4 M A X E • S L AT N E M A D N U F
★ ★
Nursing Fundamentals Assessment
N Comprehensive Examination — Exam 4
EST. 2026
E XC E L L E N C E I N N U RS I N G E D U C AT I O N
Nursing Fundamentals — Exam 4
H E A LT H C A R E S Y S T E M , W E L L N E S S , S E L F - CO N C E P T & M A S LO W ' S H I E R A R C H Y
INSTITUTION Nursing Fundamentals Assessment COURSE CODE Nursing Fundamentals — Exam 4
PROGRAM Practical Nursing (PN) / Associate Degree ACADEMIC YEAR
in Nursing (ADN)
EXAM TITLE Nursing Fundamentals Exam 4 TOTAL QUESTIONS 50 Questions
COURSE TITLE Fundamentals of Nursing FORMAT Multiple Choice — Select the Single Best
Answer
EXAMINATION INSTRUCTIONS
▸ Select the single best answer for each question unless otherwise instructed.
▸ Select all that apply questions are indicated — choose every correct option.
▸ Questions cover the healthcare system, wellness/illness, self-concept, and Maslow's hierarchy.
▸ Correct answers and clinical rationales appear below each question for review purposes.
▸ All content reflects current evidence-based nursing practice and healthcare policy.
SECTION I — FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING COMPREHENSIVE Questions 1 –
EXAMINATION 50
1. The nurse is teaching a community health class. Hand washing, immunizations, and health promotion activities
such as diet and exercise are examples of which level of prevention?
A. Primary prevention.
B. Secondary prevention.
C. Tertiary prevention.
D. Quaternary prevention.
CORRECT ANSWER A — Primary prevention.
RATIONALE Primary prevention focuses on HEALTH PROMOTION and ILLNESS PREVENTION — maintaining an optimal
level of wellness and decreasing disease and disability before they occur. Activities: hand washing,
immunizations, health promotion (diet, stress prevention, exercise), smoking cessation, and safety education.
Secondary prevention (B) focuses on early detection and prompt treatment — screening (HIV testing,
cholesterol checks, mammograms, dental/eye exams, baby wellness checks), diagnosis, and acute
medical/surgical intervention. Tertiary prevention (C) focuses on rehabilitation — restoring function,
maximizing results of treatment, and helping individuals reach their highest possible level of functioning
given chronic or irreversible conditions (cardiac rehab, stroke rehab, education on self-care and adaptive
equipment). The three levels represent a continuum: prevent → detect/treat → rehabilitate.
,2. Routine screening, HIV testing, cholesterol checks, and dental exams are examples of which level of prevention?
A. Primary prevention.
B. Secondary prevention.
C. Tertiary prevention.
D. Health promotion only.
CORRECT ANSWER B — Secondary prevention.
RATIONALE Secondary prevention focuses on EARLY DETECTION and prompt treatment of disease — screening activities
that identify health problems before symptoms develop, allowing early intervention. Activities include:
routine screening (blood pressure, cholesterol, cancer screenings), HIV testing, dental and eye exams, and
baby wellness checks. The goal is to detect disease in its earliest stages when treatment is most effective and
to minimize further impairments. Primary prevention (A) prevents disease before it occurs (immunizations,
health education). Tertiary prevention (C) rehabilitates after disease has caused damage (cardiac
rehabilitation, stroke rehabilitation). Secondary prevention services are typically provided in: physicians'
offices, ambulatory care centers, occupational health clinics, and community health screenings. Early
detection reduces morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs.
3. Rehabilitation, education on using adaptive equipment, and maximizing abilities in light of chronic conditions are
examples of which level of prevention?
A. Primary prevention.
B. Secondary prevention.
C. Tertiary prevention.
D. Health protection.
CORRECT ANSWER C — Tertiary prevention.
RATIONALE Tertiary prevention focuses on REHABILITATION — restoring function, maximizing results of treatment, and
helping individuals reach their highest possible level of functioning given chronic or irreversible conditions.
The goal is to help individuals move from their current level of health toward their previous level or the
optimal level they are capable of achieving. Activities: cardiac rehabilitation, stroke rehabilitation, pulmonary
rehabilitation, education on adaptive equipment and improved self-care techniques, support groups, and
palliative care. Tertiary prevention does not cure the disease but minimizes disability and maximizes quality
of life. Settings: rehabilitation centers, home health care agencies, extended care facilities, hospice services.
