Nursing Fundamentals
MAXE • LANIF
NF College of Nursing & Health Sciences
B U I L D I N G T H E F O U N D AT I O N F O R N U R S I N G E X C E L L E N C E
FUNDAMENTALS
Nursing Fundamentals — Final Exam
CO M P L E T E CO M P R E H E N S I V E R E V I E W — PAT I E N T C A R E , S A F E TY, E T H I CS & P R O F E SS I O N A L P R A C T I C E
INSTITUTION Nursing Fundamentals Program EXAM TYPE Nursing Fundamentals Final Examination
PROGRAM RN Nursing Program ACADEMIC YEAR
EXAM TITLE Nursing Fundamentals Final Exam — TOTAL QUESTIONS Complete Study Guide — All Topics
Complete Review
COURSE TITLE Nursing Fundamentals FORMAT Multiple Choice — Select the Single Best
Answer
EXAMINATION INSTRUCTIONS
▸ Select the single best answer for each question unless otherwise specified.
▸ This comprehensive Final Exam covers nursing assistant scope of practice, patient safety, hygiene, pressure injury prevention,
communication, end-of-life care, vital signs, legal/ethical issues (OBRA, ombudsman, HIPAA), healthcare delivery systems
(Medicare, Medicaid, functional nursing), and professional conduct.
▸ Correct answers and detailed rationales appear below each question.
▸ All content is derived from Nursing Fundamentals Final Exam core concepts.
SECTION I — SCOPE OF PRACTICE, HEALTHCARE SYSTEMS & Part
COMMUNICATION A
1. You enter a resident's room and find a new onset bedsore. Where should you discuss this with the nurse?
A. In the patient's room.
B. In the hallway with the family.
C. In private.
D. At the local bar.
CORRECT ANSWER C — In private.
RATIONALE Patient information must be discussed privately to maintain HIPAA confidentiality. Discussing in the patient's
room (A) may be overheard by the patient or visitors. Hallway discussions (B) violate privacy. Off-site
discussions (D) are completely inappropriate.
, 2. To prevent shampoo from getting into a resident's eyes, you should:
A. Use a hand-held nozzle.
B. Use dry shampoo.
C. Rinse the hair thoroughly.
D. Use a washcloth to cover the eyes.
CORRECT ANSWER D — Use a washcloth to cover the eyes.
RATIONALE A washcloth placed over the eyes provides a physical barrier preventing shampoo and water from entering. A
hand-held nozzle (A) controls water flow but doesn't protect eyes. Dry shampoo (B) avoids water but isn't
always appropriate. Thorough rinsing (C) is important but doesn't prevent initial eye exposure.
3. Bath water temperature should be at:
A. 110-115 degrees F.
B. 110-120 degrees F.
C. 105 degrees F.
D. 105-109 degrees F.
CORRECT ANSWER A — 110-115 degrees F.
RATIONALE Bath water should be 110-115°F to prevent thermal injury while providing comfort. Water above 120°F can
cause burns within minutes, especially in older adults and those with decreased sensation. Always verify
temperature with a thermometer or wrist before bathing.
4. The word ACUTE when used to define illness means:
A. An illness for which there is no reasonable expectation of recovery.
B. An ongoing illness for which there is no cure.
C. A sudden onset to an illness.
D. An illness that is gradual.
CORRECT ANSWER C — A sudden onset to an illness.
RATIONALE Acute illness has rapid onset and short duration (e.g., pneumonia, appendicitis). Chronic illness (B) is ongoing
with no cure. Terminal illness (A) has no reasonable expectation of recovery. Gradual onset (D) describes
chronic conditions. Acute conditions typically resolve with treatment.
5. In your role as a nursing assistant, you are able to:
A. Take verbal orders over the phone from doctors.
B. Give medications.
C. Insert a Foley catheter.
D. Report changes in the resident's condition to the nurse.
CORRECT ANSWER D — Report changes in the resident's condition to the nurse.
RATIONALE Nursing assistants work under RN/LPN supervision and can report observations but cannot take verbal orders
(A—only licensed staff), administer medications (B), or perform invasive procedures like catheter insertion (C).
Recognizing and reporting changes is a critical UAP responsibility.
