GMS 6552 UPDATED EXAM 2026 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔What are the cellular functions of Myc? - ✔✔Expression of Pro-proliferative genes
Expression of Pro-apoptotic genes
✔✔What are the subunits of Myc? - ✔✔c-Myc
Max
E-Box
✔✔What are the 2 products of K-Ras? - ✔✔Ras/MapK pathway
PI3K
✔✔What blocksc-Myc from causing apoptosis? - ✔✔PI3K
✔✔In the updated version of Cdk2 control, how is it activated and what changes are
caused? - ✔✔Activated by phosphorylation
P21 DEC
p16 DEC
BMI-1 INC
hTERT INC
✔✔Treatment of breast cancer patients whose tumors harbor the _______ oncogene is
an effective way of treating these cancers - ✔✔HER2
✔✔MODULE 6 - ✔✔
✔✔What was the stuff that was found to activate neurotransmission through the vagus
nerve? - ✔✔Acetylcholine
✔✔Na/K ATPases work by umping - ✔✔3 Na out for 2 K in
✔✔Which of the ions is known for having a high concentration inside the cell naturally? -
✔✔K
✔✔Which ion moves based on charge? - ✔✔Cl
✔✔What is the reason for resting potential? - ✔✔At rest, cell membranes are selectively
permeable to potassium ions and relatively impermeable to Na ions
✔✔Concentration gradient formula - ✔✔RT*ln (ionOUT/ionIN)
, ✔✔What are the normal values for Na, K, and Cl at equilibrium? - ✔✔63mV
-92mV
-90mV
✔✔Na is always going to flow _________ the cell - ✔✔into
✔✔The cell membrane functions as a - ✔✔capacitor
✔✔What is the formul.a for Vt? - ✔✔Vt = Vinf (1-e^-t/r)
✔✔What is the formula for length? - ✔✔length constant = (Square root )Rm/R1
✔✔What is Ohms law? - ✔✔I = E/R
✔✔Conductance is proportional to the - ✔✔number of open channels
✔✔What is the formula for Driving Force? - ✔✔I = (Em-Econ) x NPo (Y)
✔✔What is the formula for conductance? - ✔✔I = E x G
✔✔What are the types of patch clamp recordings? - ✔✔Whole cell
Inside out
Outside out
✔✔Patch clamp recording where the cytoplasm is continuous with pipette interior -
✔✔Whole cell recording
✔✔Patch clamp recording where the cytoplasm domain is accessible. - ✔✔Inside out
✔✔Patch clamp recording where extracellular domain is accessible. - ✔✔Outside out
✔✔What are the 2 variables that rates are dependent upon? - ✔✔voltage or ligand
concentration
✔✔What is the Markov Model? - ✔✔a stochastic method for randomly changing
systems that possess the Markov property. This means that, at any given time, the next
state is only dependent on the current state and is independent of anything in the past.
✔✔When Em=Erev the current goes to - ✔✔zero, regardless of Popen
✔✔In a voltage clam recording Em-Erev - ✔✔is held constant so the current remains
proportionate to Popen
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔What are the cellular functions of Myc? - ✔✔Expression of Pro-proliferative genes
Expression of Pro-apoptotic genes
✔✔What are the subunits of Myc? - ✔✔c-Myc
Max
E-Box
✔✔What are the 2 products of K-Ras? - ✔✔Ras/MapK pathway
PI3K
✔✔What blocksc-Myc from causing apoptosis? - ✔✔PI3K
✔✔In the updated version of Cdk2 control, how is it activated and what changes are
caused? - ✔✔Activated by phosphorylation
P21 DEC
p16 DEC
BMI-1 INC
hTERT INC
✔✔Treatment of breast cancer patients whose tumors harbor the _______ oncogene is
an effective way of treating these cancers - ✔✔HER2
✔✔MODULE 6 - ✔✔
✔✔What was the stuff that was found to activate neurotransmission through the vagus
nerve? - ✔✔Acetylcholine
✔✔Na/K ATPases work by umping - ✔✔3 Na out for 2 K in
✔✔Which of the ions is known for having a high concentration inside the cell naturally? -
✔✔K
✔✔Which ion moves based on charge? - ✔✔Cl
✔✔What is the reason for resting potential? - ✔✔At rest, cell membranes are selectively
permeable to potassium ions and relatively impermeable to Na ions
✔✔Concentration gradient formula - ✔✔RT*ln (ionOUT/ionIN)
, ✔✔What are the normal values for Na, K, and Cl at equilibrium? - ✔✔63mV
-92mV
-90mV
✔✔Na is always going to flow _________ the cell - ✔✔into
✔✔The cell membrane functions as a - ✔✔capacitor
✔✔What is the formul.a for Vt? - ✔✔Vt = Vinf (1-e^-t/r)
✔✔What is the formula for length? - ✔✔length constant = (Square root )Rm/R1
✔✔What is Ohms law? - ✔✔I = E/R
✔✔Conductance is proportional to the - ✔✔number of open channels
✔✔What is the formula for Driving Force? - ✔✔I = (Em-Econ) x NPo (Y)
✔✔What is the formula for conductance? - ✔✔I = E x G
✔✔What are the types of patch clamp recordings? - ✔✔Whole cell
Inside out
Outside out
✔✔Patch clamp recording where the cytoplasm is continuous with pipette interior -
✔✔Whole cell recording
✔✔Patch clamp recording where the cytoplasm domain is accessible. - ✔✔Inside out
✔✔Patch clamp recording where extracellular domain is accessible. - ✔✔Outside out
✔✔What are the 2 variables that rates are dependent upon? - ✔✔voltage or ligand
concentration
✔✔What is the Markov Model? - ✔✔a stochastic method for randomly changing
systems that possess the Markov property. This means that, at any given time, the next
state is only dependent on the current state and is independent of anything in the past.
✔✔When Em=Erev the current goes to - ✔✔zero, regardless of Popen
✔✔In a voltage clam recording Em-Erev - ✔✔is held constant so the current remains
proportionate to Popen