This level is about living WELL WITH chronic illness — not preventing it (primary) or detecting it early
(secondary). The ANA health system reform agenda emphasizes balancing hospital care with community-
based and preventive care programs.
, 4. Government agencies established at local, state, and federal levels to provide health services to the population are
part of which healthcare sector?
A. Private healthcare.
B. Public health.
C. Proprietary healthcare.
D. Voluntary healthcare.
CORRECT ANSWER B — Public health.
RATIONALE Public health refers to government (official) agencies established at the local, state, and federal levels to
provide public health services. These agencies focus on: disease surveillance, health promotion, disease
prevention, environmental health, and ensuring access to care for vulnerable populations. Examples: CDC
(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), FDA (Food and Drug Administration), state and local health
departments. Private healthcare (A) is non-governmental — includes private hospitals, physician offices.
Proprietary healthcare (C) is for-profit. Voluntary healthcare (D) is non-profit. Hospitals can be classified by
ownership: private (non-governmental) or public (governmental — federal, state, city, county); and by service:
general (medical, surgical, obstetric, pediatric, psychiatric) or specialized (psychiatric, pediatric,
rehabilitation). Acute care provides short-term hospitalization; subacute care is for patients with acute illness
or exacerbation who need continued care but not acute hospitalization.
5. A patient with a terminal illness is receiving care focused on improving quality of life rather than curing the disease.
This type of care is called:
A. Acute care.
B. Subacute care.
C. Hospice care.
D. Rehabilitation care.
CORRECT ANSWER C — Hospice care.
RATIONALE Hospice care focuses on improving or maintaining quality of life until death — NOT on curing disease. It is
provided to terminally ill patients, their families, and support persons. The nurse acts as a case manager,
coordinating physical, emotional, social, and spiritual care. Hospice can be provided in the home, hospice
facilities, hospitals, or nursing homes. Acute care (A) provides short-term treatment for acute illness or injury.
Subacute care (B) is for patients who need continued care after acute hospitalization but not full acute care.
Rehabilitation care (D) focuses on restoring function and maximizing independence. Hospice is a philosophy
of care — it emphasizes comfort, dignity, and quality of life when cure is no longer possible. Bereavement care
continues for the family after the patient's death. Hospice is covered by Medicare Part A for eligible patients
with a prognosis of 6 months or less.
★ ★
Nursing Fundamentals Assessment
N Comprehensive Examination — Exam 4
EST. 2026
E XC E L L E N C E I N N U RS I N G E D U C AT I O N
Nursing Fundamentals — Exam 4
H E A LT H C A R E S Y S T E M , W E L L N E S S , S E L F - CO N C E P T & M A S LO W ' S H I E R A R C H Y
INSTITUTION Nursing Fundamentals Assessment COURSE CODE Nursing Fundamentals — Exam 4
PROGRAM Practical Nursing (PN) / Associate Degree ACADEMIC YEAR
in Nursing (ADN)
EXAM TITLE Nursing Fundamentals Exam 4 TOTAL QUESTIONS 50 Questions
COURSE TITLE Fundamentals of Nursing FORMAT Multiple Choice — Select the Single Best
Answer
EXAMINATION INSTRUCTIONS
▸ Select the single best answer for each question unless otherwise instructed.
▸ Select all that apply questions are indicated — choose every correct option.
▸ Questions cover the healthcare system, wellness/illness, self-concept, and Maslow's hierarchy.
▸ Correct answers and clinical rationales appear below each question for review purposes.
▸ All content reflects current evidence-based nursing practice and healthcare policy.
SECTION I — FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING COMPREHENSIVE Questions 1 –
EXAMINATION 50
1. The nurse is teaching a community health class. Hand washing, immunizations, and health promotion activities
such as diet and exercise are examples of which level of prevention?
A. Primary prevention.
B. Secondary prevention.
C. Tertiary prevention.
D. Quaternary prevention.
CORRECT ANSWER A — Primary prevention.
RATIONALE Primary prevention focuses on HEALTH PROMOTION and ILLNESS PREVENTION — maintaining an optimal
level of wellness and decreasing disease and disability before they occur. Activities: hand washing,
immunizations, health promotion (diet, stress prevention, exercise), smoking cessation, and safety education.
Secondary prevention (B) focuses on early detection and prompt treatment — screening (HIV testing,
cholesterol checks, mammograms, dental/eye exams, baby wellness checks), diagnosis, and acute
medical/surgical intervention. Tertiary prevention (C) focuses on rehabilitation — restoring function,
maximizing results of treatment, and helping individuals reach their highest possible level of functioning
given chronic or irreversible conditions (cardiac rehab, stroke rehab, education on self-care and adaptive
equipment). The three levels represent a continuum: prevent → detect/treat → rehabilitate.
