PNCB Actual Exam Questions and Verified Answers
with Rationales | Latest 2026/ 2027 | 100% Correct
Elaborations (verified Answers)
A female athlete experiences anaphylaxis during a soccer game. The only significant history is
that she had lunch about 1 hour before the incident. Food-dependent exercise-induced
anaphylaxis is diagnosed. Of the following, the MOST likely cause is:
chocolate milkshake
pineapple
tomatoes
whole wheat bread whole wheat
bread
Exercise is a known co-factor in some children who experience anaphylaxis. Food-dependent
exercise-induced anaphylaxis (FDEIA) is defined as a food induced allergic reaction that occurs
during or soon after exercise. Children should not exercise within 2-3 hours of ingesting the
triggering food. Nuts, wheat, apples, bananas, kiwi, peaches and eggs frequently are the cause for
anaphylaxis.
A healthy 24 month old can be expected to have achieved which of the following language
milestones?
counts three objects correctly
,speaks using 30 - 50 words
states full name
tells a story speaks using
30 - 50 words
Utilizing the Early Language Milestone Scale, beginning at the age of 11 months and continuing
to 24 months of age, the child should have a vocabulary of 50 words. This child should be able to
put words together in short, 2 - 3 word sentences and name at least one object in a picture. The
child at age 3 - 4 years will be able to tell a short story and begin to count. A 2 year old may
know his first name, but usually cannot state full name until he/she is older.
A 10 month old has had apparent abdominal pain for the past 4 hours. During episodes of pain,
the infant screams inconsolably and draws his legs towards the abdomen, has vomited twice, but
has had no diarrhea. Between episodes the infant is calm and quiet. The MOST likely diagnosis
is:
Meckel's diverticulum
intussusception
acute appendicitis
,acute gastroenteritis intussusception
Acute onset of abdominal pain requires immediate investigation. The nurse practitioner must be
able to distinguish between conditions that can safely be managed at home and those requiring
immediate referral. Meckel's diverticulum usually involves painless rectal bleeding. Acute
appendicitis can occur in infants and must be considered in the differential diagnosis. The pain
history of acute appendicitis is usually more continuous, and there is no palpable mass. Acute
gastroenteritis may involve intermittent pain and cramping, but more typically the child appears
ill, and vomiting and diarrhea play a more prominent role. The pain of intussusception is very
severe, with periods of well-being in between. There is frequently vomiting, however stools
initially are normal. Later stools can be like red jelly in appearance. A sausage shaped mass is
frequently palpable in the right upper quadrant and aids in diagnosis.
For the parents of an 8 month old, the MOST appropriate age-related anticipatory guidance
regarding safety includes which of the following?
cover electrical outlets, keep small objects out of reach, turn car seat to forward-facing position
keep medications out of reach, continue to use car seat in rear-facing position, cover electrical
outlets
avoid finger foods that can be easily aspirated, teach stranger safety, place Mr. Yuk stickers on
toxic materials
keep matches out of reach, place Mr. Yuk stickers on toxic materials, teach stranger safety
keep medications out of reach, continue to use car seat in rear-facing position, cover electrical
outlets
An 8 month old is beginning to cruise, crawl and develop a fine pincer grasp. Keeping
medications and small objects out of reach in this age group assists in avoiding choking or toxic
ingestions. Covering electrical outlets helps to prevent accidental electrocution while the infant is
exploring his surroundings. An infant should maintain the rear-facing position of the car seat
until the age of one year. An 8 month old is not at a developmental level to understand stranger
, caution nor Mr. Yuk stickers. Keeping matches out of reach is important, although it is not as
likely that an 8 month old would have the dexterity to strike a match.
The INITIAL treatment for a school-age female with well-demarcated erythema and mucoid
discharge in the vulva area includes:
discontinuation of bubble baths.
instruction on front to back cleansing.
oral penicillin.
topical Premarin. instruction on front to
back cleansing.
Vulvovaginitis is the most common genital complaint among prepubertal girls due to the thin
hypo estrogenized mucosal tissue with an alkaline pH, small labia minora, and location proximal
to the anus. Vulvovaginitis, caused by streptococcal bacterial infections, is identified by
welldemarcated areas of erythema with a mucoid discharge. A 10-day regimen of oral penicillin
or amoxicillin is the treatment for a streptococcal infection which is the most common organism.
Vulvovaginitis can be caused by poor hygiene in girls who may be wiping inadequately or
inappropriately (e.g. from back to front), leading to local irritation. Prepubertal females should
be instructed in proper hygiene and wiping of perianal area. Soaps, shampoos, and bubble baths
are the most common cause of dysuria due to chemical urethritis. Topical Premarin is used in the
initial treatment of labial adhesions.
