BIOL 304 EXAM 2 | QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS | 2026 UPDATE | WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
what is the allosteric effect - ANSWER>hemoglobin reacts to effectors with conformational changes that increase or
reduce its activity
what substances act on hemoglobin as allosteric substance - ANSWER>2, 3 biphosphoglycerate
proton H+
pCO2
what is 2, 3 biphosphoglycerate - ANSWER>highly anionic compound present in red blood cells at the same
concentration of hemoglobin
what would happen without 2, 3 biphosphoglycerate - ANSWER>hemoglobin would be an extremely inefficient
oxygen transporter releasing only 8% of its cargo in the tissues
, which state does must hemoglobin exist in for 2, 3 biphosphoglycerate to interact with it - ANSWER>only in the T
form
how does 2, 3 biphosphoglycerate concentration vary under hypoxic conditions - ANSWER>increases, favoring the
release of oxygen to the tissues even when pO2 is low
what is the bohr effect - ANSWER>increased carbon dioxide levels lowers the pH of the blood
relationship between pH and release of oxygen - ANSWER>lower pH causes Hb to release MORE oxygen; higher pH
causes Hb to hold onto more oxygen
The pH in lungs is _______________ and the pH in tissues is _____________. - ANSWER>7.2 and 7.4
what will shift the hemoglobin saturation curve left - ANSWER>decreased temperature, pressure of CO2, decreased
2, 3 biphosphoglycerate and INCREASED pH
what is the hemoglobin cooeprative binding/concerted model - ANSWER>all molecules exist either in T or R state.
at each level of oxygen loading, an equilibrium exists between T and R states. equilibrium shifts from strongly
ANSWERS | 2026 UPDATE | WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
what is the allosteric effect - ANSWER>hemoglobin reacts to effectors with conformational changes that increase or
reduce its activity
what substances act on hemoglobin as allosteric substance - ANSWER>2, 3 biphosphoglycerate
proton H+
pCO2
what is 2, 3 biphosphoglycerate - ANSWER>highly anionic compound present in red blood cells at the same
concentration of hemoglobin
what would happen without 2, 3 biphosphoglycerate - ANSWER>hemoglobin would be an extremely inefficient
oxygen transporter releasing only 8% of its cargo in the tissues
, which state does must hemoglobin exist in for 2, 3 biphosphoglycerate to interact with it - ANSWER>only in the T
form
how does 2, 3 biphosphoglycerate concentration vary under hypoxic conditions - ANSWER>increases, favoring the
release of oxygen to the tissues even when pO2 is low
what is the bohr effect - ANSWER>increased carbon dioxide levels lowers the pH of the blood
relationship between pH and release of oxygen - ANSWER>lower pH causes Hb to release MORE oxygen; higher pH
causes Hb to hold onto more oxygen
The pH in lungs is _______________ and the pH in tissues is _____________. - ANSWER>7.2 and 7.4
what will shift the hemoglobin saturation curve left - ANSWER>decreased temperature, pressure of CO2, decreased
2, 3 biphosphoglycerate and INCREASED pH
what is the hemoglobin cooeprative binding/concerted model - ANSWER>all molecules exist either in T or R state.
at each level of oxygen loading, an equilibrium exists between T and R states. equilibrium shifts from strongly
