NUR 206/NUR206 Exam 2 V3 | Community
Nursing Concepts Q&A with Rationale |
Fortis College
1. A community health nurse is planning a primary prevention program for a group of older
adults. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include?
A. Leading a support group for individuals with chronic heart failure.
B. Providing skin cancer screenings for retired residents.
C. Administering influenza vaccines at a local community center.
D. Teaching a patient how to use an insulin pump after a diabetes diagnosis.
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: Primary prevention focuses on preventing the initial occurrence of
disease or injury through health promotion and specific protection measures.
Administering vaccines is a hallmark of primary prevention as it builds immunity before
exposure to a pathogen. In contrast, screenings represent secondary prevention, while
rehabilitation or support groups for existing conditions represent tertiary prevention.
2. The nurse is assessing a community’s health by conducting a windshield survey. Which of
the following observations is characteristic of this data collection method?
A. Analyzing mortality and morbidity data from the health department.
B. Interviewing local government officials about community needs.
,C. Distributing questionnaires to residents at a town hall meeting.
D. Observing the quality of housing and availability of grocery stores while driving.
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: A windshield survey is an informal tool where the nurse drives or
walks through a community to observe its physical environment and residents. This
method provides direct sensory data regarding housing conditions, public spaces, and
general community characteristics. Other methods like interviewing officials or analyzing
statistics are considered informant interviews and secondary data analysis, respectively.
3. A nurse is using the epidemiological triangle to investigate an outbreak of food poisoning.
Which of the following factors should the nurse identify as a ‘host’ factor?
A. The age and nutritional status of the individuals who became ill.
B. The specific strain of Salmonella found in the contaminated eggs.
C. The temperature at which the food was stored before serving.
D. The presence of standing water near the kitchen area.
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: The epidemiological triangle consists of the agent, the host, and the
environment. Host factors are the characteristics of the human or animal that influence
susceptibility to a disease, such as age, genetics, or immunity. Environmental factors
include external conditions like temperature or water, while the agent is the actual
pathogen causing the illness.
,4. When caring for a migrant farmworker, which of the following environmental health risks
should the nurse prioritize during the assessment?
A. Radon gas exposure in the worker’s permanent residence.
B. Asbestos inhalation in older urban apartment buildings.
C. Pesticide exposure and lack of clean drinking water.
D. Lead-based paint chips in the worker’s childhood home.
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: Migrant farmworkers are at high risk for occupational hazards such
as pesticide exposure due to the nature of their work in agriculture. They also frequently
face barriers to accessing basic necessities like clean water and adequate sanitation in
temporary housing. Prioritizing these risks allows the nurse to address the most immediate
threats to this specific population’s health.
5. A community health nurse is evaluating the incidence rate of tuberculosis (TB) in a specific
county. Which of the following definitions describes the incidence rate?
A. The total number of people currently living with TB in the county.
B. The number of deaths caused by TB within the last calendar year.
C. The percentage of the population that has ever tested positive for TB.
D. The number of new cases of TB diagnosed within a specific timeframe.
Correct Answer: D
, Expert Explanation: Incidence rate refers specifically to the number of new cases of a
disease that occur in a population over a defined period. This measurement is crucial for
identifying emerging health trends and evaluating the effectiveness of prevention
programs. Prevalence, on the other hand, accounts for both new and existing cases in the
population at a given time.
6. In the event of a mass casualty disaster, which patient should the triage nurse assign a ‘red’
tag?
A. A victim with a sucking chest wound and severe respiratory distress.
B. A victim with a minor arm laceration who is walking and alert.
C. A victim who is pulseless and non-breathing despite airway positioning.
D. A victim with a closed tibia fracture who is stable and following commands.
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: The red tag is assigned to patients with life-threatening injuries who
have a high chance of survival if they receive immediate medical intervention. A sucking
chest wound is a critical emergency that requires rapid stabilization to prevent death.
Yellow tags are for delayed care, green tags for ‘walking wounded,’ and black tags for those
who are deceased or have non-survivable injuries.
7. A nurse is teaching a community group about the ‘I PREPARE’ mnemonic for environmental
health assessments. What does the ‘E’ in ‘I PREPARE’ represent?
