POOL OPERATOR UPDATED EXAMS TEST PAPER
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔CAC combined available chlorine - ✔✔is readily combined free available chlorine
with ammonia and nitrogen compounds. This formation is called chloramine.
Chloramines are chlorine/ ammonia compounds. They are more stable than free
chlorine but are not effective as a disinfectant.
They cause irritation and an irritating odor.
regulation for CAC is .2 (must be lower) and any higher will mean you have a stinky
pool and it must be tested when FAC is tested
✔✔TAC - total available chlorine - ✔✔TAC - FAC = CAC or FAC + CAC = TAC
DPD 123 for TAC
✔✔sodium thiosulfate - ✔✔lowers chlorine levels. Reduces sanitizer levels.
✔✔bromine - ✔✔last longer in hot water than chlorine
after combining with ammonia it continues to disinfect
cant be stabilized
✔✔regulation for total available bromine - ✔✔3 - 8 and checked every 2 hours . The
TAB for spas is 4-8 and it must be tested every hour
✔✔sequestering agent - ✔✔always check the fill water for calcium, iron, copper,
manganese, etc. Use a chelating or sequestering agent to increase the waters ability to
hold metals in a solution instead of allowing them to precipitate out and stain the pools
surfaces. Sequestering agents will not remove the stain, it will only prevent further
staining.
green = copper - corrosive
brown = iron
black = cobalt
pink = manganese
✔✔green algae - ✔✔usually free floating and can be brushed away if stuck to the walls.
but will not solve the problem. keep disinfectant level in proper range to prevent it and
regularly brush the walls.
✔✔mustard algae - ✔✔shaded side of the pool. Clings to the wall and is hard to kill.
, ✔✔blue green algae - ✔✔round slick spots that are extremely difficult to kill. this outer
covering must be removed prior to treating the algae. use steel bristles to brush.
✔✔bleaching out - ✔✔when the chorine/bromine reading is extremely high. Above 10
ppm
✔✔influent side of the circulation system - ✔✔main drains, skimmers, vaccum lines are
all components
✔✔main drain - ✔✔usually more than one. it polls water from the bottom of the pool. Its
a suction vaccum line. they need to be equipped with a hydrostatic relief valve. it
releases underground water pressure.
dual main drains in every pool and with an anti vortex drain cover
✔✔regulation on main drain covers/ prevention of suction entrapment injuries is: -
✔✔empty skimmer baskets daily
check drain covers daily
water is above bottom of skimmer
on/off switch is clearly marked
✔✔skimmer/gutter - ✔✔located around perimeter of the pool
responsible for 60 - 80 percent of the water that flows into the pump system.
✔✔weirs - ✔✔doors or flaps on the skimmer openings that prevent major debris from
clogging the skimmers thus allowing the skimmers to effectively pull the surface water
into the skimmer lines.
✔✔turtle - ✔✔protective piece in the bottom of the skimmer hole that prevent large
debris from clogging the skimmer lines
✔✔skimmer basket - ✔✔catches the small debris that flows past the weir
✔✔Pump Cavitation - ✔✔happens when there is not a smooth flow of water through the
pump
✔✔priming the pump - ✔✔give enough water before starting the pump. Have water
running through at all times
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔CAC combined available chlorine - ✔✔is readily combined free available chlorine
with ammonia and nitrogen compounds. This formation is called chloramine.
Chloramines are chlorine/ ammonia compounds. They are more stable than free
chlorine but are not effective as a disinfectant.
They cause irritation and an irritating odor.
regulation for CAC is .2 (must be lower) and any higher will mean you have a stinky
pool and it must be tested when FAC is tested
✔✔TAC - total available chlorine - ✔✔TAC - FAC = CAC or FAC + CAC = TAC
DPD 123 for TAC
✔✔sodium thiosulfate - ✔✔lowers chlorine levels. Reduces sanitizer levels.
✔✔bromine - ✔✔last longer in hot water than chlorine
after combining with ammonia it continues to disinfect
cant be stabilized
✔✔regulation for total available bromine - ✔✔3 - 8 and checked every 2 hours . The
TAB for spas is 4-8 and it must be tested every hour
✔✔sequestering agent - ✔✔always check the fill water for calcium, iron, copper,
manganese, etc. Use a chelating or sequestering agent to increase the waters ability to
hold metals in a solution instead of allowing them to precipitate out and stain the pools
surfaces. Sequestering agents will not remove the stain, it will only prevent further
staining.
green = copper - corrosive
brown = iron
black = cobalt
pink = manganese
✔✔green algae - ✔✔usually free floating and can be brushed away if stuck to the walls.
but will not solve the problem. keep disinfectant level in proper range to prevent it and
regularly brush the walls.
✔✔mustard algae - ✔✔shaded side of the pool. Clings to the wall and is hard to kill.
, ✔✔blue green algae - ✔✔round slick spots that are extremely difficult to kill. this outer
covering must be removed prior to treating the algae. use steel bristles to brush.
✔✔bleaching out - ✔✔when the chorine/bromine reading is extremely high. Above 10
ppm
✔✔influent side of the circulation system - ✔✔main drains, skimmers, vaccum lines are
all components
✔✔main drain - ✔✔usually more than one. it polls water from the bottom of the pool. Its
a suction vaccum line. they need to be equipped with a hydrostatic relief valve. it
releases underground water pressure.
dual main drains in every pool and with an anti vortex drain cover
✔✔regulation on main drain covers/ prevention of suction entrapment injuries is: -
✔✔empty skimmer baskets daily
check drain covers daily
water is above bottom of skimmer
on/off switch is clearly marked
✔✔skimmer/gutter - ✔✔located around perimeter of the pool
responsible for 60 - 80 percent of the water that flows into the pump system.
✔✔weirs - ✔✔doors or flaps on the skimmer openings that prevent major debris from
clogging the skimmers thus allowing the skimmers to effectively pull the surface water
into the skimmer lines.
✔✔turtle - ✔✔protective piece in the bottom of the skimmer hole that prevent large
debris from clogging the skimmer lines
✔✔skimmer basket - ✔✔catches the small debris that flows past the weir
✔✔Pump Cavitation - ✔✔happens when there is not a smooth flow of water through the
pump
✔✔priming the pump - ✔✔give enough water before starting the pump. Have water
running through at all times