Emphasis on promoting healthy behavioral changes for the overweight child should include
which of the following?
with Rationales | Latest 2026/ 2027 | 100% Correct
Elaborations (verified Answers)
A female athlete experiences anaphylaxis during a soccer game. The only significant history is
that she had lunch about 1 hour before the incident. Food-dependent exercise-induced
anaphylaxis is diagnosed. Of the following, the MOST likely cause is:
chocolate milkshake
pineapple
tomatoes
whole wheat bread whole wheat
bread
Exercise is a known co-factor in some children who experience anaphylaxis. Food-dependent
exercise-induced anaphylaxis (FDEIA) is defined as a food induced allergic reaction that occurs
during or soon after exercise. Children should not exercise within 2-3 hours of ingesting the
triggering food. Nuts, wheat, apples, bananas, kiwi, peaches and eggs frequently are the cause for
anaphylaxis.
A healthy 24 month old can be expected to have achieved which of the following language
milestones?
counts three objects correctly
,speaks using 30 - 50 words
states full name
tells a story speaks using
30 - 50 words
Utilizing the Early Language Milestone Scale, beginning at the age of 11 months and continuing
to 24 months of age, the child should have a vocabulary of 50 words. This child should be able to
put words together in short, 2 - 3 word sentences and name at least one object in a picture. The
child at age 3 - 4 years will be able to tell a short story and begin to count. A 2 year old may
know his first name, but usually cannot state full name until he/she is older.
A 10 month old has had apparent abdominal pain for the past 4 hours. During episodes of pain,
the infant screams inconsolably and draws his legs towards the abdomen, has vomited twice, but
has had no diarrhea. Between episodes the infant is calm and quiet. The MOST likely diagnosis
is:
Meckel's diverticulum
intussusception
acute appendicitis
,acute gastroenteritis intussusception
Acute onset of abdominal pain requires immediate investigation. The nurse practitioner must be
able to distinguish between conditions that can safely be managed at home and those requiring
immediate referral. Meckel's diverticulum usually involves painless rectal bleeding. Acute
appendicitis can occur in infants and must be considered in the differential diagnosis. The pain
history of acute appendicitis is usually more continuous, and there is no palpable mass. Acute
gastroenteritis may involve intermittent pain and cramping, but more typically the child appears
ill, and vomiting and diarrhea play a more prominent role. The pain of intussusception is very
severe, with periods of well-being in between. There is frequently vomiting, however stools
initially are normal. Later stools can be like red jelly in appearance. A sausage shaped mass is
frequently palpable in the right upper quadrant and aids in diagnosis.
For the parents of an 8 month old, the MOST appropriate age-related anticipatory guidance
regarding safety includes which of the following?
cover electrical outlets, keep small objects out of reach, turn car seat to forward-facing position
keep medications out of reach, continue to use car seat in rear-facing position, cover electrical
outlets
avoid finger foods that can be easily aspirated, teach stranger safety, place Mr. Yuk stickers on
toxic materials
keep matches out of reach, place Mr. Yuk stickers on toxic materials, teach stranger safety
keep medications out of reach, continue to use car seat in rear-facing position, cover electrical
outlets
An 8 month old is beginning to cruise, crawl and develop a fine pincer grasp. Keeping
medications and small objects out of reach in this age group assists in avoiding choking or toxic
ingestions. Covering electrical outlets helps to prevent accidental electrocution while the infant is
exploring his surroundings. An infant should maintain the rear-facing position of the car seat
until the age of one year. An 8 month old is not at a developmental level to understand stranger
, caution nor Mr. Yuk stickers. Keeping matches out of reach is important, although it is not as
likely that an 8 month old would have the dexterity to strike a match.
The INITIAL treatment for a school-age female with well-demarcated erythema and mucoid
discharge in the vulva area includes:
discontinuation of bubble baths.
instruction on front to back cleansing.
oral penicillin.
topical Premarin. instruction on front to
back cleansing.
Vulvovaginitis is the most common genital complaint among prepubertal girls due to the thin
hypo estrogenized mucosal tissue with an alkaline pH, small labia minora, and location proximal
to the anus. Vulvovaginitis, caused by streptococcal bacterial infections, is identified by
welldemarcated areas of erythema with a mucoid discharge. A 10-day regimen of oral penicillin
or amoxicillin is the treatment for a streptococcal infection which is the most common organism.
Vulvovaginitis can be caused by poor hygiene in girls who may be wiping inadequately or
inappropriately (e.g. from back to front), leading to local irritation. Prepubertal females should
be instructed in proper hygiene and wiping of perianal area. Soaps, shampoos, and bubble baths
are the most common cause of dysuria due to chemical urethritis. Topical Premarin is used in the
initial treatment of labial adhesions.
Emphasis on promoting healthy behavioral changes for the overweight child should include
which of the following?