,2. Routine screening, HIV testing, cholesterol checks, and dental exams are examples of which level of prevention?
A. Primary prevention.
B. Secondary prevention.
C. Tertiary prevention.
D. Health promotion only.
CORRECT ANSWER B — Secondary prevention.
RATIONALE Secondary prevention focuses on EARLY DETECTION and prompt treatment of disease — screening activities
that identify health problems before symptoms develop, allowing early intervention. Activities include:
routine screening (blood pressure, cholesterol, cancer screenings), HIV testing, dental and eye exams, and
baby wellness checks. The goal is to detect disease in its earliest stages when treatment is most effective and
to minimize further impairments. Primary prevention (A) prevents disease before it occurs (immunizations,
health education). Tertiary prevention (C) rehabilitates after disease has caused damage (cardiac
rehabilitation, stroke rehabilitation). Secondary prevention services are typically provided in: physicians'
offices, ambulatory care centers, occupational health clinics, and community health screenings. Early
detection reduces morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs.
3. Rehabilitation, education on using adaptive equipment, and maximizing abilities in light of chronic conditions are
examples of which level of prevention?
A. Primary prevention.
B. Secondary prevention.
C. Tertiary prevention.
D. Health protection.
CORRECT ANSWER C — Tertiary prevention.
RATIONALE Tertiary prevention focuses on REHABILITATION — restoring function, maximizing results of treatment, and
helping individuals reach their highest possible level of functioning given chronic or irreversible conditions.
The goal is to help individuals move from their current level of health toward their previous level or the
optimal level they are capable of achieving. Activities: cardiac rehabilitation, stroke rehabilitation, pulmonary
rehabilitation, education on adaptive equipment and improved self-care techniques, support groups, and
palliative care. Tertiary prevention does not cure the disease but minimizes disability and maximizes quality
of life. Settings: rehabilitation centers, home health care agencies, extended care facilities, hospice services.
This level is about living WELL WITH chronic illness — not preventing it (primary) or detecting it early
(secondary). The ANA health system reform agenda emphasizes balancing hospital care with community-
based and preventive care programs.
, 4. Government agencies established at local, state, and federal levels to provide health services to the population are
part of which healthcare sector?
A. Private healthcare.
B. Public health.
C. Proprietary healthcare.
D. Voluntary healthcare.
CORRECT ANSWER B — Public health.
RATIONALE Public health refers to government (official) agencies established at the local, state, and federal levels to
provide public health services. These agencies focus on: disease surveillance, health promotion, disease
prevention, environmental health, and ensuring access to care for vulnerable populations. Examples: CDC
(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), FDA (Food and Drug Administration), state and local health
departments. Private healthcare (A) is non-governmental — includes private hospitals, physician offices.
Proprietary healthcare (C) is for-profit. Voluntary healthcare (D) is non-profit. Hospitals can be classified by
ownership: private (non-governmental) or public (governmental — federal, state, city, county); and by service:
general (medical, surgical, obstetric, pediatric, psychiatric) or specialized (psychiatric, pediatric,
rehabilitation). Acute care provides short-term hospitalization; subacute care is for patients with acute illness
or exacerbation who need continued care but not acute hospitalization.
5. A patient with a terminal illness is receiving care focused on improving quality of life rather than curing the disease.
This type of care is called:
A. Acute care.
B. Subacute care.
C. Hospice care.
D. Rehabilitation care.
CORRECT ANSWER C — Hospice care.
RATIONALE Hospice care focuses on improving or maintaining quality of life until death — NOT on curing disease. It is
provided to terminally ill patients, their families, and support persons. The nurse acts as a case manager,
coordinating physical, emotional, social, and spiritual care. Hospice can be provided in the home, hospice
facilities, hospitals, or nursing homes. Acute care (A) provides short-term treatment for acute illness or injury.
Subacute care (B) is for patients who need continued care after acute hospitalization but not full acute care.
Rehabilitation care (D) focuses on restoring function and maximizing independence. Hospice is a philosophy
of care — it emphasizes comfort, dignity, and quality of life when cure is no longer possible. Bereavement care
continues for the family after the patient's death. Hospice is covered by Medicare Part A for eligible patients
with a prognosis of 6 months or less.
