NSCA Essentials of Strength and Conditioning Chapter 2:
Biomechanics of Resistance Exercise || Needed to Pass.
What is biomechanics with respect to resistance exercise? correct answers Focuses on the
mechanisms through which the musculoskeletal components interact to create movement.
Having insight into how body movements are carried out and the stressed that the movements
place on the musculoskeletal system facilitates the design of safe and effective resistance training
programs
Define muscle origin correct answers The muscle's proximal attachment (toward the center of the
body)
Define muscle insertion correct answers The muscle's distal attachment (away from the center of
the body)
Define Agonist, with respect to muscle correct answers It is the muscle most directly involved in
bringing about a movement
Define Antagonist, which respect to muscle correct answers It is the muscle that can slow down
or stop movement. Assists in joint stabilization and in braking the limb toward the end of a fast
movement, thereby protecting ligamentous and cartilaginous structures.
What is a mechanical advantage, with respect to muscle force production? correct answers Ratio
of the moment arm through which an applied force acts to that through which a resistive force
acts. The advantage allows for muscle force to be less than the resistive force to produce an equal
amount of torque.
Define the moment arm, which respect to skeletal muscle? correct answers It is the perpendicular
distance from the line of action of the force to the fulcrum.
The line of action of a force is an infinitely long line passing through the point of application of
the force, oriented in the direction in which the force is exerted.
Define first class lever correct answers It is a lever in which the muscle force and resistive force
act on opposite sides of the fulcrum.
Provide an example of a first class lever system, with respect to the human body. correct answers
Elbow extension (against resistance)
Define second class lever correct answers A lever for which the muscle force and resistive force
act on the same side of the fulcrum (pivot point of the lever). The muscle force acting through
the moment arm is longer than that through which the resistive force acts (This is a mechanical
advantage).
Provide an example of a second class lever system, with respect to the human body. correct
answers Calf muscle works to raise the body on the forefoot(ball of foot)
, Define third class lever correct answers A lever for which the muscle force and resistive force act
on the same side of the fulcrum (pivot point of the lever). The muscle force acting on moment
arm is shorter than that through which the resistive force acts. (This is a mechanical
disadvantage).
Most human skeletal muscle biomechanics act through a mechanical advantage (T/F)? correct
answers False
Provide an example of a third class lever system, with respect to the human body. correct
answers Elbow flexion against resistance
Which of the following is the definition of power? (Study Question)
a) (mass) x (acceleration)
b) (force) x (distance)
c) (force) x (velocity)
d) (torque) x (time) correct answers b) (force) x (distance)
To compare performances of Olympic weightlifters of different body weights, the classic
formula divides the load lifted by the athlete's? (Study Question)
a) body weight
b) body weight squared
c) lean body weight
d) body weight to the two-thirds power correct answers d) body weight to the two-thirds power
During a free weight exercise, muscle force varies with which of the following? (Study
Question)
I. perpendicular distance from the weight to the body joint
II. joint angle
III. movement acceleration
IV. movement velocity squared
a) I and III only
b) I and IV only
c) I,II, and III only
d) II, III, and IV only correct answers a) I and III only
A vertical jump involves knee, hip, and shoulder movement primarily in which of the following
anatomical planes? (Study Question)
a) sagittal
b) perpendicular
c) frontal
d) transverse correct answers a) sagittal
An athlete is performing concentric isokinetic elbow flexion and extension exercise. Which of
the following types of levers occurs at the elbow during this exercise? (Study Question)
Biomechanics of Resistance Exercise || Needed to Pass.
What is biomechanics with respect to resistance exercise? correct answers Focuses on the
mechanisms through which the musculoskeletal components interact to create movement.
Having insight into how body movements are carried out and the stressed that the movements
place on the musculoskeletal system facilitates the design of safe and effective resistance training
programs
Define muscle origin correct answers The muscle's proximal attachment (toward the center of the
body)
Define muscle insertion correct answers The muscle's distal attachment (away from the center of
the body)
Define Agonist, with respect to muscle correct answers It is the muscle most directly involved in
bringing about a movement
Define Antagonist, which respect to muscle correct answers It is the muscle that can slow down
or stop movement. Assists in joint stabilization and in braking the limb toward the end of a fast
movement, thereby protecting ligamentous and cartilaginous structures.
What is a mechanical advantage, with respect to muscle force production? correct answers Ratio
of the moment arm through which an applied force acts to that through which a resistive force
acts. The advantage allows for muscle force to be less than the resistive force to produce an equal
amount of torque.
Define the moment arm, which respect to skeletal muscle? correct answers It is the perpendicular
distance from the line of action of the force to the fulcrum.
The line of action of a force is an infinitely long line passing through the point of application of
the force, oriented in the direction in which the force is exerted.
Define first class lever correct answers It is a lever in which the muscle force and resistive force
act on opposite sides of the fulcrum.
Provide an example of a first class lever system, with respect to the human body. correct answers
Elbow extension (against resistance)
Define second class lever correct answers A lever for which the muscle force and resistive force
act on the same side of the fulcrum (pivot point of the lever). The muscle force acting through
the moment arm is longer than that through which the resistive force acts (This is a mechanical
advantage).
Provide an example of a second class lever system, with respect to the human body. correct
answers Calf muscle works to raise the body on the forefoot(ball of foot)
, Define third class lever correct answers A lever for which the muscle force and resistive force act
on the same side of the fulcrum (pivot point of the lever). The muscle force acting on moment
arm is shorter than that through which the resistive force acts. (This is a mechanical
disadvantage).
Most human skeletal muscle biomechanics act through a mechanical advantage (T/F)? correct
answers False
Provide an example of a third class lever system, with respect to the human body. correct
answers Elbow flexion against resistance
Which of the following is the definition of power? (Study Question)
a) (mass) x (acceleration)
b) (force) x (distance)
c) (force) x (velocity)
d) (torque) x (time) correct answers b) (force) x (distance)
To compare performances of Olympic weightlifters of different body weights, the classic
formula divides the load lifted by the athlete's? (Study Question)
a) body weight
b) body weight squared
c) lean body weight
d) body weight to the two-thirds power correct answers d) body weight to the two-thirds power
During a free weight exercise, muscle force varies with which of the following? (Study
Question)
I. perpendicular distance from the weight to the body joint
II. joint angle
III. movement acceleration
IV. movement velocity squared
a) I and III only
b) I and IV only
c) I,II, and III only
d) II, III, and IV only correct answers a) I and III only
A vertical jump involves knee, hip, and shoulder movement primarily in which of the following
anatomical planes? (Study Question)
a) sagittal
b) perpendicular
c) frontal
d) transverse correct answers a) sagittal
An athlete is performing concentric isokinetic elbow flexion and extension exercise. Which of
the following types of levers occurs at the elbow during this exercise? (Study Question)
