examination, your provider will give
you a sedative that will make you sleepy."**
* **Rationale:** This is a therapeutic response that provides accurate
information (conscious sedation) to address the client’s specific fear of
pain, encouraging further discussion .
* *Incorrect Options:* A offers false reassurance. C dismisses the
client's feelings. D implies the nurse won't address concerns until after
a legal document is signed .
**3. A nurse is reviewing lab data for a client with acute pancreatitis.
Which value should be elevated?**
A. Calcium
B. RBC count
C. Magnesium
D. Amylase
**Correct Answer: D. Amylase.**
, * **Rationale:** Amylase and lipase are pancreatic enzymes. In acute
pancreatitis, inflammation causes these enzymes to leak into the
bloodstream. Amylase usually rises within 12-24 hours of onset .
* *Incorrect Options:* Calcium and magnesium often decrease
(hypocalcemia) due to fat saponification. RBCs are usually unaffected,
though WBCs may be elevated .
**4. A nurse is admitting a client with suspected appendicitis. Where is
pain typically palpated?**
*(No options provided in source, but standard answer is:)*
**Correct Answer: Right Lower Quadrant (McBurney’s point).**
* **Rationale:** The appendix is located in the RLQ. Rebound
tenderness at McBurney’s point is a classic sign of appendicitis .
**5. A nurse is teaching a client with Hepatitis B about self-
management. Which instruction should be included?**
A. You may donate blood 6 months after treatment.
B. Consume a high-protein diet.
C. Rest frequently throughout the day.
D. Take acetaminophen every 4 hours for discomfort.
**Correct Answer: C. Rest frequently throughout the day.**
* **Rationale:** Hepatitis reduces the liver's metabolic capacity. Rest
decreases metabolic demands on the liver and conserves energy for
healing .