A. Evaluate current symptoms and health history.
Nursing Concepts Q&A with Rationale |
Fortis College
1. A community health nurse is planning a primary prevention program for a group of older
adults. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include?
A. Leading a support group for individuals with chronic heart failure.
B. Providing skin cancer screenings for retired residents.
C. Administering influenza vaccines at a local community center.
D. Teaching a patient how to use an insulin pump after a diabetes diagnosis.
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: Primary prevention focuses on preventing the initial occurrence of
disease or injury through health promotion and specific protection measures.
Administering vaccines is a hallmark of primary prevention as it builds immunity before
exposure to a pathogen. In contrast, screenings represent secondary prevention, while
rehabilitation or support groups for existing conditions represent tertiary prevention.
2. The nurse is assessing a community’s health by conducting a windshield survey. Which of
the following observations is characteristic of this data collection method?
A. Analyzing mortality and morbidity data from the health department.
B. Interviewing local government officials about community needs.
,C. Distributing questionnaires to residents at a town hall meeting.
D. Observing the quality of housing and availability of grocery stores while driving.
Correct Answer: D
Expert Explanation: A windshield survey is an informal tool where the nurse drives or
walks through a community to observe its physical environment and residents. This
method provides direct sensory data regarding housing conditions, public spaces, and
general community characteristics. Other methods like interviewing officials or analyzing
statistics are considered informant interviews and secondary data analysis, respectively.
3. A nurse is using the epidemiological triangle to investigate an outbreak of food poisoning.
Which of the following factors should the nurse identify as a ‘host’ factor?
A. The age and nutritional status of the individuals who became ill.
B. The specific strain of Salmonella found in the contaminated eggs.
C. The temperature at which the food was stored before serving.
D. The presence of standing water near the kitchen area.
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: The epidemiological triangle consists of the agent, the host, and the
environment. Host factors are the characteristics of the human or animal that influence
susceptibility to a disease, such as age, genetics, or immunity. Environmental factors
include external conditions like temperature or water, while the agent is the actual
pathogen causing the illness.
,4. When caring for a migrant farmworker, which of the following environmental health risks
should the nurse prioritize during the assessment?
A. Radon gas exposure in the worker’s permanent residence.
B. Asbestos inhalation in older urban apartment buildings.
C. Pesticide exposure and lack of clean drinking water.
D. Lead-based paint chips in the worker’s childhood home.
Correct Answer: C
Expert Explanation: Migrant farmworkers are at high risk for occupational hazards such
as pesticide exposure due to the nature of their work in agriculture. They also frequently
face barriers to accessing basic necessities like clean water and adequate sanitation in
temporary housing. Prioritizing these risks allows the nurse to address the most immediate
threats to this specific population’s health.
5. A community health nurse is evaluating the incidence rate of tuberculosis (TB) in a specific
county. Which of the following definitions describes the incidence rate?
A. The total number of people currently living with TB in the county.
B. The number of deaths caused by TB within the last calendar year.
C. The percentage of the population that has ever tested positive for TB.
D. The number of new cases of TB diagnosed within a specific timeframe.
Correct Answer: D
, Expert Explanation: Incidence rate refers specifically to the number of new cases of a
disease that occur in a population over a defined period. This measurement is crucial for
identifying emerging health trends and evaluating the effectiveness of prevention
programs. Prevalence, on the other hand, accounts for both new and existing cases in the
population at a given time.
6. In the event of a mass casualty disaster, which patient should the triage nurse assign a ‘red’
tag?
A. A victim with a sucking chest wound and severe respiratory distress.
B. A victim with a minor arm laceration who is walking and alert.
C. A victim who is pulseless and non-breathing despite airway positioning.
D. A victim with a closed tibia fracture who is stable and following commands.
Correct Answer: A
Expert Explanation: The red tag is assigned to patients with life-threatening injuries who
have a high chance of survival if they receive immediate medical intervention. A sucking
chest wound is a critical emergency that requires rapid stabilization to prevent death.
Yellow tags are for delayed care, green tags for ‘walking wounded,’ and black tags for those
who are deceased or have non-survivable injuries.
7. A nurse is teaching a community group about the ‘I PREPARE’ mnemonic for environmental
health assessments. What does the ‘E’ in ‘I PREPARE’ represent?
A. Evaluate current symptoms and health history.
