BIOL 251 FINAL EXAM 2026 ACTUAL QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS.
Where are phospholipids most likely found in a Prokaryotic cell?
A. Flagella
B. Plasma membrane
C. All of these answers are correct
D. Around organelles - (ANSWER)B. Plasma membrane
Which of the following is nota reason fungi can grow where bacteria can not?
A. Fungi are most resistant to osmotic pressure than bacteria
B. Fungi are more heat tolerant than more bacteria
C. Fungi can grow at a pH of 5, too low for most bacteria
D. Fungi require less nitrogen than bacteria - (ANSWER)B. Fungi are more heat tolerant than more
bacteria
Which of the following is not a function of teichoic acid found in Gram positive cell walls?
A. Produces endotoxin, which causes endotoxic toxic
B. Prevention of excessive cell wall breakdown
C. Provides antigenicity to the cell wall
D. Regulation of the movements of cations - (ANSWER)A. Produces endotoxin, which causes endotoxic
toxic
Which scientist discussed in class is responsible for developing an experimental procedure that allows us
to prove a specific microbe causes a specific infectious disease?
,BIOL 251 FINAL EXAM 2026 ACTUAL QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS.
A. John Needham
B. Rosalind Franklin
C. Leo Spallanzani
D. Robert Koch
E. Robert Hooke - (ANSWER)D. Robert Koch
Which of the following is not included in the field of microbiology?
A. Bacteriology
B. Mycology
C. Parasitology
D. Ethology
E. Virology - (ANSWER)D. Ethology
For most pathogenic dimorphic fungi:
A. Growth with CO2 is yeast-like, growth without CO2 is mold-like
B. Growth with CO2 is mold-like, growth without CO2 is yeast-like
C. Growth at 25C is yeast-like, growth at 37C is mold-like
D. Growth at 25C is mold-like, growth at 37C is yeast-like - (ANSWER)D. Growth at 25C is mold-like,
growth at 37C is yeast-like
James Watson, Francis Crick, Maurice Wilkins, and Rosalind Franklin discovered the structure of DNA,
but which one did not receive the Nobel Prize for the work?
,BIOL 251 FINAL EXAM 2026 ACTUAL QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS.
A. Francis Crick
B. Maurice Wilkins
C. James Watson
D. Rosalind Franklin - (ANSWER)D. Rosalind Franklin
Which of the following is not a basic viral morphology?
A. Linear
B. Complex
C. Helical
D. Polyhedral
E. Enveloped - (ANSWER)A. Linear
When budding yeast fail to separate after division, they form short chains of cells called?
A. Streptococci chains
B. Conidophores
C. Pseudohypha
D. Hyphae
E. Budding chains - (ANSWER)C. Pseudohypha
Which of the following is true fir bacterial endospores?
A. Endospores are for reproduction
B. A cell produces one endospore and continues growing
, BIOL 251 FINAL EXAM 2026 ACTUAL QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS.
C. A cell can produce many endospores
D. Endospores allow a bacteria to survive environmental changes - (ANSWER)D. Endospores allow a
bacteria to survive environmental changes
The term used to describe which organism a virus can infect is?
A. Tissue tropism
B. None of these answers are correct
C. Receptor-mediated endocytosis
D. Cytopathic effects
E. Host range - (ANSWER)E. Host range
Which of the following is not a method we use for the cultivation of animal viruses?
A. Using cell culture
B. Using live animals
C. Using embryonated eggs
D. Using bacteria growing on agar plates - (ANSWER)D. Using bacteria growing on agar plates
Which of the following is a problem facing microbiologists in the modern era? Select all correct answers.
A. The emergence of new diseases and the re-emergence of diseases thought to be well controlled
B. Rapid disease spread due to the mobility of people
C. Increased antibiotic resistance caused by the misuse of antibiotics
SOLUTIONS.
Where are phospholipids most likely found in a Prokaryotic cell?
A. Flagella
B. Plasma membrane
C. All of these answers are correct
D. Around organelles - (ANSWER)B. Plasma membrane
Which of the following is nota reason fungi can grow where bacteria can not?
A. Fungi are most resistant to osmotic pressure than bacteria
B. Fungi are more heat tolerant than more bacteria
C. Fungi can grow at a pH of 5, too low for most bacteria
D. Fungi require less nitrogen than bacteria - (ANSWER)B. Fungi are more heat tolerant than more
bacteria
Which of the following is not a function of teichoic acid found in Gram positive cell walls?
A. Produces endotoxin, which causes endotoxic toxic
B. Prevention of excessive cell wall breakdown
C. Provides antigenicity to the cell wall
D. Regulation of the movements of cations - (ANSWER)A. Produces endotoxin, which causes endotoxic
toxic
Which scientist discussed in class is responsible for developing an experimental procedure that allows us
to prove a specific microbe causes a specific infectious disease?
,BIOL 251 FINAL EXAM 2026 ACTUAL QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS.
A. John Needham
B. Rosalind Franklin
C. Leo Spallanzani
D. Robert Koch
E. Robert Hooke - (ANSWER)D. Robert Koch
Which of the following is not included in the field of microbiology?
A. Bacteriology
B. Mycology
C. Parasitology
D. Ethology
E. Virology - (ANSWER)D. Ethology
For most pathogenic dimorphic fungi:
A. Growth with CO2 is yeast-like, growth without CO2 is mold-like
B. Growth with CO2 is mold-like, growth without CO2 is yeast-like
C. Growth at 25C is yeast-like, growth at 37C is mold-like
D. Growth at 25C is mold-like, growth at 37C is yeast-like - (ANSWER)D. Growth at 25C is mold-like,
growth at 37C is yeast-like
James Watson, Francis Crick, Maurice Wilkins, and Rosalind Franklin discovered the structure of DNA,
but which one did not receive the Nobel Prize for the work?
,BIOL 251 FINAL EXAM 2026 ACTUAL QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS.
A. Francis Crick
B. Maurice Wilkins
C. James Watson
D. Rosalind Franklin - (ANSWER)D. Rosalind Franklin
Which of the following is not a basic viral morphology?
A. Linear
B. Complex
C. Helical
D. Polyhedral
E. Enveloped - (ANSWER)A. Linear
When budding yeast fail to separate after division, they form short chains of cells called?
A. Streptococci chains
B. Conidophores
C. Pseudohypha
D. Hyphae
E. Budding chains - (ANSWER)C. Pseudohypha
Which of the following is true fir bacterial endospores?
A. Endospores are for reproduction
B. A cell produces one endospore and continues growing
, BIOL 251 FINAL EXAM 2026 ACTUAL QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS.
C. A cell can produce many endospores
D. Endospores allow a bacteria to survive environmental changes - (ANSWER)D. Endospores allow a
bacteria to survive environmental changes
The term used to describe which organism a virus can infect is?
A. Tissue tropism
B. None of these answers are correct
C. Receptor-mediated endocytosis
D. Cytopathic effects
E. Host range - (ANSWER)E. Host range
Which of the following is not a method we use for the cultivation of animal viruses?
A. Using cell culture
B. Using live animals
C. Using embryonated eggs
D. Using bacteria growing on agar plates - (ANSWER)D. Using bacteria growing on agar plates
Which of the following is a problem facing microbiologists in the modern era? Select all correct answers.
A. The emergence of new diseases and the re-emergence of diseases thought to be well controlled
B. Rapid disease spread due to the mobility of people
C. Increased antibiotic resistance caused by the misuse of antibiotics