MAXE • LANIF
NF College of Nursing & Health Sciences
B U I L D I N G T H E F O U N D AT I O N F O R N U R S I N G E X C E L L E N C E
FUNDAMENTALS
Nursing Fundamentals — Final Exam
CO M P L E T E CO M P R E H E N S I V E R E V I E W — PAT I E N T C A R E , S A F E TY, E T H I CS & P R O F E SS I O N A L P R A C T I C E
INSTITUTION Nursing Fundamentals Program EXAM TYPE Nursing Fundamentals Final Examination
PROGRAM RN Nursing Program ACADEMIC YEAR
EXAM TITLE Nursing Fundamentals Final Exam — TOTAL QUESTIONS Complete Study Guide — All Topics
Complete Review
COURSE TITLE Nursing Fundamentals FORMAT Multiple Choice — Select the Single Best
Answer
EXAMINATION INSTRUCTIONS
▸ Select the single best answer for each question unless otherwise specified.
▸ This comprehensive Final Exam covers nursing assistant scope of practice, patient safety, hygiene, pressure injury prevention,
communication, end-of-life care, vital signs, legal/ethical issues (OBRA, ombudsman, HIPAA), healthcare delivery systems
(Medicare, Medicaid, functional nursing), and professional conduct.
▸ Correct answers and detailed rationales appear below each question.
▸ All content is derived from Nursing Fundamentals Final Exam core concepts.
SECTION I — SCOPE OF PRACTICE, HEALTHCARE SYSTEMS & Part
COMMUNICATION A
1. You enter a resident's room and find a new onset bedsore. Where should you discuss this with the nurse?
A. In the patient's room.
B. In the hallway with the family.
C. In private.
D. At the local bar.
CORRECT ANSWER C — In private.
RATIONALE Patient information must be discussed privately to maintain HIPAA confidentiality. Discussing in the patient's
room (A) may be overheard by the patient or visitors. Hallway discussions (B) violate privacy. Off-site
discussions (D) are completely inappropriate.
, 2. To prevent shampoo from getting into a resident's eyes, you should:
A. Use a hand-held nozzle.
B. Use dry shampoo.
C. Rinse the hair thoroughly.
D. Use a washcloth to cover the eyes.
CORRECT ANSWER D — Use a washcloth to cover the eyes.
RATIONALE A washcloth placed over the eyes provides a physical barrier preventing shampoo and water from entering. A
hand-held nozzle (A) controls water flow but doesn't protect eyes. Dry shampoo (B) avoids water but isn't
always appropriate. Thorough rinsing (C) is important but doesn't prevent initial eye exposure.
3. Bath water temperature should be at:
A. 110-115 degrees F.
B. 110-120 degrees F.
C. 105 degrees F.
D. 105-109 degrees F.
CORRECT ANSWER A — 110-115 degrees F.
RATIONALE Bath water should be 110-115°F to prevent thermal injury while providing comfort. Water above 120°F can
cause burns within minutes, especially in older adults and those with decreased sensation. Always verify
temperature with a thermometer or wrist before bathing.
4. The word ACUTE when used to define illness means:
A. An illness for which there is no reasonable expectation of recovery.
B. An ongoing illness for which there is no cure.
C. A sudden onset to an illness.
D. An illness that is gradual.
CORRECT ANSWER C — A sudden onset to an illness.
RATIONALE Acute illness has rapid onset and short duration (e.g., pneumonia, appendicitis). Chronic illness (B) is ongoing
with no cure. Terminal illness (A) has no reasonable expectation of recovery. Gradual onset (D) describes
chronic conditions. Acute conditions typically resolve with treatment.
5. In your role as a nursing assistant, you are able to:
A. Take verbal orders over the phone from doctors.
B. Give medications.
C. Insert a Foley catheter.
D. Report changes in the resident's condition to the nurse.
CORRECT ANSWER D — Report changes in the resident's condition to the nurse.
RATIONALE Nursing assistants work under RN/LPN supervision and can report observations but cannot take verbal orders
(A—only licensed staff), administer medications (B), or perform invasive procedures like catheter insertion (C).
Recognizing and reporting changes is a critical UAP responsibility.
