Human Neuropsychology - Midterm 1
Vocabulary Exam 2026 Questions and
Answers Graded A+
Localization - Correct answer-Different brain regions have different functions
Lateralization - Correct answer-The left and right hemispheres have different
functions, some conscious and some unconscious
Internal carotid artery - Correct answer-Supplies most of the blood to the brain
Vertebral arteries - Correct answer-Supply the back of the brain and brainstem with
blood
Lower motor neuron pathology - Correct answer-Wasting (atrophy), low or normal
tone (flaccidity), reduced or absent reflexes (hyporeflexia or areflexia),
fasciculations
Upper motor neuron pathology - Correct answer-Very little wasting, increased tone
(spasticity), brisk reflexes, primitive reflexes
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,Upper motor neuron - Correct answer-Originates in cerebral cortex or brainstem
and terminates on a lower motor neuron
Lower motor neuron - Correct answer-Second neuron in the motor command
pathway that is directly connected to the skeletal muscle
Circle of Willis - Correct answer-A structure at the base of the brain that is formed
by the joining of the carotid and basilar arteries.
Neurological Exam - Correct answer-Mental status, cranial nerves, motor
functions, coordination, reflexes, sensory, gait (MCMCRSG)
Mental status exam - Correct answer-The patient is awake, alert, fully oriented and
cooperative, Appearance, Behavior, Motor activity, Speech, Mood and affect,
Thought process, Thought content, Perceptions, Cognition, Insight and Judgement
Language exam - Correct answer-Battery of tests for: Fluency, Naming, Repetition,
Comprehension, Reading, Writing, Praxis, Broca's or Wernicke's Aphasia
Lateral geniculate - Correct answer-Primary relay center for visual information,
receiving input from the retina and transmitting it to the primary visual cortex for
processing into conscious perception
Superior colliculus - Correct answer-Processes optical stimuli, orients attention,
and coordinates eye and head movements
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, The Luria Sequence - Correct answer-Ask a patient to make a fist in the right hand,
then go straight, then flatten on table. They should be able to go fast, otherwise
there might be PFC damage
Test for Neglect - Correct answer-When left and right side are presented
spontaneously, patient will only pay attention to the dominant side (ie non-lesioned
area)
Wisconsin card sorting test - Correct answer-To assess cognitive flexibility,
abstract reasoning, and executive function. Normally takes 10 trials to get the rule,
PFC damage leads to difficulties with this task
Stroop Test - Correct answer-Name the word color and not the word. Tests
inhibition and cognitive control in the incongruent condition
Mini-mental state examination - Correct answer-10-minute screening test used to
assess cognitive function, identify cognitive impairment, and monitor changes in
cognition over time. It evaluates key areas such as orientation, attention, memory,
language, and visuospatial skills, helping to diagnose and track conditions like
dementia
Montreal cognitive assessment - Correct answer-Used to rapidly screen for mild
cognitive dysfunction and early signs of dementia. It evaluates multiple cognitive
domains, including memory, attention, language, visual-spatial skills, executive
©COPYRIGHT 2026, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
Vocabulary Exam 2026 Questions and
Answers Graded A+
Localization - Correct answer-Different brain regions have different functions
Lateralization - Correct answer-The left and right hemispheres have different
functions, some conscious and some unconscious
Internal carotid artery - Correct answer-Supplies most of the blood to the brain
Vertebral arteries - Correct answer-Supply the back of the brain and brainstem with
blood
Lower motor neuron pathology - Correct answer-Wasting (atrophy), low or normal
tone (flaccidity), reduced or absent reflexes (hyporeflexia or areflexia),
fasciculations
Upper motor neuron pathology - Correct answer-Very little wasting, increased tone
(spasticity), brisk reflexes, primitive reflexes
©COPYRIGHT 2026, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,Upper motor neuron - Correct answer-Originates in cerebral cortex or brainstem
and terminates on a lower motor neuron
Lower motor neuron - Correct answer-Second neuron in the motor command
pathway that is directly connected to the skeletal muscle
Circle of Willis - Correct answer-A structure at the base of the brain that is formed
by the joining of the carotid and basilar arteries.
Neurological Exam - Correct answer-Mental status, cranial nerves, motor
functions, coordination, reflexes, sensory, gait (MCMCRSG)
Mental status exam - Correct answer-The patient is awake, alert, fully oriented and
cooperative, Appearance, Behavior, Motor activity, Speech, Mood and affect,
Thought process, Thought content, Perceptions, Cognition, Insight and Judgement
Language exam - Correct answer-Battery of tests for: Fluency, Naming, Repetition,
Comprehension, Reading, Writing, Praxis, Broca's or Wernicke's Aphasia
Lateral geniculate - Correct answer-Primary relay center for visual information,
receiving input from the retina and transmitting it to the primary visual cortex for
processing into conscious perception
Superior colliculus - Correct answer-Processes optical stimuli, orients attention,
and coordinates eye and head movements
©COPYRIGHT 2026, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
, The Luria Sequence - Correct answer-Ask a patient to make a fist in the right hand,
then go straight, then flatten on table. They should be able to go fast, otherwise
there might be PFC damage
Test for Neglect - Correct answer-When left and right side are presented
spontaneously, patient will only pay attention to the dominant side (ie non-lesioned
area)
Wisconsin card sorting test - Correct answer-To assess cognitive flexibility,
abstract reasoning, and executive function. Normally takes 10 trials to get the rule,
PFC damage leads to difficulties with this task
Stroop Test - Correct answer-Name the word color and not the word. Tests
inhibition and cognitive control in the incongruent condition
Mini-mental state examination - Correct answer-10-minute screening test used to
assess cognitive function, identify cognitive impairment, and monitor changes in
cognition over time. It evaluates key areas such as orientation, attention, memory,
language, and visuospatial skills, helping to diagnose and track conditions like
dementia
Montreal cognitive assessment - Correct answer-Used to rapidly screen for mild
cognitive dysfunction and early signs of dementia. It evaluates multiple cognitive
domains, including memory, attention, language, visual-spatial skills, executive
©COPYRIGHT 2026, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
