Chaos Theory - Answers developed to explain the phenomena of unintended consequences; are in a
constant stage of change
Complexity Theory - Answers suggests organizations are made of self-organizing units, adapt to their
environment, manage non-linear change processes, and are unpredictable and demonstrate may
multifaceted unique patterns
Information Theory - Answers explores the relationship of communication and how information is
shared
System Theory - Answers explores the relationship between systems or the parts within a system.
Systems theory provides a framework for looking at the inputs into a system, for analyzing how the
system processes that input, and for measuring and evaluating the output from the system.
System Theory: Open & Closed System - Answers Closed System - enclosed within an impermeable
boundary and DO NOT interact with the environment
Open system - enclosed within a semipermeable boundary and do interact with the environment
Open System - Answers takes the input (information, matter, and energy) from environment, process
the input, and then return the output to the environment, output becomes feedback to the system
**Open system are sometimes referred to as a closed system when the boundaries are less
permeable and results are more limited.
Primary Characteristics of analyzing open system: structure, function, & purpose - Answers 1)
Purpose: the reason for the system's existence
The purpose of the an institution or program is often outlined in the mission statement
2) Purpose answers the question: "Why select a system?
Function: focus on the question "How will the system achieve its purpose?.
Functions for that system are carefully identified and defined in writing. They are listed as functional
specification (identify each function and describe how that function will be performed).
3) Systems are structured to perform their functions.
Structure follows function and is influenced by their resources.
Butterfly Effect - Answers A minor change in input can create a major change in output. On the other
hand, a major change in input can result in minor changes in output.
ex. A butterfly flapping its wing in California over time can become a hurricane in position or if any
other input had been changed slightly, the hurricane may never have happened.
Stage 1, 2, 3 requirements of Meaningful Use - Answers 1st stage --> began in 2011 and will end in
2014. data capture and sharing - electronically capturing health information in a standardized format,
using that information to track key clinical condition, communicating that information for
coordination process, initiating the reporting of clinical quality measures and public health
information, using information to engage patients and their families in their care
2nd stage --> focuses on encouraging robust use of health information technology through continuous
quality improvement efforts, health information exchange networks, and structured data capture,
starts in the fiscal year 2014. advance clinical processes - more rigorous health information exchange,
increased requirement for prescribing and incorporating lab results, electronic transmission of patient
care summaries across multiple settings, more patient controlled data
3rd stage --> attempts to support quality initiatives, improve safety, efficiency, and patient outcomes,
address population health requirements, provide enhanced decision support and promote patient-
centered health information exchange, improved outcomes = improving quality, safety, and
efficiency. leading to improved health outcomes, decision support for national high priority condition,
patient access to self management tools, access to comprehensive patient data through patient
centered HIE, improving population health
Health Informatics - Answers
Nelson-Data-Wisdom Continuum (understand each category and how it used to frame the scope of
practice for nursing informatics) - Answers
PHR - Answers Two principles for PHRs are a persistent longitudinal record of an individual's health
and healthcare over a life span and for users to own and control access and annotate data created by
others.
Principle of an ideal personal health record