ENDOCRINE DISORDER NURSING STUDY PACK
Comprehensive notes for nursing student
Diabetes Mellitus
prepared by VICTORIA
INTRODUCTION TO ENDOCRINE GLAND
Endocrine glands are ductless glands that produce hormones directly into the bloodstream.
There are 10 endocrine glands
1. Hypothalamus
2. Pituitary
3. Pineal
4. Thymus
5. Parathyroid
6. Thyroid
7. Ovaries
8. Testes
9. Adrenal
10. Pancreas
FUNCTIONS OF ENDOCRINE GLANDS
1. Regulation of metabolism
2. Growth and development
3. Reproductuon
4. Fluid and electrolyte balance
5. Stress adapatation
DIABETES MELLITUS
Diabetes diabetes is a metabolic disorder of the pancreas characterized by elevated blood
glucose level it could be as a result of the pancreas being unable to produce insulin or the body
cells are not sensitive to the insulin produced by the pancreas
Types of the Diabetes
1. Type 1 diabetes: This occurs when the islet of langehans is not producing insulin and this
could be as a result of autoimmune disorder or Inherited Diseases.
2. Type 2 diabetes: Type two diabetes occurs when the tissues of the body are not sensitive or
are resisting the insulin produced
Causes of diabetes Mellitus
1. Pancreatic disorder
2. Autoimmune disease
3. Obesity
4. Sedentary lifestyle
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF DIABETES MELLITUS
Predisposing factors (genetics, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, autoimmune destruction of β-cells).
↓
Insulin deficiency or insulin resistance
↓
Decreased glucose uptake by body cells
Comprehensive notes for nursing student
Diabetes Mellitus
prepared by VICTORIA
INTRODUCTION TO ENDOCRINE GLAND
Endocrine glands are ductless glands that produce hormones directly into the bloodstream.
There are 10 endocrine glands
1. Hypothalamus
2. Pituitary
3. Pineal
4. Thymus
5. Parathyroid
6. Thyroid
7. Ovaries
8. Testes
9. Adrenal
10. Pancreas
FUNCTIONS OF ENDOCRINE GLANDS
1. Regulation of metabolism
2. Growth and development
3. Reproductuon
4. Fluid and electrolyte balance
5. Stress adapatation
DIABETES MELLITUS
Diabetes diabetes is a metabolic disorder of the pancreas characterized by elevated blood
glucose level it could be as a result of the pancreas being unable to produce insulin or the body
cells are not sensitive to the insulin produced by the pancreas
Types of the Diabetes
1. Type 1 diabetes: This occurs when the islet of langehans is not producing insulin and this
could be as a result of autoimmune disorder or Inherited Diseases.
2. Type 2 diabetes: Type two diabetes occurs when the tissues of the body are not sensitive or
are resisting the insulin produced
Causes of diabetes Mellitus
1. Pancreatic disorder
2. Autoimmune disease
3. Obesity
4. Sedentary lifestyle
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF DIABETES MELLITUS
Predisposing factors (genetics, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, autoimmune destruction of β-cells).
↓
Insulin deficiency or insulin resistance
↓
Decreased glucose uptake by body cells
