CHAPTER 11 MASTERING BIOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
How could the botanist best determine whether the genotype of the green-pod plant is homozygous or
heterozygous? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Cross the green-pod plant with a yellow-pod plant.
Suppose that the botanist carried out the test cross described in Parts A and B and determined that the
original green-pod plant was heterozygous (Gg). Which of Mendel's findings does her test cross
illustrate? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅law of segregation
During which part of meiosis (meiosis I or meiosis II) do the two alleles of a gene separate? During which
phase does the separation occur? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅meiosis I, Anaphase
Mendel studied pea plants dihybrid for seed shape (round versus wrinkled) and seed color (yellow
versus green). Recall that
the round allele (R) is dominant to the wrinkled allele (r) and
the yellow allele (Y) is dominant to the green allele (y).
The table below shows the F1 progeny that result from selfing four different parent pea plants.
Use the phenotypes of the F1 progeny to deduce the genotype and phenotype of each parent plant. -
CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Plant 1: green round, Rryy, green round, green wrinkled
Plant 2: yellow round, RrYy, yellow round, yellow wrinkled, green round, gren wrinkled
Plant 3: yellow round, RRYy, yellow round, green round
Plant 4: green wrinkled, rryy, green wrinkled
A plant grown from a [round, yellow] seed is crossed with a plant grown from a [wrinkled, yellow] seed.
This cross produces four progeny types in the F1: [round, yellow], [wrinkled, yellow], [round, green], and
[wrinkled, green].
Use this information to deduce the genotypes of the parent plants. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅yellow
round = RrYy
yellow wrinkled= rrYy
For the cross in Part B, predict the frequencies of each of the phenotypes in the F1 progeny, and
determine the genotype(s) present in each phenotypic class. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅yellow round: 3/8,
RrYY, RrYy (x2)
, yellow wrinkled: 3/8, rrYY, rrYy(x2)
green round: 1/8, Rryy
green wrinkled: 1/8, rryy
From these results, determine the relationship between the mutant allele and its corresponding wild-
type allele in each line. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Twist: The mutant allele is dominant to its
corresponding wild type allele
Forked: The mutant allele is dominant to its corresponding wild type allele
Pale: The mutant allele is neither dominant nor completely recessive to its corresponding wild type
allele
Consider the alleles for leaf color first. Drag the white labels to the white targets to identify the
genotype of each F2 class. Remember that p (the pale mutant allele) and P (the wild-type allele) are
incompletely dominant to each other.
Consider the alleles for leaf shape next. Drag the blue labels to the blue targets to identify the genotype
of each F2 class. Remember that F (the forked mutant allele) is dominant to f + (the wild-type allele). -
CORRECT ANSWER✅✅a) PP
b) F_
c) Pp
d) F_
e) pp
f) F_
g)PP
h)f+f+
i)Pp
j)f+f+
k)pp
l)f+f+
You continue your analysis by crossing the forked and twist lines. Your results are as follows:
Cross between twist and forked
How could the botanist best determine whether the genotype of the green-pod plant is homozygous or
heterozygous? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Cross the green-pod plant with a yellow-pod plant.
Suppose that the botanist carried out the test cross described in Parts A and B and determined that the
original green-pod plant was heterozygous (Gg). Which of Mendel's findings does her test cross
illustrate? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅law of segregation
During which part of meiosis (meiosis I or meiosis II) do the two alleles of a gene separate? During which
phase does the separation occur? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅meiosis I, Anaphase
Mendel studied pea plants dihybrid for seed shape (round versus wrinkled) and seed color (yellow
versus green). Recall that
the round allele (R) is dominant to the wrinkled allele (r) and
the yellow allele (Y) is dominant to the green allele (y).
The table below shows the F1 progeny that result from selfing four different parent pea plants.
Use the phenotypes of the F1 progeny to deduce the genotype and phenotype of each parent plant. -
CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Plant 1: green round, Rryy, green round, green wrinkled
Plant 2: yellow round, RrYy, yellow round, yellow wrinkled, green round, gren wrinkled
Plant 3: yellow round, RRYy, yellow round, green round
Plant 4: green wrinkled, rryy, green wrinkled
A plant grown from a [round, yellow] seed is crossed with a plant grown from a [wrinkled, yellow] seed.
This cross produces four progeny types in the F1: [round, yellow], [wrinkled, yellow], [round, green], and
[wrinkled, green].
Use this information to deduce the genotypes of the parent plants. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅yellow
round = RrYy
yellow wrinkled= rrYy
For the cross in Part B, predict the frequencies of each of the phenotypes in the F1 progeny, and
determine the genotype(s) present in each phenotypic class. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅yellow round: 3/8,
RrYY, RrYy (x2)
, yellow wrinkled: 3/8, rrYY, rrYy(x2)
green round: 1/8, Rryy
green wrinkled: 1/8, rryy
From these results, determine the relationship between the mutant allele and its corresponding wild-
type allele in each line. - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Twist: The mutant allele is dominant to its
corresponding wild type allele
Forked: The mutant allele is dominant to its corresponding wild type allele
Pale: The mutant allele is neither dominant nor completely recessive to its corresponding wild type
allele
Consider the alleles for leaf color first. Drag the white labels to the white targets to identify the
genotype of each F2 class. Remember that p (the pale mutant allele) and P (the wild-type allele) are
incompletely dominant to each other.
Consider the alleles for leaf shape next. Drag the blue labels to the blue targets to identify the genotype
of each F2 class. Remember that F (the forked mutant allele) is dominant to f + (the wild-type allele). -
CORRECT ANSWER✅✅a) PP
b) F_
c) Pp
d) F_
e) pp
f) F_
g)PP
h)f+f+
i)Pp
j)f+f+
k)pp
l)f+f+
You continue your analysis by crossing the forked and twist lines. Your results are as follows:
Cross between twist and forked
